Determining Wave Transmission over Rubble-Mound Breakwaters: Assessment of Existing Formulae through Benchmark Testing
Low-crested and submerged breakwaters are frequently employed as coastal defence structures. Their efficiency is governed by wave energy dissipation, and the wave transmission coefficient can evaluate this parameter. The current study conducts experimental investigations on both low-crested and subm...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/6/1111 |
| _version_ | 1797608553587933184 |
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| author | Nasrin Hassanpour Diego Vicinanza Pasquale Contestabile |
| author_facet | Nasrin Hassanpour Diego Vicinanza Pasquale Contestabile |
| author_sort | Nasrin Hassanpour |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Low-crested and submerged breakwaters are frequently employed as coastal defence structures. Their efficiency is governed by wave energy dissipation, and the wave transmission coefficient can evaluate this parameter. The current study conducts experimental investigations on both low-crested and submerged breakwaters exposed to different wave conditions to compare their performance with that of emerged breakwaters. The current study provides a comprehensive review of existing formulae and highlights the impact of design variables. To evaluate the reliability of each existing formula, four “reference” configurations are used. Having these structures at the same overall volume, the results also provide a useful tool for engineers involved in the lowering operation of existing breakwaters. Nature and magnitude of governing parameters are investigated, and some points of criticism are outlined. The comparison results show that few of the existing equations give reliable estimates of the transmission coefficient for all the models tested in this study. Higher values of root mean square error are related to the emerged breakwater rather than the submerged ones. To obtain information about the transmitted wave energy, spectral analysis is applied as well. Different behaviours of the transmitted spectrum, n terms of shape and peak frequency, are highlighted. The results improve the overall knowledge on formulae that are in the literature, in order to make the user more aware. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:45:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-975a9b639bb14e009496306d3bed54cf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:45:57Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-975a9b639bb14e009496306d3bed54cf2023-11-17T14:26:40ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412023-03-01156111110.3390/w15061111Determining Wave Transmission over Rubble-Mound Breakwaters: Assessment of Existing Formulae through Benchmark TestingNasrin Hassanpour0Diego Vicinanza1Pasquale Contestabile2Department of Engineering, Università della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81031 Aversa, ItalyDepartment of Engineering, Università della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81031 Aversa, ItalyDepartment of Engineering, Università della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81031 Aversa, ItalyLow-crested and submerged breakwaters are frequently employed as coastal defence structures. Their efficiency is governed by wave energy dissipation, and the wave transmission coefficient can evaluate this parameter. The current study conducts experimental investigations on both low-crested and submerged breakwaters exposed to different wave conditions to compare their performance with that of emerged breakwaters. The current study provides a comprehensive review of existing formulae and highlights the impact of design variables. To evaluate the reliability of each existing formula, four “reference” configurations are used. Having these structures at the same overall volume, the results also provide a useful tool for engineers involved in the lowering operation of existing breakwaters. Nature and magnitude of governing parameters are investigated, and some points of criticism are outlined. The comparison results show that few of the existing equations give reliable estimates of the transmission coefficient for all the models tested in this study. Higher values of root mean square error are related to the emerged breakwater rather than the submerged ones. To obtain information about the transmitted wave energy, spectral analysis is applied as well. Different behaviours of the transmitted spectrum, n terms of shape and peak frequency, are highlighted. The results improve the overall knowledge on formulae that are in the literature, in order to make the user more aware.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/6/1111coastal defence structuressubmerged breakwatersspectral densitylow-crested breakwatersphysical model |
| spellingShingle | Nasrin Hassanpour Diego Vicinanza Pasquale Contestabile Determining Wave Transmission over Rubble-Mound Breakwaters: Assessment of Existing Formulae through Benchmark Testing Water coastal defence structures submerged breakwaters spectral density low-crested breakwaters physical model |
| title | Determining Wave Transmission over Rubble-Mound Breakwaters: Assessment of Existing Formulae through Benchmark Testing |
| title_full | Determining Wave Transmission over Rubble-Mound Breakwaters: Assessment of Existing Formulae through Benchmark Testing |
| title_fullStr | Determining Wave Transmission over Rubble-Mound Breakwaters: Assessment of Existing Formulae through Benchmark Testing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Determining Wave Transmission over Rubble-Mound Breakwaters: Assessment of Existing Formulae through Benchmark Testing |
| title_short | Determining Wave Transmission over Rubble-Mound Breakwaters: Assessment of Existing Formulae through Benchmark Testing |
| title_sort | determining wave transmission over rubble mound breakwaters assessment of existing formulae through benchmark testing |
| topic | coastal defence structures submerged breakwaters spectral density low-crested breakwaters physical model |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/6/1111 |
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