Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles Inhibit the Biofilm Formation of Cariogenic Microorganisms

Although various caries-preventive agents have been developed, dental caries is still a leading global disease, mostly caused by biological factors such as mutans streptococci. Magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles have been reported to exhibit antibacterial effects; however, they are rarely used in ora...

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Main Authors: Kentaro Okamoto, Daisuke Kudo, Dao Nguyen Duy Phuong, Yoshihito Iwamoto, Koji Watanabe, Yoshie Yoshioka, Wataru Ariyoshi, Ryota Yamasaki
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2023-02-01
Series:Nanomaterials
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/5/864
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author Kentaro Okamoto
Daisuke Kudo
Dao Nguyen Duy Phuong
Yoshihito Iwamoto
Koji Watanabe
Yoshie Yoshioka
Wataru Ariyoshi
Ryota Yamasaki
author_facet Kentaro Okamoto
Daisuke Kudo
Dao Nguyen Duy Phuong
Yoshihito Iwamoto
Koji Watanabe
Yoshie Yoshioka
Wataru Ariyoshi
Ryota Yamasaki
author_sort Kentaro Okamoto
collection DOAJ
description Although various caries-preventive agents have been developed, dental caries is still a leading global disease, mostly caused by biological factors such as mutans streptococci. Magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles have been reported to exhibit antibacterial effects; however, they are rarely used in oral care practical applications. In this study, we examined the inhibitory effect of magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles on biofilm formation by <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> and <i>Streptococcus sobrinus</i>—two typical caries-causing bacteria. Three different sizes of magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles (NM80, NM300, and NM700) were studied, all of which inhibited biofilm formation. The results showed that the nanoparticles were important for the inhibitory effect, which was not influenced by pH or the presence of magnesium ions. We also determined that the inhibition process was mainly contact inhibition and that medium (NM300) and large (NM700) sizes were particularly effective in this regard. The findings of our study demonstrate the potential applications of magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles as caries-preventive agents.
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spelling doaj.art-9791db2a9676451886e982b0d4777ff02023-11-17T08:17:34ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912023-02-0113586410.3390/nano13050864Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles Inhibit the Biofilm Formation of Cariogenic MicroorganismsKentaro Okamoto0Daisuke Kudo1Dao Nguyen Duy Phuong2Yoshihito Iwamoto3Koji Watanabe4Yoshie Yoshioka5Wataru Ariyoshi6Ryota Yamasaki7Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan SETOLAS Holdings Inc., Hayashida-cho, Sakaide, Kagawa 762-0012, Japan SETOLAS Holdings Inc., Hayashida-cho, Sakaide, Kagawa 762-0012, Japan SETOLAS Holdings Inc., Hayashida-cho, Sakaide, Kagawa 762-0012, Japan Division of Developmental Stomatognathic Function Science, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 803-8580, JapanDivision of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan Although various caries-preventive agents have been developed, dental caries is still a leading global disease, mostly caused by biological factors such as mutans streptococci. Magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles have been reported to exhibit antibacterial effects; however, they are rarely used in oral care practical applications. In this study, we examined the inhibitory effect of magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles on biofilm formation by <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> and <i>Streptococcus sobrinus</i>—two typical caries-causing bacteria. Three different sizes of magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles (NM80, NM300, and NM700) were studied, all of which inhibited biofilm formation. The results showed that the nanoparticles were important for the inhibitory effect, which was not influenced by pH or the presence of magnesium ions. We also determined that the inhibition process was mainly contact inhibition and that medium (NM300) and large (NM700) sizes were particularly effective in this regard. The findings of our study demonstrate the potential applications of magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles as caries-preventive agents.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/5/864magnesium hydroxide nanoparticlesdental cariescariogenic microorganismsbiofilm inhibition
spellingShingle Kentaro Okamoto
Daisuke Kudo
Dao Nguyen Duy Phuong
Yoshihito Iwamoto
Koji Watanabe
Yoshie Yoshioka
Wataru Ariyoshi
Ryota Yamasaki
Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles Inhibit the Biofilm Formation of Cariogenic Microorganisms
Nanomaterials
magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles
dental caries
cariogenic microorganisms
biofilm inhibition
title Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles Inhibit the Biofilm Formation of Cariogenic Microorganisms
title_full Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles Inhibit the Biofilm Formation of Cariogenic Microorganisms
title_fullStr Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles Inhibit the Biofilm Formation of Cariogenic Microorganisms
title_full_unstemmed Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles Inhibit the Biofilm Formation of Cariogenic Microorganisms
title_short Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles Inhibit the Biofilm Formation of Cariogenic Microorganisms
title_sort magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles inhibit the biofilm formation of cariogenic microorganisms
topic magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles
dental caries
cariogenic microorganisms
biofilm inhibition
url https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/5/864
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