<i>Paenibacillus alvei</i> K165 and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> F2: Potential Biocontrol Agents against <i>Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</i> in Grapevines
In the last two decades grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) have emerged as the most significant threat for grapevine sustainability worldwide. The tracheomycotic fungus <i>Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</i> (Pch) is the predominant GTD-associated species and cannot be controlled with available...
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/2/207 |
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| author | Fedon-Ioannis Gkikas Alexandros Tako Danai Gkizi Christina Lagogianni Emmanouil A. Markakis Sotirios E. Tjamos |
| author_facet | Fedon-Ioannis Gkikas Alexandros Tako Danai Gkizi Christina Lagogianni Emmanouil A. Markakis Sotirios E. Tjamos |
| author_sort | Fedon-Ioannis Gkikas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the last two decades grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) have emerged as the most significant threat for grapevine sustainability worldwide. The tracheomycotic fungus <i>Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</i> (Pch) is the predominant GTD-associated species and cannot be controlled with available chemicals. In the present study, we evaluated the effectiveness of two microbial strains (<i>Paenibacillus alvei</i> K165 and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> F2) against Pch in grapevine. In vitro bioassays, performed in a growth culture medium simulating the xylem environment, indicated that F2 decreased Pch growth and sporulation, whereas K165 did not have any effect on Pch growth. <i>In planta</i> experiments revealed that root-drench and stem-puncture application of K165 and F2 reduced the endophytic relative DNA amount of Pch by 90% and 82%, respectively, compared to controls. However, wood discoloration, the typical symptom of Pch infection, was not reduced in the F2 treated grapevines. Nevertheless, the F2 treated grapevines harbored higher lignin levels compared to mocks, as it was also done by K165. Therefore, F2 and K165 have the potential to be used as biocontrol agents against Pch in grapevines. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:59:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-973b1556d6854fdaac90d894dc4ca3e1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:59:39Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-973b1556d6854fdaac90d894dc4ca3e12023-12-03T14:15:16ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472021-01-0110220710.3390/plants10020207<i>Paenibacillus alvei</i> K165 and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> F2: Potential Biocontrol Agents against <i>Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</i> in GrapevinesFedon-Ioannis Gkikas0Alexandros Tako1Danai Gkizi2Christina Lagogianni3Emmanouil A. Markakis4Sotirios E. Tjamos5Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855 Athens, GreeceLaboratory of Plant Pathology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855 Athens, GreeceLaboratory of Plant Pathology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855 Athens, GreeceLaboratory of Plant Pathology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855 Athens, GreeceLaboratory of Mycology, Department of Viticulture, Vegetable Crops, Floriculture and Plant Protection, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, Mesa Katsampas 71003, Iraklio Crete, GreeceLaboratory of Plant Pathology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855 Athens, GreeceIn the last two decades grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) have emerged as the most significant threat for grapevine sustainability worldwide. The tracheomycotic fungus <i>Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</i> (Pch) is the predominant GTD-associated species and cannot be controlled with available chemicals. In the present study, we evaluated the effectiveness of two microbial strains (<i>Paenibacillus alvei</i> K165 and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> F2) against Pch in grapevine. In vitro bioassays, performed in a growth culture medium simulating the xylem environment, indicated that F2 decreased Pch growth and sporulation, whereas K165 did not have any effect on Pch growth. <i>In planta</i> experiments revealed that root-drench and stem-puncture application of K165 and F2 reduced the endophytic relative DNA amount of Pch by 90% and 82%, respectively, compared to controls. However, wood discoloration, the typical symptom of Pch infection, was not reduced in the F2 treated grapevines. Nevertheless, the F2 treated grapevines harbored higher lignin levels compared to mocks, as it was also done by K165. Therefore, F2 and K165 have the potential to be used as biocontrol agents against Pch in grapevines.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/2/207biological controlesca diseaseligninplant defense |
| spellingShingle | Fedon-Ioannis Gkikas Alexandros Tako Danai Gkizi Christina Lagogianni Emmanouil A. Markakis Sotirios E. Tjamos <i>Paenibacillus alvei</i> K165 and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> F2: Potential Biocontrol Agents against <i>Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</i> in Grapevines Plants biological control esca disease lignin plant defense |
| title | <i>Paenibacillus alvei</i> K165 and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> F2: Potential Biocontrol Agents against <i>Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</i> in Grapevines |
| title_full | <i>Paenibacillus alvei</i> K165 and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> F2: Potential Biocontrol Agents against <i>Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</i> in Grapevines |
| title_fullStr | <i>Paenibacillus alvei</i> K165 and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> F2: Potential Biocontrol Agents against <i>Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</i> in Grapevines |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Paenibacillus alvei</i> K165 and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> F2: Potential Biocontrol Agents against <i>Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</i> in Grapevines |
| title_short | <i>Paenibacillus alvei</i> K165 and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> F2: Potential Biocontrol Agents against <i>Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</i> in Grapevines |
| title_sort | i paenibacillus alvei i k165 and i fusarium oxysporum i f2 potential biocontrol agents against i phaeomoniella chlamydospora i in grapevines |
| topic | biological control esca disease lignin plant defense |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/2/207 |
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