| Summary: | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Single-nucleotide polymorphisms within <it>TP</it>53 gene (codon 72 exon 4, rs1042522, encoding either arginine or proline) and <it>MDM2 </it>promoter (SNP309; rs2279744), have been independently associated with increased risk of several cancer types. Few studies have analysed the role of these polymorphisms in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Genotype distribution of <it>TP</it>53 codon 72 and <it>MDM2 </it>SNP309 in 61 viral hepatitis-related hepatocellular carcinoma cases and 122 blood samples (healthy controls) from Italian subjects were determined by PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Frequencies of <it>TP</it>53 codon 72 alleles were not significantly different between cases and controls. A significant increase of <it>MDM2 </it>SNP309 G/G and T/G genotypes were observed among hepatocellular carcinoma cases (Odds Ratio, OR = 3.56, 95% Confidence Limits, 95% CI = 1.3-9.7; and OR = 2.82, 95% CI = 1.3-6.4, respectively).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These results highlight a significant role of <it>MDM2 </it>SNP309 G allele as a susceptibility gene for the development of viral hepatitis-related hepatocellular carcinoma among Italian subjects.</p>
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