Immune response of heterologous versus homologous prime-boost regimens with adenoviral vectored and mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised patients
Due to rare but major adverse reactions to the AstraZeneca adenoviral ChAdOx1-S-nCoV-19 vaccine (ChAd), German health authorities recommended adults under 60 who received one dose of ChAd, to receive a second dose of the BioNTech mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine (BNT) as a booster. Studies in the general popul...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-06-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1187880/full |
| _version_ | 1827928284757753856 |
|---|---|
| author | Chang Chu Anne Schönbrunn Dorothea Fischer Yvonne Liu Yvonne Liu Johann-Georg Hocher Jutta Weinerth Kristin Klemm Kristin Klemm Volker von Baehr Bernhard K. Krämer Bernhard K. Krämer Bernhard K. Krämer Bernhard K. Krämer Saban Elitok Saban Elitok Berthold Hocher Berthold Hocher Berthold Hocher |
| author_facet | Chang Chu Anne Schönbrunn Dorothea Fischer Yvonne Liu Yvonne Liu Johann-Georg Hocher Jutta Weinerth Kristin Klemm Kristin Klemm Volker von Baehr Bernhard K. Krämer Bernhard K. Krämer Bernhard K. Krämer Bernhard K. Krämer Saban Elitok Saban Elitok Berthold Hocher Berthold Hocher Berthold Hocher |
| author_sort | Chang Chu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Due to rare but major adverse reactions to the AstraZeneca adenoviral ChAdOx1-S-nCoV-19 vaccine (ChAd), German health authorities recommended adults under 60 who received one dose of ChAd, to receive a second dose of the BioNTech mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine (BNT) as a booster. Studies in the general population suggest an enhanced efficacy of the heterologous (ChAd-BNT) compared to the homologous (BNT-BNT) vaccination regimen. However, an analysis of the efficacy in patient populations with a high risk of severe COVID-19 due to acquired immunodeficiency is still missing. We therefore compared both vaccination regimens in healthy controls, patients with gynecological tumors after chemotherapy, patients on dialysis and patients with rheumatic diseases concerning the humoral and cellular immune response. The humoral and cellular immune response differed substantially in healthy controls compared to patients with acquired immunodeficiency. Overall, the most significant differences between the two immunization regimens were found in neutralizing antibodies. These were always higher after a heterologous immunization. Healthy controls responded well to both vaccination regimens. However, the formation of neutralizing antibodies was more pronounced after a heterologous immunization. Dialysis patients, on the other hand, only developed an adequate humoral and particularly cellular immune response after a heterologous immunization. Tumor and rheumatic patients also - to a weaker extent compared to dialysis patients - benefited from a heterologous immunization. In conclusion, the heterologous COVID-19 vaccination regimens (ChAd-BNT) seem to have an advantage over the homologous vaccination regimens, especially in immunocompromised patients such as patients with end-stage kidney disease treated with hemodialysis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T06:05:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-97b448956fcc43ec999e5610b039e3c3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T06:05:29Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-97b448956fcc43ec999e5610b039e3c32023-06-12T04:23:44ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242023-06-011410.3389/fimmu.2023.11878801187880Immune response of heterologous versus homologous prime-boost regimens with adenoviral vectored and mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised patientsChang Chu0Anne Schönbrunn1Dorothea Fischer2Yvonne Liu3Yvonne Liu4Johann-Georg Hocher5Jutta Weinerth6Kristin Klemm7Kristin Klemm8Volker von Baehr9Bernhard K. Krämer10Bernhard K. Krämer11Bernhard K. Krämer12Bernhard K. Krämer13Saban Elitok14Saban Elitok15Berthold Hocher16Berthold Hocher17Berthold Hocher18Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology/Pneumology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, GermanyInstitute of Medical Diagnostics, Institute of Medical Diagnostics (IMD) Berlin-Potsdam, Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Obstetrics, Ernst Von Bergmann Hospital