Downregulation of Squalene Synthase Broadly Impacts Isoprenoid Biosynthesis in Guayule
Production of natural rubber by <i>Parthenium argentaum</i> (guayule) requires increased yield for economic sustainability. An RNAi gene silencing strategy was used to engineer isoprenoid biosynthesis by downregulation of squalene synthase (SQS), such that the pool of farnesyl diphosphat...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Metabolites |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/12/4/303 |
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| author | Dante Placido Niu Dong Bashar Amer Chen Dong Grisel Ponciano Talwinder Kahlon Maureen Whalen Edward E. K. Baidoo Colleen McMahan |
| author_facet | Dante Placido Niu Dong Bashar Amer Chen Dong Grisel Ponciano Talwinder Kahlon Maureen Whalen Edward E. K. Baidoo Colleen McMahan |
| author_sort | Dante Placido |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Production of natural rubber by <i>Parthenium argentaum</i> (guayule) requires increased yield for economic sustainability. An RNAi gene silencing strategy was used to engineer isoprenoid biosynthesis by downregulation of squalene synthase (SQS), such that the pool of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) substrate might instead be available to initiate natural rubber synthesis. Downregulation of SQS resulted in significantly reduced squalene and slightly increased rubber, but not in the same tissues nor to the same extent, partially due to an apparent negative feedback regulatory mechanism that downregulated mevalonate pathway isoprenoid production, presumably associated with excess geranyl pyrophosphate levels. A detailed metabolomics analysis of isoprenoid production in guayule revealed significant differences in metabolism in different tissues, including in active mevalonate and methylerythritol phosphate pathways in stem tissue, where rubber and squalene accumulate. New insights and strategies for engineering isoprenoid production in guayule were identified. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:32:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-97fb625bad024c5f92840a298092b2fa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-1989 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:32:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metabolites |
| spelling | doaj.art-97fb625bad024c5f92840a298092b2fa2023-12-01T21:13:33ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892022-03-0112430310.3390/metabo12040303Downregulation of Squalene Synthase Broadly Impacts Isoprenoid Biosynthesis in GuayuleDante Placido0Niu Dong1Bashar Amer2Chen Dong3Grisel Ponciano4Talwinder Kahlon5Maureen Whalen6Edward E. K. Baidoo7Colleen McMahan8Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USAWestern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USAJoint Bioenergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, USAWestern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USAWestern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USAWestern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USAWestern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USAJoint Bioenergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, USAWestern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USAProduction of natural rubber by <i>Parthenium argentaum</i> (guayule) requires increased yield for economic sustainability. An RNAi gene silencing strategy was used to engineer isoprenoid biosynthesis by downregulation of squalene synthase (SQS), such that the pool of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) substrate might instead be available to initiate natural rubber synthesis. Downregulation of SQS resulted in significantly reduced squalene and slightly increased rubber, but not in the same tissues nor to the same extent, partially due to an apparent negative feedback regulatory mechanism that downregulated mevalonate pathway isoprenoid production, presumably associated with excess geranyl pyrophosphate levels. A detailed metabolomics analysis of isoprenoid production in guayule revealed significant differences in metabolism in different tissues, including in active mevalonate and methylerythritol phosphate pathways in stem tissue, where rubber and squalene accumulate. New insights and strategies for engineering isoprenoid production in guayule were identified.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/12/4/303<i>Parthenum argentatum</i>guayulesqualene synthasesqualenenatural rubber |
| spellingShingle | Dante Placido Niu Dong Bashar Amer Chen Dong Grisel Ponciano Talwinder Kahlon Maureen Whalen Edward E. K. Baidoo Colleen McMahan Downregulation of Squalene Synthase Broadly Impacts Isoprenoid Biosynthesis in Guayule Metabolites <i>Parthenum argentatum</i> guayule squalene synthase squalene natural rubber |
| title | Downregulation of Squalene Synthase Broadly Impacts Isoprenoid Biosynthesis in Guayule |
| title_full | Downregulation of Squalene Synthase Broadly Impacts Isoprenoid Biosynthesis in Guayule |
| title_fullStr | Downregulation of Squalene Synthase Broadly Impacts Isoprenoid Biosynthesis in Guayule |
| title_full_unstemmed | Downregulation of Squalene Synthase Broadly Impacts Isoprenoid Biosynthesis in Guayule |
| title_short | Downregulation of Squalene Synthase Broadly Impacts Isoprenoid Biosynthesis in Guayule |
| title_sort | downregulation of squalene synthase broadly impacts isoprenoid biosynthesis in guayule |
| topic | <i>Parthenum argentatum</i> guayule squalene synthase squalene natural rubber |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/12/4/303 |
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