On the Redox-Activity and Health-Effects of Atmospheric Primary and Secondary Aerosol: Phenomenology
The RHAPS (Redox-Activity And Health-Effects Of Atmospheric Primary And Secondary Aerosol) project was launched in 2019 with the major objective of identifying specific properties of the fine atmospheric aerosol from combustion sources that are responsible for toxicological effects and can be used a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/5/704 |
| _version_ | 1797501654242689024 |
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| author | Francesca Costabile Stefano Decesari Roberta Vecchi Franco Lucarelli Gabriele Curci Dario Massabò Matteo Rinaldi Maurizio Gualtieri Emanuela Corsini Elena Menegola Silvia Canepari Lorenzo Massimi Stefania Argentini Maurizio Busetto Gianluca Di Iulio Luca Di Liberto Marco Paglione Igor Petenko Mara Russo Angela Marinoni Gianpietro Casasanta Sara Valentini Vera Bernardoni Federica Crova Gianluigi Valli Alice Corina Forello Fabio Giardi Silvia Nava Giulia Pazzi Paolo Prati Virginia Vernocchi Teresa La Torretta Ettore Petralia Milena Stracquadanio Gabriele Zanini Gloria Melzi Emma Nozza Martina Iulini Donatella Caruso Lucia Cioffi Gabriele Imperato Flavio Giavarini Maria Battistoni Francesca Di Renzo Maria Agostina Frezzini Cinzia Perrino Maria Cristina Facchini |
| author_facet | Francesca Costabile Stefano Decesari Roberta Vecchi Franco Lucarelli Gabriele Curci Dario Massabò Matteo Rinaldi Maurizio Gualtieri Emanuela Corsini Elena Menegola Silvia Canepari Lorenzo Massimi Stefania Argentini Maurizio Busetto Gianluca Di Iulio Luca Di Liberto Marco Paglione Igor Petenko Mara Russo Angela Marinoni Gianpietro Casasanta Sara Valentini Vera Bernardoni Federica Crova Gianluigi Valli Alice Corina Forello Fabio Giardi Silvia Nava Giulia Pazzi Paolo Prati Virginia Vernocchi Teresa La Torretta Ettore Petralia Milena Stracquadanio Gabriele Zanini Gloria Melzi Emma Nozza Martina Iulini Donatella Caruso Lucia Cioffi Gabriele Imperato Flavio Giavarini Maria Battistoni Francesca Di Renzo Maria Agostina Frezzini Cinzia Perrino Maria Cristina Facchini |
| author_sort | Francesca Costabile |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The RHAPS (Redox-Activity And Health-Effects Of Atmospheric Primary And Secondary Aerosol) project was launched in 2019 with the major objective of identifying specific properties of the fine atmospheric aerosol from combustion sources that are responsible for toxicological effects and can be used as new metrics for health-related outdoor pollution studies. In this paper, we present the overall methodology of RHAPS and introduce the phenomenology and the first data observed. A comprehensive physico-chemical aerosol characterization has been achieved by means of high-time resolution measurements (e.g., number size distributions, refractory chemical components, elemental composition) and low-time resolution analyses (e.g., oxidative potential, toxicological assays, chemical composition). Preliminary results indicate that, at the real atmospheric conditions observed (i.e., daily PM<sub>1</sub> from less than 4 to more than 50 μg m<sup>−3</sup>), high/low mass concentrations of PM<sub>1</sub>, as well as black carbon (BC) and water soluble Oxidative Potential (WSOP,) do not necessarily translate into high/low toxicity. Notably, these findings were observed during a variety of atmospheric conditions and aerosol properties and with different toxicological assessments. Findings suggest a higher complexity in the relations observed between atmospheric aerosol and toxicological endpoints that go beyond the currently used PM<sub>1</sub> metrics. Finally, we provide an outlook to companion papers where data will be analyzed in more detail, with the focus on source apportionment of PM<sub>1</sub> and the role of source emissions on aerosol toxicity, the OP as a predictive variable for PM<sub>1</sub> toxicity, and the related role of SOA possessing redox-active capacity, exposure-response relationships for PM<sub>1</sub>, and air quality models to forecast PM<sub>1</sub> toxicity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:21:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-978bf8b5dbbc41b3b02e15da4fb778bd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:21:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-978bf8b5dbbc41b3b02e15da4fb778bd2023-11-23T10:01:32ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332022-04-0113570410.3390/atmos13050704On the Redox-Activity and Health-Effects of Atmospheric Primary and Secondary Aerosol: PhenomenologyFrancesca Costabile0Stefano Decesari1Roberta Vecchi2Franco Lucarelli3Gabriele Curci4Dario Massabò5Matteo Rinaldi6Maurizio Gualtieri7Emanuela Corsini8Elena Menegola9Silvia Canepari10Lorenzo Massimi11Stefania Argentini12Maurizio Busetto13Gianluca Di Iulio14Luca Di Liberto15Marco Paglione16Igor Petenko17Mara Russo18Angela Marinoni19Gianpietro Casasanta20Sara Valentini21Vera Bernardoni22Federica Crova23Gianluigi Valli24Alice Corina Forello25Fabio Giardi26Silvia Nava27Giulia Pazzi28Paolo Prati29Virginia Vernocchi30Teresa La Torretta31Ettore Petralia32Milena Stracquadanio33Gabriele Zanini34Gloria Melzi35Emma Nozza36Martina Iulini37Donatella Caruso38Lucia Cioffi39Gabriele Imperato40Flavio Giavarini41Maria Battistoni42Francesca Di Renzo43Maria Agostina Frezzini44Cinzia Perrino45Maria Cristina Facchini46Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, 00133 Roma, ItalyInstitute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, 40129 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano, INFN-Milan, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, ItalyDepartment of Physico Chemical Science, Università degli Studi dell’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, ItalyDepartment of Physics, Università degli Studi di Genova, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare—INFN-Genoa, 16146 Genova, ItalyInstitute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, 40129 Bologna, ItalyENEA-SSPT-MET-INAT, 40129 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Environmental Biology, University of Rome Sapienza, 00185 Roma, ItalyDepartment of Environmental Biology, University