Fibre Bragg Grating Based Interface Pressure Sensor for Compression Therapy
Compression therapy is widely used as the gold standard for management of chronic venous insufficiency and venous leg ulcers, and the amount of pressure applied during the compression therapy is crucial in supporting healing. A fibre optic pressure sensor using Fibre Bragg Gratings (FBGs) is develop...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/5/1798 |
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| author | James A. Bradbury Qimei Zhang Francisco U. Hernandez Ledezma Ricardo Correia Serhiy Korposh Barrie R. Hayes-Gill Ferdinand Tamoué Alison Parnham Simon A. McMaster Stephen P. Morgan |
| author_facet | James A. Bradbury Qimei Zhang Francisco U. Hernandez Ledezma Ricardo Correia Serhiy Korposh Barrie R. Hayes-Gill Ferdinand Tamoué Alison Parnham Simon A. McMaster Stephen P. Morgan |
| author_sort | James A. Bradbury |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Compression therapy is widely used as the gold standard for management of chronic venous insufficiency and venous leg ulcers, and the amount of pressure applied during the compression therapy is crucial in supporting healing. A fibre optic pressure sensor using Fibre Bragg Gratings (FBGs) is developed in this paper to measure sub-bandage pressure whilst removing cross-sensitivity due to strain in the fibre and temperature. The interface pressure is measured by an FBG encapsulated in a polymer and housed in a textile to minimise discomfort for the patient. The repeatability of a manual fabrication process is investigated by fabricating and calibrating ten sensors. A customized calibration setup consisting of a programmable translation stage and a weighing scale gives sensitivities in the range 0.4–1.5 pm/mmHg (2.6–11.3 pm/kPa). An alternative calibration method using a rigid plastic cylinder and a blood pressure cuff is also demonstrated. Investigations are performed with the sensor under a compression bandage on a phantom leg to test the response of the sensor to changing pressures in static situations. Measurements are taken on a human subject to demonstrate changes in interface pressure under a compression bandage during motion to mimic a clinical application. These results are compared to the current gold standard medical sensor using a Bland–Altman analysis, with a median bias ranging from −4.6 to −20.4 mmHg, upper limit of agreement (LOA) from −13.5 to 2.7 mmHg and lower LOA from −32.4 to −7.7 mmHg. The sensor has the potential to be used as a training tool for nurses and can be left in situ to monitor bandage pressure during compression therapy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:21:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9722f3553ac446cab61ae2a2bbbca0a9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:21:32Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-9722f3553ac446cab61ae2a2bbbca0a92023-11-23T23:46:20ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-02-01225179810.3390/s22051798Fibre Bragg Grating Based Interface Pressure Sensor for Compression TherapyJames A. Bradbury0Qimei Zhang1Francisco U. Hernandez Ledezma2Ricardo Correia3Serhiy Korposh4Barrie R. Hayes-Gill5Ferdinand Tamoué6Alison Parnham7Simon A. McMaster8Stephen P. Morgan9Optics and Photonics Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UKDepartment of Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University Nottingham, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UKFootfalls and Heartbeats (UK) Limited, 10 Castle Quay, Castle Boulevard, Nottingham NG7 1FW, UKOptics and Photonics Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UKOptics and Photonics Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UKOptics and Photonics Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UKKOB GmbH, Lauterstraße 50, 67752 Wolfstein, GermanySchool of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UKFootfalls and Heartbeats (UK) Limited, 10 Castle Quay, Castle Boulevard, Nottingham NG7 1FW, UKOptics and Photonics Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UKCompression therapy is widely used as the gold standard for management of chronic venous insufficiency and venous leg ulcers, and the amount of pressure applied during the compression therapy is crucial in supporting healing. A fibre optic pressure sensor using Fibre Bragg Gratings (FBGs) is developed in this paper to measure sub-bandage pressure whilst removing cross-sensitivity due to strain in the fibre and temperature. The interface pressure is measured by an FBG encapsulated in a polymer and housed in a textile to minimise discomfort for the patient. The repeatability of a manual fabrication process is investigated by fabricating and calibrating ten sensors. A customized calibration setup consisting of a programmable translation stage and a weighing scale gives sensitivities in the range 0.4–1.5 pm/mmHg (2.6–11.3 pm/kPa). An alternative calibration method using a rigid plastic cylinder and a blood pressure cuff is also demonstrated. Investigations are performed with the sensor under a compression bandage on a phantom leg to test the response of the sensor to changing pressures in static situations. Measurements are taken on a human subject to demonstrate changes in interface pressure under a compression bandage during motion to mimic a clinical application. These results are compared to the current gold standard medical sensor using a Bland–Altman analysis, with a median bias ranging from −4.6 to −20.4 mmHg, upper limit of agreement (LOA) from −13.5 to 2.7 mmHg and lower LOA from −32.4 to −7.7 mmHg. The sensor has the potential to be used as a training tool for nurses and can be left in situ to monitor bandage pressure during compression therapy.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/5/1798optical fibre sensorcompression therapyvenous leg ulcersub-bandage pressure sensorFibre Bragg Grating |
| spellingShingle | James A. Bradbury Qimei Zhang Francisco U. Hernandez Ledezma Ricardo Correia Serhiy Korposh Barrie R. Hayes-Gill Ferdinand Tamoué Alison Parnham Simon A. McMaster Stephen P. Morgan Fibre Bragg Grating Based Interface Pressure Sensor for Compression Therapy Sensors optical fibre sensor compression therapy venous leg ulcer sub-bandage pressure sensor Fibre Bragg Grating |
| title | Fibre Bragg Grating Based Interface Pressure Sensor for Compression Therapy |
| title_full | Fibre Bragg Grating Based Interface Pressure Sensor for Compression Therapy |
| title_fullStr | Fibre Bragg Grating Based Interface Pressure Sensor for Compression Therapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fibre Bragg Grating Based Interface Pressure Sensor for Compression Therapy |
| title_short | Fibre Bragg Grating Based Interface Pressure Sensor for Compression Therapy |
| title_sort | fibre bragg grating based interface pressure sensor for compression therapy |
| topic | optical fibre sensor compression therapy venous leg ulcer sub-bandage pressure sensor Fibre Bragg Grating |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/5/1798 |
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