Tuning between Nuclear Organization and Functionality in Health and Disease
The organization of eukaryotic genome in the nucleus, a double-membraned organelle separated from the cytoplasm, is highly complex and dynamic. The functional architecture of the nucleus is confined by the layers of internal and cytoplasmic elements, including chromatin organization, nuclear envelop...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/5/706 |
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| author | Naresh Kumar Manda Upendarrao Golla Kishore Sesham Parth Desai Shrushti Joshi Satyam Patel Sharada Nalla Susmitha Kondam Lakhwinder Singh Deepak Dewansh Hemalatha Manda Namita Rokana |
| author_facet | Naresh Kumar Manda Upendarrao Golla Kishore Sesham Parth Desai Shrushti Joshi Satyam Patel Sharada Nalla Susmitha Kondam Lakhwinder Singh Deepak Dewansh Hemalatha Manda Namita Rokana |
| author_sort | Naresh Kumar Manda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The organization of eukaryotic genome in the nucleus, a double-membraned organelle separated from the cytoplasm, is highly complex and dynamic. The functional architecture of the nucleus is confined by the layers of internal and cytoplasmic elements, including chromatin organization, nuclear envelope associated proteome and transport, nuclear–cytoskeletal contacts, and the mechano-regulatory signaling cascades. The size and morphology of the nucleus could impose a significant impact on nuclear mechanics, chromatin organization, gene expression, cell functionality and disease development. The maintenance of nuclear organization during genetic or physical perturbation is crucial for the viability and lifespan of the cell. Abnormal nuclear envelope morphologies, such as invagination and blebbing, have functional implications in several human disorders, including cancer, accelerated aging, thyroid disorders, and different types of neuro-muscular diseases. Despite the evident interplay between nuclear structure and nuclear function, our knowledge about the underlying molecular mechanisms for regulation of nuclear morphology and cell functionality during health and illness is rather poor. This review highlights the essential nuclear, cellular, and extracellular components that govern the organization of nuclei and functional consequences associated with nuclear morphometric aberrations. Finally, we discuss the recent developments with diagnostic and therapeutic implications targeting nuclear morphology in health and disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:28:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-97cf3273d7864d2bbc0c589185b96b98 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:28:56Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-97cf3273d7864d2bbc0c589185b96b982023-11-17T07:27:05ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092023-02-0112570610.3390/cells12050706Tuning between Nuclear Organization and Functionality in Health and DiseaseNaresh Kumar Manda0Upendarrao Golla1Kishore Sesham2Parth Desai3Shrushti Joshi4Satyam Patel5Sharada Nalla6Susmitha Kondam7Lakhwinder Singh8Deepak Dewansh9Hemalatha Manda10Namita Rokana11Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, IndiaDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USADepartment of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Mangalagiri 522503, IndiaDepartment of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27401, USASchool of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New ZealandDepartment of Biological Sciences, School of Science Engineering and Technology, Penn State Harrisburg, Middletown, PA 17057, USAFaculty of Pharmacy, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palamuru University, Mahabubnagar 509001, IndiaFaculty of Pharmacy, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palamuru University, Mahabubnagar 509001, IndiaDepartment of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana 141004, IndiaDepartment of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana 141004, IndiaDepartment of Tourism Management, Vikrama Simhapuri University, Nellore 524324, IndiaDepartment of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana 141004, IndiaThe organization of eukaryotic genome in the nucleus, a double-membraned organelle separated from the cytoplasm, is highly complex and dynamic. The functional architecture of the nucleus is confined by the layers of internal and cytoplasmic elements, including chromatin organization, nuclear envelope associated proteome and transport, nuclear–cytoskeletal contacts, and the mechano-regulatory signaling cascades. The size and morphology of the nucleus could impose a significant impact on nuclear mechanics, chromatin organization, gene expression, cell functionality and disease development. The maintenance of nuclear organization during genetic or physical perturbation is crucial for the viability and lifespan of the cell. Abnormal nuclear envelope morphologies, such as invagination and blebbing, have functional implications in several human disorders, including cancer, accelerated aging, thyroid disorders, and different types of neuro-muscular diseases. Despite the evident interplay between nuclear structure and nuclear function, our knowledge about the underlying molecular mechanisms for regulation of nuclear morphology and cell functionality during health and illness is rather poor. This review highlights the essential nuclear, cellular, and extracellular components that govern the organization of nuclei and functional consequences associated with nuclear morphometric aberrations. Finally, we discuss the recent developments with diagnostic and therapeutic implications targeting nuclear morphology in health and disease.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/5/706nuclear shape regulationnuclear size regulationnuclear envelope proteinsnucleophagynuclear laminsnucleopathy |
| spellingShingle | Naresh Kumar Manda Upendarrao Golla Kishore Sesham Parth Desai Shrushti Joshi Satyam Patel Sharada Nalla Susmitha Kondam Lakhwinder Singh Deepak Dewansh Hemalatha Manda Namita Rokana Tuning between Nuclear Organization and Functionality in Health and Disease Cells nuclear shape regulation nuclear size regulation nuclear envelope proteins nucleophagy nuclear lamins nucleopathy |
| title | Tuning between Nuclear Organization and Functionality in Health and Disease |
| title_full | Tuning between Nuclear Organization and Functionality in Health and Disease |
| title_fullStr | Tuning between Nuclear Organization and Functionality in Health and Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tuning between Nuclear Organization and Functionality in Health and Disease |
| title_short | Tuning between Nuclear Organization and Functionality in Health and Disease |
| title_sort | tuning between nuclear organization and functionality in health and disease |
| topic | nuclear shape regulation nuclear size regulation nuclear envelope proteins nucleophagy nuclear lamins nucleopathy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/5/706 |
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