Optimizing Anthocyanin-Rich Black Cane (<em>Saccharum sinensis</em> Robx.) Silage for Ruminants Using Molasses and Iron Sulphate: A Sustainable Alternative
Anthocyanin-rich black cane (aBC) is a grass rich in lignin and carbohydrates, with an abundance of anthocyanins. Silages of aBC produced with molasses (MS) and/or ferrous sulphate (FS) mixtures may have beneficial effects on silage quality and animal performance in ruminants. However, the addition...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-05-01
|
| Series: | Fermentation |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/8/6/248 |
| _version_ | 1827660442345930752 |
|---|---|
| author | Ngo Thi Minh Suong Siwaporn Paengkoum Rayudika Aprilia Patindra Purba Pramote Paengkoum |
| author_facet | Ngo Thi Minh Suong Siwaporn Paengkoum Rayudika Aprilia Patindra Purba Pramote Paengkoum |
| author_sort | Ngo Thi Minh Suong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Anthocyanin-rich black cane (aBC) is a grass rich in lignin and carbohydrates, with an abundance of anthocyanins. Silages of aBC produced with molasses (MS) and/or ferrous sulphate (FS) mixtures may have beneficial effects on silage quality and animal performance in ruminants. However, the addition of MS and FS to ensiled grass is relatively unexplored. Therefore, this study systematically evaluated the effect of their administration at different doses to select an effective treatment to modulate the ensiling characteristics of aBC. In the first trial, fresh or pre-ensiled materials (PBC) were compared with ensiled PBC treated with: 0% MS 0% FS, 4% MS, 8% MS, 0.015% FS, 0.030% FS, 4% MS + 0.015% FS, 4% MS + 0.030% FS, 8% MS + 0.015% FS, and 8% MS + 0.030% FS on a fresh matter basis. The quality of ensiling characteristics was determined in laboratory-scale silos after 42 d of preservation. Based on these results, the second trial was further conducted in rumen cultures to ensure that the selected treatment would not impair rumen fermentation. For this, ruminal biogases, rumen fermentation profiles, and microbial communities were evaluated. Ensiled PBC with the incremental addition of MS and FS resulted in the observations for anthocyanin contents and the ensiling characteristics of the aBC silages. The combination of MS (4%) and FS (0.030%) incorporated into silages had the highest silage production effect among the experimental treatments. This combination demonstrated the sustainable mitigation of the ruminal biogases of methane and carbon dioxide without impairment of total gas production. Concurrently, this combination improved total volatile fatty acid concentrations, modulated cellulolytic bacteria, and suppressed methanogenic bacteria in rumen fluids. The results presented here indicated that addition of a mixture of 4% MS and 0.030% FS to aBC resulted in an optimal balance of ensiling characteristics and is suitable for use in ruminants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:50:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-97c703f35aa84f86a16b068d6dbcc39e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-5637 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:50:51Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fermentation |
| spelling | doaj.art-97c703f35aa84f86a16b068d6dbcc39e2023-11-23T16:34:37ZengMDPI AGFermentation2311-56372022-05-018624810.3390/fermentation8060248Optimizing Anthocyanin-Rich Black Cane (<em>Saccharum sinensis</em> Robx.) Silage for Ruminants Using Molasses and Iron Sulphate: A Sustainable AlternativeNgo Thi Minh Suong0Siwaporn Paengkoum1Rayudika Aprilia Patindra Purba2Pramote Paengkoum3School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Muang, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, ThailandProgram in Agriculture, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat University, Muang, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, ThailandSchool of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Muang, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, ThailandSchool of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Muang, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, ThailandAnthocyanin-rich black cane (aBC) is a grass rich in lignin