Carminic Acid Stabilized with Aluminum-Magnesium Hydroxycarbonate as New Colorant Reducing Flammability of Polymer Composites
In this study, hybrid pigments based on carminic acid (CA) were synthesized and applied in polymer materials. Modification of aluminum-magnesium hydroxycarbonate (LH) with CA transformed the soluble chromophore into an organic-inorganic hybrid colorant. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy (TOF-SIMS), X-...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2019-02-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/3/560 |
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| author | Anna Marzec Bolesław Szadkowski Jacek Rogowski Waldemar Maniukiewicz Dariusz Moszyński Przemysław Rybiński Marian Zaborski |
| author_facet | Anna Marzec Bolesław Szadkowski Jacek Rogowski Waldemar Maniukiewicz Dariusz Moszyński Przemysław Rybiński Marian Zaborski |
| author_sort | Anna Marzec |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, hybrid pigments based on carminic acid (CA) were synthesized and applied in polymer materials. Modification of aluminum-magnesium hydroxycarbonate (LH) with CA transformed the soluble chromophore into an organic-inorganic hybrid colorant. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy (TOF-SIMS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-Vis spectroscopy were used to study the structure, composition, and morphology of the insoluble LH/CA colorant. Successful modification of the LH was confirmed by the presence of interactions between the LH matrix and molecules of CA. XPS analysis corroborated the presence of CA complexes with Mg<sup>2+</sup> ions in the LH host. The batochromic shift in UV-Vis spectra of the organic-inorganic hybrid colorant was attributed to metal-dye interactions in the organic-inorganic hybrid colorants. Strong metal-dye interactions may also be responsible for the improved solvent resistance and chromostability of the modified LH. In comparison to uncolored ethylene-norbornene copolymer (EN), a modified EN sample containing LH/CA pigment showed lower heat release rate (HRR) and reduced total heat release (THR), providing the material with enhanced flame retardancy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T05:12:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-979e931dcb894f0daf595a6ab360127d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T05:12:02Z |
| publishDate | 2019-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-979e931dcb894f0daf595a6ab360127d2022-12-22T00:36:53ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492019-02-0124356010.3390/molecules24030560molecules24030560Carminic Acid Stabilized with Aluminum-Magnesium Hydroxycarbonate as New Colorant Reducing Flammability of Polymer CompositesAnna Marzec0Bolesław Szadkowski1Jacek Rogowski2Waldemar Maniukiewicz3Dariusz Moszyński4Przemysław Rybiński5Marian Zaborski6Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, PolandInstitute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, PolandInstitute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, PolandInstitute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, PolandFaculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, PolandDepartment of Management and Environmental Protection, Jan Kochanowski University, Zeromskiego 5, 25-369 Kielce, PolandInstitute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, PolandIn this study, hybrid pigments based on carminic acid (CA) were synthesized and applied in polymer materials. Modification of aluminum-magnesium hydroxycarbonate (LH) with CA transformed the soluble chromophore into an organic-inorganic hybrid colorant. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy (TOF-SIMS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-Vis spectroscopy were used to study the structure, composition, and morphology of the insoluble LH/CA colorant. Successful modification of the LH was confirmed by the presence of interactions between the LH matrix and molecules of CA. XPS analysis corroborated the presence of CA complexes with Mg<sup>2+</sup> ions in the LH host. The batochromic shift in UV-Vis spectra of the organic-inorganic hybrid colorant was attributed to metal-dye interactions in the organic-inorganic hybrid colorants. Strong metal-dye interactions may also be responsible for the improved solvent resistance and chromostability of the modified LH. In comparison to uncolored ethylene-norbornene copolymer (EN), a modified EN sample containing LH/CA pigment showed lower heat release rate (HRR) and reduced total heat release (THR), providing the material with enhanced flame retardancy.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/3/560carminic acidhybrid materialsaluminum-magnesium hydroxycarbonateflame retardancyethylene-norbornene copolymer |
| spellingShingle | Anna Marzec Bolesław Szadkowski Jacek Rogowski Waldemar Maniukiewicz Dariusz Moszyński Przemysław Rybiński Marian Zaborski Carminic Acid Stabilized with Aluminum-Magnesium Hydroxycarbonate as New Colorant Reducing Flammability of Polymer Composites Molecules carminic acid hybrid materials aluminum-magnesium hydroxycarbonate flame retardancy ethylene-norbornene copolymer |
| title | Carminic Acid Stabilized with Aluminum-Magnesium Hydroxycarbonate as New Colorant Reducing Flammability of Polymer Composites |
| title_full | Carminic Acid Stabilized with Aluminum-Magnesium Hydroxycarbonate as New Colorant Reducing Flammability of Polymer Composites |
| title_fullStr | Carminic Acid Stabilized with Aluminum-Magnesium Hydroxycarbonate as New Colorant Reducing Flammability of Polymer Composites |
| title_full_unstemmed | Carminic Acid Stabilized with Aluminum-Magnesium Hydroxycarbonate as New Colorant Reducing Flammability of Polymer Composites |
| title_short | Carminic Acid Stabilized with Aluminum-Magnesium Hydroxycarbonate as New Colorant Reducing Flammability of Polymer Composites |
| title_sort | carminic acid stabilized with aluminum magnesium hydroxycarbonate as new colorant reducing flammability of polymer composites |
| topic | carminic acid hybrid materials aluminum-magnesium hydroxycarbonate flame retardancy ethylene-norbornene copolymer |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/3/560 |
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