Transcriptional differentiation of UV‐B protectant genes in maize landraces spanning an elevational gradient in Chiapas, Mexico
Abstract Globally, farmers cultivate and maintain crop landraces (i.e., traditional varieties). Landraces contain unique diversity shaped in part by natural and human‐mediated selection and are an indispensable resource for farmers. Since environmental conditions change with elevation, crop landrace...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Evolutionary Applications |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12954 |
| _version_ | 1818520684861587456 |
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| author | Matthew A. Kost Hugo Perales Saranga Wijeratne Asela J. Wijeratne Eric J. Stockinger Kristin L. Mercer |
| author_facet | Matthew A. Kost Hugo Perales Saranga Wijeratne Asela J. Wijeratne Eric J. Stockinger Kristin L. Mercer |
| author_sort | Matthew A. Kost |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Globally, farmers cultivate and maintain crop landraces (i.e., traditional varieties). Landraces contain unique diversity shaped in part by natural and human‐mediated selection and are an indispensable resource for farmers. Since environmental conditions change with elevation, crop landraces grown along elevational gradients have provided ideal locations to explore patterns of local adaptation. To further probe traits underlying this differentiation, transcriptome signatures can help provide a foundation for understanding the ways in which functional genetic diversity may be shaped by environment. In this study, we returned to an elevational gradient in Chiapas, Mexico, to assess transcriptional differentiation of genes underlying UV‐B protection in locally adapted maize landraces from multiple elevations. We collected and planted landraces from three elevational zones (lowland, approximately 600 m; midland, approximately 1,550 m; highland approximately 2,100 m) in a common garden at 1,531 m. Using RNA‐seq data derived from leaf tissue, we performed differential expression analysis between maize from these distinct elevations. Highland and lowland landraces displayed differential expression in phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis genes involved in the production of UV‐B protectants and did so at a rate greater than expected based on observed background transcriptional differentiation across the genome. These findings provide evidence for the differentiation of suites of genes involved in complex ecologically relevant pathways. Thus, while neutral evolutionary processes may have played a role in the observed patterns of differentiation, UV‐B may have also acted as a selective pressure to differentiate maize landraces in the region. Studies of the distribution of functional crop genetic diversity across variable landscapes can aid us in understanding the response of diversity to abiotic/biotic change and, ultimately, may facilitate its conservation and utilization. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T01:40:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-978ecefeb5a74da4ac6268c0cd41db5c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1752-4571 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T01:40:44Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Evolutionary Applications |
| spelling | doaj.art-978ecefeb5a74da4ac6268c0cd41db5c2022-12-22T01:25:03ZengWileyEvolutionary Applications1752-45712020-09-011381949196710.1111/eva.12954Transcriptional differentiation of UV‐B protectant genes in maize landraces spanning an elevational gradient in Chiapas, MexicoMatthew A. Kost0Hugo Perales1Saranga Wijeratne2Asela J. Wijeratne3Eric J. Stockinger4Kristin L. Mercer5Department of Horticulture and Crop Science The Ohio State University Wooster OH USADepartamento de Agricultura, Sociedad y Ambiente El Colegio de la Frontera Sur San Cristóbal de Las Casas Chiapas MexicoMolecular and Cellular Imaging Center Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center The Ohio State University Wooster OH USAMolecular and Cellular Imaging Center Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center The Ohio State University Wooster OH USADepartment of Horticulture and Crop Science The Ohio State University Wooster OH USADepartment of Horticulture and Crop Sciences The Ohio State University Columbus OH USAAbstract Globally, farmers cultivate and maintain crop landraces (i.e., traditional varieties). Landraces contain unique diversity shaped in part by natural and human‐mediated selection and are an indispensable resource for farmers. Since environmental conditions change with elevation, crop landraces grown along elevational gradients have provided ideal locations to explore patterns of local adaptation. To further probe traits underlying this differentiation, transcriptome signatures can help provide a foundation for understanding the ways in which functional genetic diversity may be shaped by environment. In this study, we returned to an elevational gradient in Chiapas, Mexico, to assess transcriptional differentiation of genes underlying UV‐B protection in locally adapted maize landraces from multiple elevations. We collected and planted landraces from three elevational zones (lowland, approximately 600 m; midland, approximately 1,550 m; highland approximately 2,100 m) in a common garden at 1,531 m. Using RNA‐seq data derived from leaf tissue, we performed differential expression analysis between maize from these distinct elevations. Highland and lowland landraces displayed differential expression in phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis genes involved in the production of UV‐B protectants and did so at a rate greater than expected based on observed background transcriptional differentiation across the genome. These findings provide evidence for the differentiation of suites of genes involved in complex ecologically relevant pathways. Thus, while neutral evolutionary processes may have played a role in the observed patterns of differentiation, UV‐B may have also acted as a selective pressure to differentiate maize landraces in the region. Studies of the distribution of functional crop genetic diversity across variable landscapes can aid us in understanding the response of diversity to abiotic/biotic change and, ultimately, may facilitate its conservation and utilization.https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12954adaptationelevational gradientlandracemaizeUV‐B |
| spellingShingle | Matthew A. Kost Hugo Perales Saranga Wijeratne Asela J. Wijeratne Eric J. Stockinger Kristin L. Mercer Transcriptional differentiation of UV‐B protectant genes in maize landraces spanning an elevational gradient in Chiapas, Mexico Evolutionary Applications adaptation elevational gradient landrace maize UV‐B |
| title | Transcriptional differentiation of UV‐B protectant genes in maize landraces spanning an elevational gradient in Chiapas, Mexico |
| title_full | Transcriptional differentiation of UV‐B protectant genes in maize landraces spanning an elevational gradient in Chiapas, Mexico |
| title_fullStr | Transcriptional differentiation of UV‐B protectant genes in maize landraces spanning an elevational gradient in Chiapas, Mexico |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transcriptional differentiation of UV‐B protectant genes in maize landraces spanning an elevational gradient in Chiapas, Mexico |
| title_short | Transcriptional differentiation of UV‐B protectant genes in maize landraces spanning an elevational gradient in Chiapas, Mexico |
| title_sort | transcriptional differentiation of uv b protectant genes in maize landraces spanning an elevational gradient in chiapas mexico |
| topic | adaptation elevational gradient landrace maize UV‐B |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12954 |
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