of Rome Sapienza, 00185 Roma, ItalyInstitute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, 00133 Roma, ItalyInstitute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, 40129 Bologna, ItalyInstitute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, 00133 Roma, ItalyInstitute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, 00133 Roma, ItalyInstitute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, 40129 Bologna, ItalyInstitute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, 00133 Roma, ItalyInstitute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, 40129 Bologna, ItalyInstitute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, 40129 Bologna, ItalyInstitute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, 00133 Roma, ItalyDepartment of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano, INFN-Milan, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano, INFN-Milan, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano, INFN-Milan, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano, INFN-Milan, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, ItalyDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, ItalyDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, ItalyDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, ItalyDepartment of Physics, Università degli Studi di Genova, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare—INFN-Genoa, 16146 Genova, ItalyDepartment of Physics, Università degli Studi di Genova, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare—INFN-Genoa, 16146 Genova, ItalyENEA-SSPT-MET-INAT, 40129 Bologna, ItalyENEA-SSPT-MET-INAT, 40129 Bologna, ItalyENEA-SSPT-MET-INAT, 40129 Bologna, ItalyENEA-SSPT-MET-INAT, 40129 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano, INFN-Milan, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano, INFN-Milan, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Environmental Biology, University of Rome Sapienza, 00185 Roma, ItalyInstitute of Air Pollution, National Research Council, 00185, Rome, ItalyInstitute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, 40129 Bologna, ItalyThe RHAPS (Redox-Activity And Health-Effects Of Atmospheric Primary And Secondary Aerosol) project was launched in 2019 with the major objective of identifying specific properties of the fine atmospheric aerosol from combustion sources that are responsible for toxicological effects and can be used as new metrics for health-related outdoor pollution studies. In this paper, we present the overall methodology of RHAPS and introduce the phenomenology and the first data observed. A comprehensive physico-chemical aerosol characterization has been achieved by means of high-time resolution measurements (e.g., number size distributions, refractory chemical components, elemental composition) and low-time resolution analyses (e.g., oxidative potential, toxicological assays, chemical composition). Preliminary results indicate that, at the real atmospheric conditions observed (i.e., daily PM<sub>1</sub> from less than 4 to more than 50 μg m<sup>−3</sup>), high/low mass concentrations of PM<sub>1</sub>, as well as black carbon (BC) and water soluble Oxidative Potential (WSOP,) do not necessarily translate into high/low toxicity. Notably, these findings were observed during a variety of atmospheric conditions and aerosol properties and with different toxicological assessments. Findings suggest a higher complexity in the relations observed between atmospheric aerosol and toxicological endpoints that go beyond the currently used PM<sub>1</sub> metrics. Finally, we provide an outlook to companion papers where data will be analyzed in more detail, with the focus on source apportionment of PM<sub>1</sub> and the role of source emissions on aerosol toxicity, the OP as a predictive variable for PM<sub>1</sub> toxicity, and the related role of SOA possessing redox-active capacity, exposure-response relationships for PM<sub>1</sub>, and air quality models to forecast PM<sub>1</sub> toxicity.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/5/704atmospheric aerosolchemical compositionsecondary aerosolsource apportionmentultrafine particlesoxidative potential |
| spellingShingle | Francesca Costabile Stefano Decesari Roberta Vecchi Franco Lucarelli Gabriele Curci Dario Massabò Matteo Rinaldi Maurizio Gualtieri Emanuela Corsini Elena Menegola Silvia Canepari Lorenzo Massimi Stefania Argentini Maurizio Busetto Gianluca Di Iulio Luca Di Liberto Marco Paglione Igor Petenko Mara Russo Angela Marinoni Gianpietro Casasanta Sara Valentini Vera Bernardoni Federica Crova Gianluigi Valli Alice Corina Forello Fabio Giardi Silvia Nava Giulia Pazzi Paolo Prati Virginia Vernocchi Teresa La Torretta Ettore Petralia Milena Stracquadanio Gabriele Zanini Gloria Melzi Emma Nozza Martina Iulini Donatella Caruso Lucia Cioffi Gabriele Imperato Flavio Giavarini Maria Battistoni Francesca Di Renzo Maria Agostina Frezzini Cinzia Perrino Maria Cristina Facchini On the Redox-Activity and Health-Effects of Atmospheric Primary and Secondary Aerosol: Phenomenology Atmosphere atmospheric aerosol chemical composition secondary aerosol source apportionment ultrafine particles oxidative potential |
| title | On the Redox-Activity and Health-Effects of Atmospheric Primary and Secondary Aerosol: Phenomenology |
| title_full | On the Redox-Activity and Health-Effects of Atmospheric Primary and Secondary Aerosol: Phenomenology |
| title_fullStr | On the Redox-Activity and Health-Effects of Atmospheric Primary and Secondary Aerosol: Phenomenology |
| title_full_unstemmed | On the Redox-Activity and Health-Effects of Atmospheric Primary and Secondary Aerosol: Phenomenology |
| title_short | On the Redox-Activity and Health-Effects of Atmospheric Primary and Secondary Aerosol: Phenomenology |
| title_sort | on the redox activity and health effects of atmospheric primary and secondary aerosol phenomenology |
| topic | atmospheric aerosol chemical composition secondary aerosol source apportionment ultrafine particles oxidative potential |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/5/704 |
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