| Summary: | Vehicle-pedestrian crashes are more likely to result in fatalities or severe injuries as compared to vehicle-vehicle crashes. Therefore, various vehicle-pedestrian crash-warning solutions have been proposed. In this report, we first analyze pedestrian-fatality-statistics in the world, Japan, and the US; we then examine various vehicle-pedestrian crash-warning solutions, including three types of communication-solutions that can detect pedestrians in non-line-of-sight: “pedestrians’ communication-modules communicate to vehicles directly”, “vehicles’ modules detect pedestrians’ mobile-phones”, and “vehicles and pedestrians communicate through mobile-network”. Next, we analyze technical challenges in communicationsolutions: channel-congestion, communication-delay, and others. Finally, we conclude this report with approaches to implement communication-solutions for vehicle-pedestrian crash-warnings.
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