Statistical Approach to Assess Chill and Heat Requirements of Olive Tree Based on Flowering Date and Temperatures Data: Towards Selection of Adapted Cultivars to Global Warming
Delineating chilling and forcing periods is one of the challenging topics in understanding how temperatures drive the timing of budburst and bloom in fruit tree species. Here, we investigated this question on olive trees, using flowering data collected over six years on 331 cultivars in the worldwid...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/12/2975 |
| _version_ | 1797461912931270656 |
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| author | Omar Abou-Saaid Adnane El Yaacoubi Abdelmajid Moukhli Ahmed El Bakkali Sara Oulbi Magalie Delalande Isabelle Farrera Jean-Jacques Kelner Sylvia Lochon-Menseau Cherkaoui El Modafar Hayat Zaher Bouchaib Khadari |
| author_facet | Omar Abou-Saaid Adnane El Yaacoubi Abdelmajid Moukhli Ahmed El Bakkali Sara Oulbi Magalie Delalande Isabelle Farrera Jean-Jacques Kelner Sylvia Lochon-Menseau Cherkaoui El Modafar Hayat Zaher Bouchaib Khadari |
| author_sort | Omar Abou-Saaid |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Delineating chilling and forcing periods is one of the challenging topics in understanding how temperatures drive the timing of budburst and bloom in fruit tree species. Here, we investigated this question on olive trees, using flowering data collected over six years on 331 cultivars in the worldwide collection of Marrakech, Morocco. Using a Partial Least Squares approach on a long-term phenology (29 years) of ‘Picholine Marocaine’ cultivar, we showed that the relevance of delineating the chilling and forcing periods depends more on the variability of inter-annual temperatures than on the long-term datasets. In fact, chilling and forcing periods are similar between those delineated by using datasets of 29 years and those of only 6 years (2014–2019). We demonstrated that the variability of inter-annual temperatures is the main factor explaining this pattern. We then used the datasets of six years to assess the chill and heat requirements of 285 cultivars. We classified Mediterranean olive cultivars into four groups according to their chill requirements. Our results, using the Kriging interpolation method, indicated that flowering dates of most of these cultivars (92%) were governed by both chilling and forcing temperatures. Our investigations provided first insights to select adapted cultivars to global warming. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:26:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-97e0892c9913462c9e3f1aa0befdefe0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:26:10Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-97e0892c9913462c9e3f1aa0befdefe02023-11-24T12:44:15ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-11-011212297510.3390/agronomy12122975Statistical Approach to Assess Chill and Heat Requirements of Olive Tree Based on Flowering Date and Temperatures Data: Towards Selection of Adapted Cultivars to Global WarmingOmar Abou-Saaid0Adnane El Yaacoubi1Abdelmajid Moukhli2Ahmed El Bakkali3Sara Oulbi4Magalie Delalande5Isabelle Farrera6Jean-Jacques Kelner7Sylvia Lochon-Menseau8Cherkaoui El Modafar9Hayat Zaher10Bouchaib Khadari11INRA, UR Amélioration des Plantes, Marrakech 40005, MoroccoEcole Supérieur de Technologie, Université Sultan Moulay Slimane, Khenifra 54006, MoroccoINRA, UR Amélioration des Plantes, Marrakech 40005, MoroccoINRA, UR Amélioration des Plantes et Conservation des Ressources Phytogénétiques, Meknes 50102, MoroccoINRA, UR Amélioration des Plantes, Marrakech 40005, MoroccoAGAP Institut, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Institut Agro, 34398 Montpellier, FranceAGAP Institut, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Institut Agro, 34398 Montpellier, FranceAGAP Institut, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Institut Agro, 34398 Montpellier, FranceConservatoire Botanique National Méditerranéen de Porquerolles (CBNMed), 83400 Hyères, FranceCentre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, URL-CNRST 05, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech 40010, MoroccoINRA, UR Amélioration des Plantes, Marrakech 40005, MoroccoAGAP Institut, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Institut Agro, 34398 Montpellier, FranceDelineating chilling and forcing periods is one of the challenging topics in understanding how temperatures drive the timing of budburst and bloom in fruit tree species. Here, we investigated this question on olive trees, using flowering data collected over six years on 331 cultivars in the worldwide collection of Marrakech, Morocco. Using a Partial Least Squares approach on a long-term phenology (29 years) of ‘Picholine Marocaine’ cultivar, we showed that the relevance of delineating the chilling and forcing periods depends more on the variability of inter-annual temperatures than on the long-term datasets. In fact, chilling and forcing periods are similar between those delineated by using datasets of 29 years and those of only 6 years (2014–2019). We demonstrated that the variability of inter-annual temperatures is the main factor explaining this pattern. We then used the datasets of six years to assess the chill and heat requirements of 285 cultivars. We classified Mediterranean olive cultivars into four groups according to their chill requirements. Our results, using the Kriging interpolation method, indicated that flowering dates of most of these cultivars (92%) were governed by both chilling and forcing temperatures. Our investigations provided first insights to select adapted cultivars to global warming.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/12/2975<i>Olea europaea</i> L.flowering datapartial least squares regressiondynamic modelchill requirementsclimate change |
| spellingShingle | Omar Abou-Saaid Adnane El Yaacoubi Abdelmajid Moukhli Ahmed El Bakkali Sara Oulbi Magalie Delalande Isabelle Farrera Jean-Jacques Kelner Sylvia Lochon-Menseau Cherkaoui El Modafar Hayat Zaher Bouchaib Khadari Statistical Approach to Assess Chill and Heat Requirements of Olive Tree Based on Flowering Date and Temperatures Data: Towards Selection of Adapted Cultivars to Global Warming Agronomy <i>Olea europaea</i> L. flowering data partial least squares regression dynamic model chill requirements climate change |
| title | Statistical Approach to Assess Chill and Heat Requirements of Olive Tree Based on Flowering Date and Temperatures Data: Towards Selection of Adapted Cultivars to Global Warming |
| title_full | Statistical Approach to Assess Chill and Heat Requirements of Olive Tree Based on Flowering Date and Temperatures Data: Towards Selection of Adapted Cultivars to Global Warming |
| title_fullStr | Statistical Approach to Assess Chill and Heat Requirements of Olive Tree Based on Flowering Date and Temperatures Data: Towards Selection of Adapted Cultivars to Global Warming |
| title_full_unstemmed | Statistical Approach to Assess Chill and Heat Requirements of Olive Tree Based on Flowering Date and Temperatures Data: Towards Selection of Adapted Cultivars to Global Warming |
| title_short | Statistical Approach to Assess Chill and Heat Requirements of Olive Tree Based on Flowering Date and Temperatures Data: Towards Selection of Adapted Cultivars to Global Warming |
| title_sort | statistical approach to assess chill and heat requirements of olive tree based on flowering date and temperatures data towards selection of adapted cultivars to global warming |
| topic | <i>Olea europaea</i> L. flowering data partial least squares regression dynamic model chill requirements climate change |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/12/2975 |
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