and carbohydrates, with an abundance of anthocyanins. Silages of aBC produced with molasses (MS) and/or ferrous sulphate (FS) mixtures may have beneficial effects on silage quality and animal performance in ruminants. However, the addition of MS and FS to ensiled grass is relatively unexplored. Therefore, this study systematically evaluated the effect of their administration at different doses to select an effective treatment to modulate the ensiling characteristics of aBC. In the first trial, fresh or pre-ensiled materials (PBC) were compared with ensiled PBC treated with: 0% MS 0% FS, 4% MS, 8% MS, 0.015% FS, 0.030% FS, 4% MS + 0.015% FS, 4% MS + 0.030% FS, 8% MS + 0.015% FS, and 8% MS + 0.030% FS on a fresh matter basis. The quality of ensiling characteristics was determined in laboratory-scale silos after 42 d of preservation. Based on these results, the second trial was further conducted in rumen cultures to ensure that the selected treatment would not impair rumen fermentation. For this, ruminal biogases, rumen fermentation profiles, and microbial communities were evaluated. Ensiled PBC with the incremental addition of MS and FS resulted in the observations for anthocyanin contents and the ensiling characteristics of the aBC silages. The combination of MS (4%) and FS (0.030%) incorporated into silages had the highest silage production effect among the experimental treatments. This combination demonstrated the sustainable mitigation of the ruminal biogases of methane and carbon dioxide without impairment of total gas production. Concurrently, this combination improved total volatile fatty acid concentrations, modulated cellulolytic bacteria, and suppressed methanogenic bacteria in rumen fluids. The results presented here indicated that addition of a mixture of 4% MS and 0.030% FS to aBC resulted in an optimal balance of ensiling characteristics and is suitable for use in ruminants.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/8/6/248anthocyaninbiogasfermentationmolassesferrous sulphateruminant |
| spellingShingle | Ngo Thi Minh Suong Siwaporn Paengkoum Rayudika Aprilia Patindra Purba Pramote Paengkoum Optimizing Anthocyanin-Rich Black Cane (<em>Saccharum sinensis</em> Robx.) Silage for Ruminants Using Molasses and Iron Sulphate: A Sustainable Alternative Fermentation anthocyanin biogas fermentation molasses ferrous sulphate ruminant |
| title | Optimizing Anthocyanin-Rich Black Cane (<em>Saccharum sinensis</em> Robx.) Silage for Ruminants Using Molasses and Iron Sulphate: A Sustainable Alternative |
| title_full | Optimizing Anthocyanin-Rich Black Cane (<em>Saccharum sinensis</em> Robx.) Silage for Ruminants Using Molasses and Iron Sulphate: A Sustainable Alternative |
| title_fullStr | Optimizing Anthocyanin-Rich Black Cane (<em>Saccharum sinensis</em> Robx.) Silage for Ruminants Using Molasses and Iron Sulphate: A Sustainable Alternative |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimizing Anthocyanin-Rich Black Cane (<em>Saccharum sinensis</em> Robx.) Silage for Ruminants Using Molasses and Iron Sulphate: A Sustainable Alternative |
| title_short | Optimizing Anthocyanin-Rich Black Cane (<em>Saccharum sinensis</em> Robx.) Silage for Ruminants Using Molasses and Iron Sulphate: A Sustainable Alternative |
| title_sort | optimizing anthocyanin rich black cane em saccharum sinensis em robx silage for ruminants using molasses and iron sulphate a sustainable alternative |
| topic | anthocyanin biogas fermentation molasses ferrous sulphate ruminant |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/8/6/248 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ngothiminhsuong optimizinganthocyaninrichblackcaneemsaccharumsinensisemrobxsilageforruminantsusingmolassesandironsulphateasustainablealternative AT siwapornpaengkoum optimizinganthocyaninrichblackcaneemsaccharumsinensisemrobxsilageforruminantsusingmolassesandironsulphateasustainablealternative AT rayudikaapriliapatindrapurba optimizinganthocyaninrichblackcaneemsaccharumsinensisemrobxsilageforruminantsusingmolassesandironsulphateasustainablealternative AT pramotepaengkoum optimizinganthocyaninrichblackcaneemsaccharumsinensisemrobxsilageforruminantsusingmolassesandironsulphateasustainablealternative |