Potsdam, Potsdam, GermanyFifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology/Pneumology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, GermanyCharité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, GermanyFifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology/Pneumology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, GermanyDepartment of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Ernst Von Bergmann Hospital Potsdam, Potsdam, GermanyFifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology/Pneumology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, GermanyDepartment of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Ernst Von Bergmann Hospital Potsdam, Potsdam, GermanyInstitute of Medical Diagnostics, Institute of Medical Diagnostics (IMD) Berlin-Potsdam, Berlin, GermanyFifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology/Pneumology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, GermanyEuropean Center for Angioscience ECAS, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, GermanyCenter for Preventive Medicine and Digital Health Baden-Württemberg (CPDBW), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, GermanyMannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, GermanyFifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology/Pneumology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, GermanyDepartment of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Ernst Von Bergmann Hospital Potsdam, Potsdam, GermanyFifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology/Pneumology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, GermanyInstitute of Medical Diagnostics, Institute of Medical Diagnostics (IMD) Berlin-Potsdam, Berlin, Germany0Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of China International Trust Investment Corporation (CITIC)-Xiangya, Changsha, ChinaDue to rare but major adverse reactions to the AstraZeneca adenoviral ChAdOx1-S-nCoV-19 vaccine (ChAd), German health authorities recommended adults under 60 who received one dose of ChAd, to receive a second dose of the BioNTech mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine (BNT) as a booster. Studies in the general population suggest an enhanced efficacy of the heterologous (ChAd-BNT) compared to the homologous (BNT-BNT) vaccination regimen. However, an analysis of the efficacy in patient populations with a high risk of severe COVID-19 due to acquired immunodeficiency is still missing. We therefore compared both vaccination regimens in healthy controls, patients with gynecological tumors after chemotherapy, patients on dialysis and patients with rheumatic diseases concerning the humoral and cellular immune response. The humoral and cellular immune response differed substantially in healthy controls compared to patients with acquired immunodeficiency. Overall, the most significant differences between the two immunization regimens were found in neutralizing antibodies. These were always higher after a heterologous immunization. Healthy controls responded well to both vaccination regimens. However, the formation of neutralizing antibodies was more pronounced after a heterologous immunization. Dialysis patients, on the other hand, only developed an adequate humoral and particularly cellular immune response after a heterologous immunization. Tumor and rheumatic patients also - to a weaker extent compared to dialysis patients - benefited from a heterologous immunization. In conclusion, the heterologous COVID-19 vaccination regimens (ChAd-BNT) seem to have an advantage over the homologous vaccination regimens, especially in immunocompromised patients such as patients with end-stage kidney disease treated with hemodialysis.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1187880/fullheterologous vaccinationhomologous vaccinationAstraZeneca adenoviral ChAdOx1-S-nCoV-19 vaccineBioNTech mRNA BNT162b2 vaccineimmune response |
| spellingShingle | Chang Chu Anne Schönbrunn Dorothea Fischer Yvonne Liu Yvonne Liu Johann-Georg Hocher Jutta Weinerth Kristin Klemm Kristin Klemm Volker von Baehr Bernhard K. Krämer Bernhard K. Krämer Bernhard K. Krämer Bernhard K. Krämer Saban Elitok Saban Elitok Berthold Hocher Berthold Hocher Berthold Hocher Immune response of heterologous versus homologous prime-boost regimens with adenoviral vectored and mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised patients Frontiers in Immunology heterologous vaccination homologous vaccination AstraZeneca adenoviral ChAdOx1-S-nCoV-19 vaccine BioNTech mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine immune response |
