Roles of the HOX Proteins in Cancer Invasion and Metastasis
Invasion and metastasis correspond to the foremost cause of cancer-related death, and the molecular networks behind these two processes are extremely complex and dependent on the intra- and extracellular conditions along with the prime of the premetastatic niche. Currently, several studies suggest a...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/1/10 |
| _version_ | 1797543860989067264 |
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| author | Ana Paço Simone Aparecida de Bessa Garcia Joana Leitão Castro Ana Rita Costa-Pinto Renata Freitas |
| author_facet | Ana Paço Simone Aparecida de Bessa Garcia Joana Leitão Castro Ana Rita Costa-Pinto Renata Freitas |
| author_sort | Ana Paço |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Invasion and metastasis correspond to the foremost cause of cancer-related death, and the molecular networks behind these two processes are extremely complex and dependent on the intra- and extracellular conditions along with the prime of the premetastatic niche. Currently, several studies suggest an association between the levels of <i>HOX</i> genes expression and cancer cell invasion and metastasis, which favour the formation of novel tumour masses. The deregulation of <i>HOX</i> genes by HMGA2/TET1 signalling and the regulatory effect of noncoding RNAs generated by the <i>HOX</i> loci can also promote invasion and metastasis, interfering with the expression of <i>HOX</i> genes or other genes relevant to these processes. In this review, we present five molecular mechanisms of <i>HOX</i> deregulation by which the <i>HOX</i> clusters products may affect invasion and metastatic processes in solid tumours. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:52:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9783260439fd46588159f6b412006f70 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:52:26Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-9783260439fd46588159f6b412006f702023-11-21T02:03:07ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942020-12-011311010.3390/cancers13010010Roles of the HOX Proteins in Cancer Invasion and MetastasisAna Paço0Simone Aparecida de Bessa Garcia1Joana Leitão Castro2Ana Rita Costa-Pinto3Renata Freitas4BLC3—Biomassa Lenho-Celulósica de 3ª Geração, Campus of Technology and Innovation, 3405-169 Oliveira do Hospital, PortugalI3S—Institute for Innovation & Health Research, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, PortugalI3S—Institute for Innovation & Health Research, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, PortugalI3S—Institute for Innovation & Health Research, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, PortugalI3S—Institute for Innovation & Health Research, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, PortugalInvasion and metastasis correspond to the foremost cause of cancer-related death, and the molecular networks behind these two processes are extremely complex and dependent on the intra- and extracellular conditions along with the prime of the premetastatic niche. Currently, several studies suggest an association between the levels of <i>HOX</i> genes expression and cancer cell invasion and metastasis, which favour the formation of novel tumour masses. The deregulation of <i>HOX</i> genes by HMGA2/TET1 signalling and the regulatory effect of noncoding RNAs generated by the <i>HOX</i> loci can also promote invasion and metastasis, interfering with the expression of <i>HOX</i> genes or other genes relevant to these processes. In this review, we present five molecular mechanisms of <i>HOX</i> deregulation by which the <i>HOX</i> clusters products may affect invasion and metastatic processes in solid tumours.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/1/10<i>HOX</i>invasion and metastasisHMGA2/TET1/HOXA signalling pathwayTGFβ signallingepithelial-to-mesenchymal transitionmicroRNAs |
| spellingShingle | Ana Paço Simone Aparecida de Bessa Garcia Joana Leitão Castro Ana Rita Costa-Pinto Renata Freitas Roles of the HOX Proteins in Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Cancers <i>HOX</i> invasion and metastasis HMGA2/TET1/HOXA signalling pathway TGFβ signalling epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition microRNAs |
| title | Roles of the HOX Proteins in Cancer Invasion and Metastasis |
| title_full | Roles of the HOX Proteins in Cancer Invasion and Metastasis |
| title_fullStr | Roles of the HOX Proteins in Cancer Invasion and Metastasis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Roles of the HOX Proteins in Cancer Invasion and Metastasis |
| title_short | Roles of the HOX Proteins in Cancer Invasion and Metastasis |
| title_sort | roles of the hox proteins in cancer invasion and metastasis |
| topic | <i>HOX</i> invasion and metastasis HMGA2/TET1/HOXA signalling pathway TGFβ signalling epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition microRNAs |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/1/10 |
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