The Effects of Monomer, Crosslinking Agent, and Filler Concentrations on the Viscoelastic and Swelling Properties of Poly(methacrylic acid) Hydrogels: A Comparison
The present work aims at comparatively studying the effects of the concentrations of a monomer (10–30 wt% based on the whole hydrogel composition), crosslinking agent (1–3 mol% based on the monomer), and reinforcing agent (montmorillonite-MMT, 1–3 wt.% based on the whole hydrogel composition) on the...
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/9/2305 |
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| author | Claudia Mihaela Ninciuleanu Raluca Ianchiş Elvira Alexandrescu Cătălin Ionuţ Mihăescu Cristina Scomoroşcenco Cristina Lavinia Nistor Silviu Preda Cristian Petcu Mircea Teodorescu |
| author_facet | Claudia Mihaela Ninciuleanu Raluca Ianchiş Elvira Alexandrescu Cătălin Ionuţ Mihăescu Cristina Scomoroşcenco Cristina Lavinia Nistor Silviu Preda Cristian Petcu Mircea Teodorescu |
| author_sort | Claudia Mihaela Ninciuleanu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The present work aims at comparatively studying the effects of the concentrations of a monomer (10–30 wt% based on the whole hydrogel composition), crosslinking agent (1–3 mol% based on the monomer), and reinforcing agent (montmorillonite-MMT, 1–3 wt.% based on the whole hydrogel composition) on the swelling and viscoelastic properties of the crosslinked hydrogels prepared from methacrylic acid (MAA) and N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide (BIS) in the presence of K<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub> in aqueous solution. The viscoelastic measurements, carried out on the as-prepared hydrogels, showed that the monomer concentration had the largest impact, its three-time enhancement causing a 30-fold increase in the storage modulus, as compared with only a fivefold increase in the case of the crosslinking agent and 1.5-fold increase for MMT in response to a similar threefold concentration increase. Swelling studies, performed at three pH values, revealed that the water absorption of the hydrogels decreased with increasing concentration of both the monomer and crosslinking agent, with the amplitude of the effect of concentration modification being similar at pH 5.4 and 7.4 in both cases, but very different at pH 1.2. Further, it was shown that the increased pH differently influenced the swelling degree in the case of the hydrogel series in which the concentrations of the monomer and crosslinking agent were varied. In contrast to the effect of the monomer and crosslinking agent concentrations, the increase in the MMT amount in the hydrogel resulted in an increased swelling degree at pH 5.4 and 7.4, while at pH 1.2, a slight decrease in the water absorption was noticed. The hydrogel crosslinking density determinations revealed that this parameter was most affected by the increase in the monomer concentration. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:50:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-97d4c0f30ab149dc8d50f7199a799a1a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:50:20Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-97d4c0f30ab149dc8d50f7199a799a1a2023-11-21T17:43:59ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442021-04-01149230510.3390/ma14092305The Effects of Monomer, Crosslinking Agent, and Filler Concentrations on the Viscoelastic and Swelling Properties of Poly(methacrylic acid) Hydrogels: A ComparisonClaudia Mihaela Ninciuleanu0Raluca Ianchiş1Elvira Alexandrescu2Cătălin Ionuţ Mihăescu3Cristina Scomoroşcenco4Cristina Lavinia Nistor5Silviu Preda6Cristian Petcu7Mircea Teodorescu8National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, Spl. Independentei 202, 060021 Bucharest, RomaniaNational Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, Spl. Independentei 202, 060021 Bucharest, RomaniaNational Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, Spl. Independentei 202, 060021 Bucharest, RomaniaNational Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, Spl. Independentei 202, 060021 Bucharest, RomaniaNational Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, Spl. Independentei 202, 060021 Bucharest, RomaniaNational Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, Spl. Independentei 202, 060021 Bucharest, RomaniaInstitute of Physical Chemistry “Ilie Murgulescu”, Romanian Academy, Spl. Independentei 202, 6th District, P.O. Box 194, 060021 Bucharest, RomaniaNational Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, Spl. Independentei 202, 060021 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Bioresources and Polymer Science, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, RomaniaThe present work aims at comparatively studying the effects of the concentrations of a monomer (10–30 wt% based on the whole hydrogel composition), crosslinking agent (1–3 mol% based on the monomer), and reinforcing agent (montmorillonite-MMT, 1–3 wt.% based on the whole hydrogel composition) on the swelling and viscoelastic properties of the crosslinked hydrogels prepared from methacrylic acid (MAA) and N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide (BIS) in the presence of K<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub> in aqueous solution. The viscoelastic measurements, carried out on the as-prepared hydrogels, showed that the monomer concentration had the largest impact, its three-time enhancement causing a 30-fold increase in the storage modulus, as compared with only a fivefold increase in the case of the crosslinking agent and 1.5-fold increase for MMT in response to a similar threefold concentration increase. Swelling studies, performed at three pH values, revealed that the water absorption of the hydrogels decreased with increasing concentration of both the monomer and crosslinking agent, with the amplitude of the effect of concentration modification being similar at pH 5.4 and 7.4 in both cases, but very different at pH 1.2. Further, it was shown that the increased pH differently influenced the swelling degree in the case of the hydrogel series in which the concentrations of the monomer and crosslinking agent were varied. In contrast to the effect of the monomer and crosslinking agent concentrations, the increase in the MMT amount in the hydrogel resulted in an increased swelling degree at pH 5.4 and 7.4, while at pH 1.2, a slight decrease in the water absorption was noticed. The hydrogel crosslinking density determinations revealed that this parameter was most affected by the increase in the monomer concentration.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/9/2305poly(methacrylic acid)composite hydrogelsviscoelastic propertiesswelling degreeconcentration effects |
| spellingShingle | Claudia Mihaela Ninciuleanu Raluca Ianchiş Elvira Alexandrescu Cătălin Ionuţ Mihăescu Cristina Scomoroşcenco Cristina Lavinia Nistor Silviu Preda Cristian Petcu Mircea Teodorescu The Effects of Monomer, Crosslinking Agent, and Filler Concentrations on the Viscoelastic and Swelling Properties of Poly(methacrylic acid) Hydrogels: A Comparison Materials poly(methacrylic acid) composite hydrogels viscoelastic properties swelling degree concentration effects |
| title | The Effects of Monomer, Crosslinking Agent, and Filler Concentrations on the Viscoelastic and Swelling Properties of Poly(methacrylic acid) Hydrogels: A Comparison |
| title_full | The Effects of Monomer, Crosslinking Agent, and Filler Concentrations on the Viscoelastic and Swelling Properties of Poly(methacrylic acid) Hydrogels: A Comparison |
| title_fullStr | The Effects of Monomer, Crosslinking Agent, and Filler Concentrations on the Viscoelastic and Swelling Properties of Poly(methacrylic acid) Hydrogels: A Comparison |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effects of Monomer, Crosslinking Agent, and Filler Concentrations on the Viscoelastic and Swelling Properties of Poly(methacrylic acid) Hydrogels: A Comparison |
| title_short | The Effects of Monomer, Crosslinking Agent, and Filler Concentrations on the Viscoelastic and Swelling Properties of Poly(methacrylic acid) Hydrogels: A Comparison |
| title_sort | effects of monomer crosslinking agent and filler concentrations on the viscoelastic and swelling properties of poly methacrylic acid hydrogels a comparison |
| topic | poly(methacrylic acid) composite hydrogels viscoelastic properties swelling degree concentration effects |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/9/2305 |
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