Synthesis, Structure, and UV–Vis Characterization of Antimony(III) Phthalocyanine: [(SbPc)<sub>2</sub>(Sb<sub>2</sub>I<sub>8</sub>)(SbBr<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>2</sub>
A new antimony(III)–phthalocyanine complex with the formula of [(SbPc)<sub>2</sub>(Sb<sub>2</sub>I<sub>8</sub>)(SbBr<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>2</sub> has been obtained in the reaction of pure antimony powder with phthalonitrile under the oxidation...
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/6/1839 |
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| author | Ryszard Kubiak Jan Janczak |
| author_facet | Ryszard Kubiak Jan Janczak |
| author_sort | Ryszard Kubiak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A new antimony(III)–phthalocyanine complex with the formula of [(SbPc)<sub>2</sub>(Sb<sub>2</sub>I<sub>8</sub>)(SbBr<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>2</sub> has been obtained in the reaction of pure antimony powder with phthalonitrile under the oxidation conditions by iodine monobromide vapors. The complex crystallizes in the centrosymmetric space group of the triclinic system. Both independent (SbPc)<sup>+</sup> units exhibit non-planar conformation, since the Sb(III) is larger than the equilibrium cavity size of the ring and cannot be accommodated without its expansion; thus, the metal protrudes out of the cavity, forming a saucer shape. The centrosymmetric anionic unit of the crystal consists of two (Sb<sub>2</sub>I<sub>8</sub>)<sup>2−</sup> interacted anionic units forming (Sb<sub>4</sub>I<sub>16</sub>)<sup>4−</sup> anionic complex that interacts with two SbBr<sub>3</sub> molecules to form [Sb<sub>6</sub>I<sub>16</sub>Br<sub>6</sub>]<sup>4−</sup> anionic aggregate. Each [Sb<sub>6</sub>I<sub>16</sub>Br<sub>6</sub>]<sup>4−</sup> anionic aggregate is surrounded by four (SbPc)<sup>+</sup> cations forming a supramolecular centrosymmetric (SbPc)<sub>4</sub>[Sb<sub>6</sub>I<sub>16</sub>Br<sub>6</sub>] complex. Translationally related (SbPc)<sub>4</sub>[Sb<sub>6</sub>I<sub>16</sub>Br<sub>6</sub>] molecules form a stacking structure along the [100] and [011] directions with N<sub>4</sub>–N<sub>4</sub> distances of 3.55 and 3.53 Å, respectively, between the back-to-back-oriented saucer-shaped (SbPc)<sup>+</sup> units. The interaction between the building units of the crystal was analyzed using the Hirshfeld surface and the analysis of the 2D fingerprint plots. The UV–Vis absorption spectra of crystal <b>1</b> were taken in CH<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub> and toluene solutions in the concentration range from 10<sup>−5</sup> to 10<sup>−6</sup> mol/L. No significant changes related to aggregation in solutions were observed. The Q-band in toluene solution is red shifted by ~15 nm in comparison to that in CH<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub> solution. Oxidation of (SbPc)<sub>4</sub>[Sb<sub>6</sub>I<sub>16</sub>Br<sub>6</sub>] yields Sb<sup>V</sup>Pc derivative. Both Sb<sup>III</sup> and Sb<sup>V</sup> phthalocyanine derivatives absorb near infrared light (600–900 nm), which should be intriguing from the point of view of potential use as photosensitizers for PDT and as an infrared cut filter for plasma display and silicon photodiodes. |
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| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-98087900b82a4cafb9657fcfbccb1c582023-11-30T21:42:00ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-03-01276183910.3390/molecules27061839Synthesis, Structure, and UV–Vis Characterization of Antimony(III) Phthalocyanine: [(SbPc)<sub>2</sub>(Sb<sub>2</sub>I<sub>8</sub>)(SbBr<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>2</sub>Ryszard Kubiak0Jan Janczak1Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okólna 2, 50-422 Wrocław, PolandInstitute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okólna 2, 50-422 Wrocław, PolandA new antimony(III)–phthalocyanine complex with the formula of [(SbPc)<sub>2</sub>(Sb<sub>2</sub>I<sub>8</sub>)(SbBr<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>2</sub> has been obtained in the reaction of pure antimony powder with phthalonitrile under the oxidation conditions by iodine