The binary-outcome detection loophole
The detection loophole problem arises when quantum devices fail to provide an output for some runs. If treating these devices in a device-independent manner, failure to include the unsuccessful runs in the output statistics can lead to an adversary falsifying security i.e. Bell inequality violation....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2021-01-01
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| Series: | New Journal of Physics |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ac10a5 |
| _version_ | 1797750155737300992 |
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| author | Thomas Cope |
| author_facet | Thomas Cope |
| author_sort | Thomas Cope |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The detection loophole problem arises when quantum devices fail to provide an output for some runs. If treating these devices in a device-independent manner, failure to include the unsuccessful runs in the output statistics can lead to an adversary falsifying security i.e. Bell inequality violation. If the devices fail with too high frequency, known as the detection threshold , then no security is possible, as the full statistics cannot violate a Bell inequality. In this work we provide an intuitive local hidden-variable strategy that the devices may use to falsify any two-party, binary-outcome no-signalling distribution up to a threshold of 2( m _A + m _B − 8)/( m _A m _B − 16), where m _A , m _B refer to the number of available inputs choices to the two parties. This value is the largest analytically predicted lower bound for no-signalling distributions. We strongly conjecture it gives the true detection threshold for m _A = m _B , and for computationally tractable scenarios we provide the Bell inequality which verifies this. We also prove that a non-trivial detection threshold remains, even when allowing one party an arbitrary number of input choices. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T16:28:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9771dd09fe824ed296dbe70b899d3397 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1367-2630 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T16:28:38Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | New Journal of Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-9771dd09fe824ed296dbe70b899d33972023-08-08T15:36:15ZengIOP PublishingNew Journal of Physics1367-26302021-01-0123707303210.1088/1367-2630/ac10a5The binary-outcome detection loopholeThomas Cope0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4571-2872Institut für Theoretische Physik, Leibniz Universität Hannover , Appelstr. 2, 30167 Hannover, GermanyThe detection loophole problem arises when quantum devices fail to provide an output for some runs. If treating these devices in a device-independent manner, failure to include the unsuccessful runs in the output statistics can lead to an adversary falsifying security i.e. Bell inequality violation. If the devices fail with too high frequency, known as the detection threshold , then no security is possible, as the full statistics cannot violate a Bell inequality. In this work we provide an intuitive local hidden-variable strategy that the devices may use to falsify any two-party, binary-outcome no-signalling distribution up to a threshold of 2( m _A + m _B − 8)/( m _A m _B − 16), where m _A , m _B refer to the number of available inputs choices to the two parties. This value is the largest analytically predicted lower bound for no-signalling distributions. We strongly conjecture it gives the true detection threshold for m _A = m _B , and for computationally tractable scenarios we provide the Bell inequality which verifies this. We also prove that a non-trivial detection threshold remains, even when allowing one party an arbitrary number of input choices.https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ac10a5quantum informationdetection loopholequantum foundationsnonlocal correlationshidden variables |
| spellingShingle | Thomas Cope The binary-outcome detection loophole New Journal of Physics quantum information detection loophole quantum foundations nonlocal correlations hidden variables |
| title | The binary-outcome detection loophole |
| title_full | The binary-outcome detection loophole |
| title_fullStr | The binary-outcome detection loophole |
| title_full_unstemmed | The binary-outcome detection loophole |
| title_short | The binary-outcome detection loophole |
| title_sort | binary outcome detection loophole |
| topic | quantum information detection loophole quantum foundations nonlocal correlations hidden variables |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ac10a5 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT thomascope thebinaryoutcomedetectionloophole AT thomascope binaryoutcomedetectionloophole |