Application of Exogenous Silicon for Alleviating Photosynthetic Inhibition in Tomato Seedlings under Low−Calcium Stress
To address the low Ca−induced growth inhibition of tomato plants, the mitigation effect of exogenous Si on tomato seedlings under low−Ca stress was investigated using different application methods. We specifically analyzed the effects of root application or foliar spraying of 1 mM Si on growth condi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/21/13526 |
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| author | Zhaozhuang Li Zeci Liu Zhibin Yue Jie Wang Li Jin Zhiqi Xu Ning Jin Bo Zhang Jian Lyu Jihua Yu |
| author_facet | Zhaozhuang Li Zeci Liu Zhibin Yue Jie Wang Li Jin Zhiqi Xu Ning Jin Bo Zhang Jian Lyu Jihua Yu |
| author_sort | Zhaozhuang Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To address the low Ca−induced growth inhibition of tomato plants, the mitigation effect of exogenous Si on tomato seedlings under low−Ca stress was investigated using different application methods. We specifically analyzed the effects of root application or foliar spraying of 1 mM Si on growth conditions, leaf photosynthetic properties, stomatal status, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence, ATP activity and content, Calvin cycle−related enzymatic activity, and gene expression in tomato seedlings under low vs. adequate calcium conditions. We found that the low−Ca environment significantly affected (reduced) these parameters, resulting in growth limitation. Surprisingly, the application of 1 mM Si significantly increased plant height, stem diameter, and biomass accumulation, protected photosynthetic pigments, improved gas exchange, promoted ATP production, enhanced the activity of Calvin cycle key enzymes and expression of related genes, and ensured efficient photosynthesis to occur in plants under low−Ca conditions. Interestingly, when the same amount of Si was applied, the beneficial effects of Si were more pronounced under low−Ca conditions that under adequate Ca. We speculate that Si might promote the absorption and transport of calcium in plants. The effects of Si also differed depending on the application method; foliar spraying was better in alleviating photosynthetic inhibition in plants under low−Ca stress, whereas root application of Si significantly promoted root growth and development. Enhancing the photosynthetic capacity by foliar Si application is an effective strategy for ameliorating the growth inhibition of plants under low−Ca stress. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:59:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9749b042b3a14c0996193516a296f066 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:59:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-9749b042b3a14c0996193516a296f0662023-11-24T05:09:24ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-11-0123211352610.3390/ijms232113526Application of Exogenous Silicon for Alleviating Photosynthetic Inhibition in Tomato Seedlings under Low−Calcium StressZhaozhuang Li0Zeci Liu1Zhibin Yue2Jie Wang3Li Jin4Zhiqi Xu5Ning Jin6Bo Zhang7Jian Lyu8Jihua Yu9College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaTo address the low Ca−induced growth inhibition of tomato plants, the mitigation effect of exogenous Si on tomato seedlings under low−Ca stress was investigated using different application methods. We specifically analyzed the effects of root application or foliar spraying of 1 mM Si on growth conditions, leaf photosynthetic properties, stomatal status, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence, ATP activity and content, Calvin cycle−related enzymatic activity, and gene expression in tomato seedlings under low vs. adequate calcium conditions. We found that the low−Ca environment significantly affected (reduced) these parameters, resulting in growth limitation. Surprisingly, the application of 1 mM Si significantly increased plant height, stem diameter, and biomass accumulation, protected photosynthetic pigments, improved gas exchange, promoted ATP production, enhanced the activity of Calvin cycle key enzymes and expression of related genes, and ensured efficient photosynthesis to occur in plants under low−Ca conditions. Interestingly, when the same amount of Si was applied, the beneficial effects of Si were more pronounced under low−Ca conditions that under adequate Ca. We speculate that Si might promote the absorption and transport of calcium in plants. The effects of Si also differed depending on the application method; foliar spraying was better in alleviating photosynthetic inhibition in plants under low−Ca stress, whereas root application of Si significantly promoted root growth and development. Enhancing the photosynthetic capacity by foliar Si application is an effective strategy for ameliorating the growth inhibition of plants under low−Ca stress.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/21/13526tomatosiliconlow−calcium stressphotosynthetic enzyme |
| spellingShingle | Zhaozhuang Li Zeci Liu Zhibin Yue Jie Wang Li Jin Zhiqi Xu Ning Jin Bo Zhang Jian Lyu Jihua Yu Application of Exogenous Silicon for Alleviating Photosynthetic Inhibition in Tomato Seedlings under Low−Calcium Stress International Journal of Molecular Sciences tomato silicon low−calcium stress photosynthetic enzyme |
| title | Application of Exogenous Silicon for Alleviating Photosynthetic Inhibition in Tomato Seedlings under Low−Calcium Stress |
| title_full | Application of Exogenous Silicon for Alleviating Photosynthetic Inhibition in Tomato Seedlings under Low−Calcium Stress |
| title_fullStr | Application of Exogenous Silicon for Alleviating Photosynthetic Inhibition in Tomato Seedlings under Low−Calcium Stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of Exogenous Silicon for Alleviating Photosynthetic Inhibition in Tomato Seedlings under Low−Calcium Stress |
| title_short | Application of Exogenous Silicon for Alleviating Photosynthetic Inhibition in Tomato Seedlings under Low−Calcium Stress |
| title_sort | application of exogenous silicon for alleviating photosynthetic inhibition in tomato seedlings under low calcium stress |
| topic | tomato silicon low−calcium stress photosynthetic enzyme |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/21/13526 |
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