| title | Immune response of heterologous versus homologous prime-boost regimens with adenoviral vectored and mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised patients |
| title_full | Immune response of heterologous versus homologous prime-boost regimens with adenoviral vectored and mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised patients |
| title_fullStr | Immune response of heterologous versus homologous prime-boost regimens with adenoviral vectored and mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immune response of heterologous versus homologous prime-boost regimens with adenoviral vectored and mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised patients |
| title_short | Immune response of heterologous versus homologous prime-boost regimens with adenoviral vectored and mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised patients |
| title_sort | immune response of heterologous versus homologous prime boost regimens with adenoviral vectored and mrna covid 19 vaccines in immunocompromised patients |
| topic | heterologous vaccination homologous vaccination AstraZeneca adenoviral ChAdOx1-S-nCoV-19 vaccine BioNTech mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine immune response |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1187880/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT changchu immuneresponseofheterologousversushomologousprimeboostregimenswithadenoviralvectoredandmrnacovid19vaccinesinimmunocompromisedpatients AT anneschonbrunn immuneresponseofheterologousversushomologousprimeboostregimenswithadenoviralvectoredandmrnacovid19vaccinesinimmunocompromisedpatients AT dorotheafischer immuneresponseofheterologousversushomologousprimeboostregimenswithadenoviralvectoredandmrnacovid19vaccinesinimmunocompromisedpatients AT yvonneliu immuneresponseofheterologousversushomologousprimeboostregimenswithadenoviralvectoredandmrnacovid19vaccinesinimmunocompromisedpatients AT yvonneliu immuneresponseofheterologousversushomologousprimeboostregimenswithadenoviralvectoredandmrnacovid19vaccinesinimmunocompromisedpatients AT johanngeorghocher immuneresponseofheterologousversushomologousprimeboostregimenswithadenoviralvectoredandmrnacovid19vaccinesinimmunocompromisedpatients AT juttaweinerth immuneresponseofheterologousversushomologousprimeboostregimenswithadenoviralvectoredandmrnacovid19vaccinesinimmunocompromisedpatients AT kristinklemm immuneresponseofheterologousversushomologousprimeboostregimenswithadenoviralvectoredandmrnacovid19vaccinesinimmunocompromisedpatients AT kristinklemm immuneresponseofheterologousversushomologousprimeboostregimenswithadenoviralvectoredandmrnacovid19vaccinesinimmunocompromisedpatients AT volkervonbaehr immuneresponseofheterologousversushomologousprimeboostregimenswithadenoviralvectoredandmrnacovid19vaccinesinimmunocompromisedpatients AT bernhardkkramer immuneresponseofheterologousversushomologousprimeboostregimenswithadenoviralvectoredandmrnacovid19vaccinesinimmunocompromisedpatients AT bernhardkkramer immuneresponseofheterologousversushomologousprimeboostregimenswithadenoviralvectoredandmrnacovid19vaccinesinimmunocompromisedpatients AT bernhardkkramer immuneresponseofheterologousversushomologousprimeboostregimenswithadenoviralvectoredandmrnacovid19vaccinesinimmunocompromisedpatients AT bernhardkkramer immuneresponseofheterologousversushomologousprimeboostregimenswithadenoviralvectoredandmrnacovid19vaccinesinimmunocompromisedpatients AT sabanelitok immuneresponseofheterologousversushomologousprimeboostregimenswithadenoviralvectoredandmrnacovid19vaccinesinimmunocompromisedpatients AT sabanelitok immuneresponseofheterologousversushomologousprimeboostregimenswithadenoviralvectoredandmrnacovid19vaccinesinimmunocompromisedpatients AT bertholdhocher immuneresponseofheterologousversushomologousprimeboostregimenswithadenoviralvectoredandmrnacovid19vaccinesinimmunocompromisedpatients AT bertholdhocher immuneresponseofheterologousversushomologousprimeboostregimenswithadenoviralvectoredandmrnacovid19vaccinesinimmunocompromisedpatients AT bertholdhocher immuneresponseofheterologousversushomologousprimeboostregimenswithadenoviralvectoredandmrnacovid19vaccinesinimmunocompromisedpatients |