Relationship between sacral-abdominal wall distance, movement performance, and spinal alignment in osteoporosis: a retrospective study
Abstract Background Aging is associated with muscle atrophy, as typified by sarcopenia. Loss of abdominal muscle strength can cause abdominal wall laxity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the sacral vertebra–abdominal wall distance (SAD) and movement performance...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2024-03-01
|
| Series: | BMC Geriatrics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-024-04865-x |
| _version_ | 1797259022219345920 |
|---|---|
| author | Takashi Nagai Makoto Miyagami Shota Nakamura Keizo Sakamoto Koji Ishikawa Ichiro Okano Fumihito Kasai Yoshifumi Kudo Nobuyuki Kawate |
| author_facet | Takashi Nagai Makoto Miyagami Shota Nakamura Keizo Sakamoto Koji Ishikawa Ichiro Okano Fumihito Kasai Yoshifumi Kudo Nobuyuki Kawate |
| author_sort | Takashi Nagai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Aging is associated with muscle atrophy, as typified by sarcopenia. Loss of abdominal muscle strength can cause abdominal wall laxity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the sacral vertebra–abdominal wall distance (SAD) and movement performance using a simple lateral spine X-ray image for measuring the SAD. Methods In this retrospective study, we included women aged ≥ 65 years who were attending the outpatient clinic for osteoporosis at our hospital. A total of 287 patients (mean age ± SD, 76.8 ± 7.1 years) with measured SAD were included in the analysis. Patients were divided into two groups based on SAD cutoff (160 mm) and age (75 years), respectively. The patients were examined using the two-foot 20 cm rise test, 3 m Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, two-step test, open-eyed one-leg standing time, and spinal alignment. Normally distributed data are expressed as means (standard deviations) and non-normally distributed data as medians (interquartile range), depending on the results of the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Student’s t-test and χ2 test were used for between-group comparisons. Regression analysis was performed with SAD as the objective variable. A two-sided p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The shorter SAD group performed better in the two-step test, TUG test, and open-eyed one-leg standing time (p < 0.001) as well as in the two-foot 20 cm rise test (p < 0.01) compared to the longer SAD group. Spinal alignment was better in the shorter SAD group than in the longer SAD group, with a shorter sagittal vertical axis (p < 0.001), smaller pelvic tilt (p < 0.001), and greater sacral slope (p < 0.05). Conclusion SAD was associated with posterior pelvic tilt and movement performance parameters. In addition to testing for osteoporosis, movement performance parameters should be evaluated in women with osteoporosis who are aged ≥ 65 and have greater SAD (≥ 160 mm in this study). The SAD is a new assessment method, and further research is required to verify its validity and reproducibility. This is the first attempt to determine how age and SAD affect movement performance in older adults. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T23:02:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9792f2d8947041d792eb159f92203adc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2318 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T23:02:49Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Geriatrics |
| spelling | doaj.art-9792f2d8947041d792eb159f92203adc2024-03-17T12:37:46ZengBMCBMC Geriatrics1471-23182024-03-0124111310.1186/s12877-024-04865-xRelationship between sacral-abdominal wall distance, movement performance, and spinal alignment in osteoporosis: a retrospective studyTakashi Nagai0Makoto Miyagami1Shota Nakamura2Keizo Sakamoto3Koji Ishikawa4Ichiro Okano5Fumihito Kasai6Yoshifumi Kudo7Nobuyuki Kawate8Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Showa University School of MedicineDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Showa University School of MedicineDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Showa University School of MedicineDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Showa University School of MedicineDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Showa University School of MedicineDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Showa University School of MedicineOrthopaedic Surgery, Showa University School of MedicineDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Showa University School of MedicineOrthopaedic Surgery, Showa University School of MedicineAbstract Background Aging is associated with muscle atrophy, as typified by sarcopenia. Loss of abdominal muscle strength can cause abdominal wall laxity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the sacral vertebra–abdominal wall distance (SAD) and