Analysis of available animal testing data to propose peer-derived quantitative thresholds for determining adequate surveillance capacity for rabies
Abstract Historical targets for country-level animal rabies testing volumes were abandoned due to ethical and welfare concerns, and interpretation challenges of testing healthy animals. To-date, no quantitative threshold has been established for evaluating adequate surveillance capacity specific to...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30984-3 |
| _version_ | 1797864848599547904 |
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| author | Faisal S. Minhaj Sarah C. Bonaparte Cassandra Boutelle Ryan M. Wallace |
| author_facet | Faisal S. Minhaj Sarah C. Bonaparte Cassandra Boutelle Ryan M. Wallace |
| author_sort | Faisal S. Minhaj |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Historical targets for country-level animal rabies testing volumes were abandoned due to ethical and welfare concerns, and interpretation challenges of testing healthy animals. To-date, no quantitative threshold has been established for evaluating adequate surveillance capacity specific to suspected rabid animals. The purpose here is to establish quantitative testing thresholds for rabies suspected animals to assess a country’s rabies surveillance capacity. Animal rabies testing data was obtained from official and unofficial rabies surveillance platforms from 2010 to 2019 and supplemented with official country reports and published literature. Testing rates were determined for all-animal and domestic animals, and standardized per 100,000 estimated human population; the domestic animal rate was also standardized per 100,000 estimated dog population. There were 113 countries that reported surveillance data eligible for analysis. Countries reporting the most data were under WHO categories as having endemic human rabies or no dog rabies. The annual median all-animal testing rate for all countries was 1.53 animals/100,000 human population (IQR 0.27–8.78). Three proposed testing rate thresholds are an all-animal rate of 1.9 animals/100,000 humans, a domestic animal per human rate of 0.8 animals/100,000 humans, and a domestic animal per dog rate of 6.6 animals/100,000 dogs. These three peer-derived rabies testing thresholds for passive surveillance can be used to facilitate assessment of a country’s rabies surveillance capacity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T22:59:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-973f218d634f4fa9b41ec72b3794645d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T22:59:43Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-973f218d634f4fa9b41ec72b3794645d2023-03-22T11:05:05ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-03-011311910.1038/s41598-023-30984-3Analysis of available animal testing data to propose peer-derived quantitative thresholds for determining adequate surveillance capacity for rabiesFaisal S. Minhaj0Sarah C. Bonaparte1Cassandra Boutelle2Ryan M. Wallace3Poxvirus and Rabies Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionPoxvirus and Rabies Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionPoxvirus and Rabies Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionPoxvirus and Rabies Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAbstract Historical targets for country-level animal rabies testing volumes were abandoned due to ethical and welfare concerns, and interpretation challenges of testing healthy animals. To-date, no quantitative threshold has been established for evaluating adequate surveillance capacity specific to suspected rabid animals. The purpose here is to establish quantitative testing thresholds for rabies suspected animals to assess a country’s rabies surveillance capacity. Animal rabies testing data was obtained from official and unofficial rabies surveillance platforms from 2010 to 2019 and supplemented with official country reports and published literature. Testing rates were determined for all-animal and domestic animals, and standardized per 100,000 estimated human population; the domestic animal rate was also standardized per 100,000 estimated dog population. There were 113 countries that reported surveillance data eligible for analysis. Countries reporting the most data were under WHO categories as having endemic human rabies or no dog rabies. The annual median all-animal testing rate for all countries was 1.53 animals/100,000 human population (IQR 0.27–8.78). Three proposed testing rate thresholds are an all-animal rate of 1.9 animals/100,000 humans, a domestic animal per human rate of 0.8 animals/100,000 humans, and a domestic animal per dog rate of 6.6 animals/100,000 dogs. These three peer-derived rabies testing thresholds for passive surveillance can be used to facilitate assessment of a country’s rabies surveillance capacity.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30984-3 |
| spellingShingle | Faisal S. Minhaj Sarah C. Bonaparte Cassandra Boutelle Ryan M. Wallace Analysis of available animal testing data to propose peer-derived quantitative thresholds for determining adequate surveillance capacity for rabies Scientific Reports |
| title | Analysis of available animal testing data to propose peer-derived quantitative thresholds for determining adequate surveillance capacity for rabies |
| title_full | Analysis of available animal testing data to propose peer-derived quantitative thresholds for determining adequate surveillance capacity for rabies |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of available animal testing data to propose peer-derived quantitative thresholds for determining adequate surveillance capacity for rabies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of available animal testing data to propose peer-derived quantitative thresholds for determining adequate surveillance capacity for rabies |
| title_short | Analysis of available animal testing data to propose peer-derived quantitative thresholds for determining adequate surveillance capacity for rabies |
| title_sort | analysis of available animal testing data to propose peer derived quantitative thresholds for determining adequate surveillance capacity for rabies |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30984-3 |
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