monobromide vapors. The complex crystallizes in the centrosymmetric space group of the triclinic system. Both independent (SbPc)<sup>+</sup> units exhibit non-planar conformation, since the Sb(III) is larger than the equilibrium cavity size of the ring and cannot be accommodated without its expansion; thus, the metal protrudes out of the cavity, forming a saucer shape. The centrosymmetric anionic unit of the crystal consists of two (Sb<sub>2</sub>I<sub>8</sub>)<sup>2−</sup> interacted anionic units forming (Sb<sub>4</sub>I<sub>16</sub>)<sup>4−</sup> anionic complex that interacts with two SbBr<sub>3</sub> molecules to form [Sb<sub>6</sub>I<sub>16</sub>Br<sub>6</sub>]<sup>4−</sup> anionic aggregate. Each [Sb<sub>6</sub>I<sub>16</sub>Br<sub>6</sub>]<sup>4−</sup> anionic aggregate is surrounded by four (SbPc)<sup>+</sup> cations forming a supramolecular centrosymmetric (SbPc)<sub>4</sub>[Sb<sub>6</sub>I<sub>16</sub>Br<sub>6</sub>] complex. Translationally related (SbPc)<sub>4</sub>[Sb<sub>6</sub>I<sub>16</sub>Br<sub>6</sub>] molecules form a stacking structure along the [100] and [011] directions with N<sub>4</sub>–N<sub>4</sub> distances of 3.55 and 3.53 Å, respectively, between the back-to-back-oriented saucer-shaped (SbPc)<sup>+</sup> units. The interaction between the building units of the crystal was analyzed using the Hirshfeld surface and the analysis of the 2D fingerprint plots. The UV–Vis absorption spectra of crystal <b>1</b> were taken in CH<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub> and toluene solutions in the concentration range from 10<sup>−5</sup> to 10<sup>−6</sup> mol/L. No significant changes related to aggregation in solutions were observed. The Q-band in toluene solution is red shifted by ~15 nm in comparison to that in CH<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub> solution. Oxidation of (SbPc)<sub>4</sub>[Sb<sub>6</sub>I<sub>16</sub>Br<sub>6</sub>] yields Sb<sup>V</sup>Pc derivative. Both Sb<sup>III</sup> and Sb<sup>V</sup> phthalocyanine derivatives absorb near infrared light (600–900 nm), which should be intriguing from the point of view of potential use as photosensitizers for PDT and as an infrared cut filter for plasma display and silicon photodiodes.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/6/1839antimony(III) phthalocyaninecrystal structureHirshfeld surfaceoxidationUV–Vis spectroscopy |
| spellingShingle | Ryszard Kubiak Jan Janczak Synthesis, Structure, and UV–Vis Characterization of Antimony(III) Phthalocyanine: [(SbPc)<sub>2</sub>(Sb<sub>2</sub>I<sub>8</sub>)(SbBr<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>2</sub> Molecules antimony(III) phthalocyanine crystal structure Hirshfeld surface oxidation UV–Vis spectroscopy |
| title | Synthesis, Structure, and UV–Vis Characterization of Antimony(III) Phthalocyanine: [(SbPc)<sub>2</sub>(Sb<sub>2</sub>I<sub>8</sub>)(SbBr<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>2</sub> |
| title_full | Synthesis, Structure, and UV–Vis Characterization of Antimony(III) Phthalocyanine: [(SbPc)<sub>2</sub>(Sb<sub>2</sub>I<sub>8</sub>)(SbBr<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>2</sub> |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis, Structure, and UV–Vis Characterization of Antimony(III) Phthalocyanine: [(SbPc)<sub>2</sub>(Sb<sub>2</sub>I<sub>8</sub>)(SbBr<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>2</sub> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis, Structure, and UV–Vis Characterization of Antimony(III) Phthalocyanine: [(SbPc)<sub>2</sub>(Sb<sub>2</sub>I<sub>8</sub>)(SbBr<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>2</sub> |
| title_short | Synthesis, Structure, and UV–Vis Characterization of Antimony(III) Phthalocyanine: [(SbPc)<sub>2</sub>(Sb<sub>2</sub>I<sub>8</sub>)(SbBr<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>2</sub> |
| title_sort | synthesis structure and uv vis characterization of antimony iii phthalocyanine sbpc sub 2 sub sb sub 2 sub i sub 8 sub sbbr sub 3 sub sub 2 sub |
| topic | antimony(III) phthalocyanine crystal structure Hirshfeld surface oxidation UV–Vis spectroscopy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/6/1839 |
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