movement performance using a simple lateral spine X-ray image for measuring the SAD. Methods In this retrospective study, we included women aged ≥ 65 years who were attending the outpatient clinic for osteoporosis at our hospital. A total of 287 patients (mean age ± SD, 76.8 ± 7.1 years) with measured SAD were included in the analysis. Patients were divided into two groups based on SAD cutoff (160 mm) and age (75 years), respectively. The patients were examined using the two-foot 20 cm rise test, 3 m Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, two-step test, open-eyed one-leg standing time, and spinal alignment. Normally distributed data are expressed as means (standard deviations) and non-normally distributed data as medians (interquartile range), depending on the results of the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Student’s t-test and χ2 test were used for between-group comparisons. Regression analysis was performed with SAD as the objective variable. A two-sided p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The shorter SAD group performed better in the two-step test, TUG test, and open-eyed one-leg standing time (p < 0.001) as well as in the two-foot 20 cm rise test (p < 0.01) compared to the longer SAD group. Spinal alignment was better in the shorter SAD group than in the longer SAD group, with a shorter sagittal vertical axis (p < 0.001), smaller pelvic tilt (p < 0.001), and greater sacral slope (p < 0.05). Conclusion SAD was associated with posterior pelvic tilt and movement performance parameters. In addition to testing for osteoporosis, movement performance parameters should be evaluated in women with osteoporosis who are aged ≥ 65 and have greater SAD (≥ 160 mm in this study). The SAD is a new assessment method, and further research is required to verify its validity and reproducibility. This is the first attempt to determine how age and SAD affect movement performance in older adults.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-024-04865-xAgingSAD (sacral–abdominal wall distance)Movement performanceOsteoporosisSpinal alignmentWaist circumference |
| spellingShingle | Takashi Nagai Makoto Miyagami Shota Nakamura Keizo Sakamoto Koji Ishikawa Ichiro Okano Fumihito Kasai Yoshifumi Kudo Nobuyuki Kawate Relationship between sacral-abdominal wall distance, movement performance, and spinal alignment in osteoporosis: a retrospective study BMC Geriatrics Aging SAD (sacral–abdominal wall distance) Movement performance Osteoporosis Spinal alignment Waist circumference |
| title | Relationship between sacral-abdominal wall distance, movement performance, and spinal alignment in osteoporosis: a retrospective study |
| title_full | Relationship between sacral-abdominal wall distance, movement performance, and spinal alignment in osteoporosis: a retrospective study |
| title_fullStr | Relationship between sacral-abdominal wall distance, movement performance, and spinal alignment in osteoporosis: a retrospective study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Relationship between sacral-abdominal wall distance, movement performance, and spinal alignment in osteoporosis: a retrospective study |
| title_short | Relationship between sacral-abdominal wall distance, movement performance, and spinal alignment in osteoporosis: a retrospective study |
| title_sort | relationship between sacral abdominal wall distance movement performance and spinal alignment in osteoporosis a retrospective study |
| topic | Aging SAD (sacral–abdominal wall distance) Movement performance Osteoporosis Spinal alignment Waist circumference |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-024-04865-x |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT takashinagai relationshipbetweensacralabdominalwalldistancemovementperformanceandspinalalignmentinosteoporosisaretrospectivestudy AT makotomiyagami relationshipbetweensacralabdominalwalldistancemovementperformanceandspinalalignmentinosteoporosisaretrospectivestudy AT shotanakamura relationshipbetweensacralabdominalwalldistancemovementperformanceandspinalalignmentinosteoporosisaretrospectivestudy AT keizosakamoto relationshipbetweensacralabdominalwalldistancemovementperformanceandspinalalignmentinosteoporosisaretrospectivestudy AT kojiishikawa relationshipbetweensacralabdominalwalldistancemovementperformanceandspinalalignmentinosteoporosisaretrospectivestudy AT ichirookano relationshipbetweensacralabdominalwalldistancemovementperformanceandspinalalignmentinosteoporosisaretrospectivestudy AT fumihitokasai relationshipbetweensacralabdominalwalldistancemovementperformanceandspinalalignmentinosteoporosisaretrospectivestudy AT yoshifumikudo relationshipbetweensacralabdominalwalldistancemovementperformanceandspinalalignmentinosteoporosisaretrospectivestudy AT nobuyukikawate relationshipbetweensacralabdominalwalldistancemovementperformanceandspinalalignmentinosteoporosisaretrospectivestudy |