Lower limb joint motion and muscle force in treadmill and over-ground exercise
Abstract Background Treadmill exercise is commonly used as an alternative to over-ground walking or running. Increasing evidence indicated the kinetics of treadmill exercise is different from that of over-ground. Biomechanics of treadmill or over-ground exercises have been investigated in terms of e...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2019-08-01
|
| Series: | BioMedical Engineering OnLine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12938-019-0708-4 |
| _version_ | 1818112889846759424 |
|---|---|
| author | Jie Yao Ning Guo Yanqiu Xiao Zhili Li Yinghui Li Fang Pu Yubo Fan |
| author_facet | Jie Yao Ning Guo Yanqiu Xiao Zhili Li Yinghui Li Fang Pu Yubo Fan |
| author_sort | Jie Yao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Treadmill exercise is commonly used as an alternative to over-ground walking or running. Increasing evidence indicated the kinetics of treadmill exercise is different from that of over-ground. Biomechanics of treadmill or over-ground exercises have been investigated in terms of energy consumption, ground reaction force, and surface EMG signals. These indexes cannot accurately characterize the musculoskeletal loading, which directly contributes to tissue injuries. This study aimed to quantify the differences of lower limb joint angles and muscle forces in treadmills and over-ground exercises. 10 healthy volunteers were required to walk at 100 and 120 steps/min and run at 140 and 160 steps/min on treadmill and ground. The joint flexion angles were obtained from the motion capture experiments and were used to calculate the muscle forces with an inverse dynamic method. Results Hip, knee, and ankle joint motions of treadmill and over-ground conditions were similar in walking, yet different in running. Compared with over-ground running, joint motion ranges in treadmill running were smaller. They were also less affected by stride frequency. Maximum Gastrocnemius force was greater in treadmill walking, yet maximum Rectus femoris and Vastus forces were smaller. Maximum Gastrocnemius and Soleus forces were greater in treadmill running. Conclusions Treadmill exercise results in smoother joint kinematics. In terms of muscle force, treadmill exercise requires lower loading on knee extensor, yet higher loading on plantar flexor, especially on Gastrocnemius. The findings and the methodology can provide the basis for rehabilitation therapy customization and sophistic treadmill design. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T03:26:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-97529cfb124444f8ad8034e6451d8b65 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1475-925X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T03:26:07Z |
| publishDate | 2019-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BioMedical Engineering OnLine |
| spelling | doaj.art-97529cfb124444f8ad8034e6451d8b652022-12-22T01:22:30ZengBMCBioMedical Engineering OnLine1475-925X2019-08-0118111210.1186/s12938-019-0708-4Lower limb joint motion and muscle force in treadmill and over-ground exerciseJie Yao0Ning Guo1Yanqiu Xiao2Zhili Li3Yinghui Li4Fang Pu5Yubo Fan6Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang UniversityDepartment of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong KongKey Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang UniversityState Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterState Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterKey Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang UniversityKey Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang UniversityAbstract Background Treadmill exercise is commonly used as an alternative to over-ground walking or running. Increasing evidence indicated the kinetics of treadmill exercise is different from that of over-ground. Biomechanics of treadmill or over-ground exercises have been investigated in terms of energy consumption, ground reaction force, and surface EMG signals. These indexes cannot accurately characterize the musculoskeletal loading, which directly contributes to tissue injuries. This study aimed to quantify the differences of lower limb joint angles and muscle forces in treadmills and over-ground exercises. 10 healthy volunteers were required to walk at 100 and 120 steps/min and run at 140 and 160 steps/min on treadmill and ground. The joint flexion angles were obtained from the motion capture experiments and were used to calculate the muscle forces with an inverse dynamic method. Results Hip, knee, and ankle joint motions of treadmill and over-ground conditions were similar in walking, yet different in running. Compared with over-ground running, joint motion ranges in treadmill running were smaller. They were also less affected by stride frequency. Maximum Gastrocnemius force was greater in treadmill walking, yet maximum Rectus femoris and Vastus forces were smaller. Maximum Gastrocnemius and Soleus forces were greater in treadmill running. Conclusions Treadmill exercise results in smoother joint kinematics. In terms of muscle force, treadmill exercise requires lower loading on knee extensor, yet higher loading on plantar flexor, especially on Gastrocnemius. The findings and the methodology can provide the basis for rehabilitation therapy customization and sophistic treadmill design.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12938-019-0708-4TreadmillOver-groundMotion captureMuscle forceStride frequency |
| spellingShingle | Jie Yao Ning Guo Yanqiu Xiao Zhili Li Yinghui Li Fang Pu Yubo Fan Lower limb joint motion and muscle force in treadmill and over-ground exercise BioMedical Engineering OnLine Treadmill Over-ground Motion capture Muscle force Stride frequency |
| title | Lower limb joint motion and muscle force in treadmill and over-ground exercise |
| title_full | Lower limb joint motion and muscle force in treadmill and over-ground exercise |
| title_fullStr | Lower limb joint motion and muscle force in treadmill and over-ground exercise |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lower limb joint motion and muscle force in treadmill and over-ground exercise |
| title_short | Lower limb joint motion and muscle force in treadmill and over-ground exercise |
| title_sort | lower limb joint motion and muscle force in treadmill and over ground exercise |
| topic | Treadmill Over-ground Motion capture Muscle force Stride frequency |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12938-019-0708-4 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jieyao lowerlimbjointmotionandmuscleforceintreadmillandovergroundexercise AT ningguo lowerlimbjointmotionandmuscleforceintreadmillandovergroundexercise AT yanqiuxiao lowerlimbjointmotionandmuscleforceintreadmillandovergroundexercise AT zhilili lowerlimbjointmotionandmuscleforceintreadmillandovergroundexercise AT yinghuili lowerlimbjointmotionandmuscleforceintreadmillandovergroundexercise AT fangpu lowerlimbjointmotionandmuscleforceintreadmillandovergroundexercise AT yubofan lowerlimbjointmotionandmuscleforceintreadmillandovergroundexercise |