Remediation of Leachate-Metal-Contaminated Soil Using Selected Bacterial Consortia
Approximately 95% of urban solid waste worldwide is disposed of in landfills. About 14 million metric tonnes of this municipal solid waste are disposed of in landfills every year in Malaysia, illustrating the importance of landfills. Landfill leachate is a liquid that is generated when precipitation...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Soil Systems |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-8789/8/1/33 |
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| author | Chijioke Emenike Patricia Omo-Okoro Agamuthu Pariatamby Jayanthi Barasarathi Fauziah Shahul Hamid |
| author_facet | Chijioke Emenike Patricia Omo-Okoro Agamuthu Pariatamby Jayanthi Barasarathi Fauziah Shahul Hamid |
| author_sort | Chijioke Emenike |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Approximately 95% of urban solid waste worldwide is disposed of in landfills. About 14 million metric tonnes of this municipal solid waste are disposed of in landfills every year in Malaysia, illustrating the importance of landfills. Landfill leachate is a liquid that is generated when precipitation percolates through waste disposed of in a landfill. High concentrations of heavy metal(loid)s, organic matter that has been dissolved and/or suspended, and inorganic substances, including phosphorus, ammonium, and sulphate, are present in landfill leachate. Globally, there is an urgent need for efficient remediation strategies for leachate-metal-contaminated soils. The present study expatiates on the physicochemical conditions and heavy metal(loid)s’ concentrations present in leachate samples obtained from four landfills in Malaysia, namely, Air Hitam Sanitary Landfill, Jeram Sanitary landfill, Bukit Beruntung landfill, and Taman Beringin Landfill, and explores bioaugmentation for the remediation of leachate-metal-contaminated soil. Leachate samples (replicates) were taken from all four landfills. Heavy metal(loids) in the collected leachate samples were quantified using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The microbial strains used for bioaugmentation were isolated from the soil sample collected from Taman Beringin Landfill. X-ray fluorescence spectrometry was used to analyze heavy metal(loid)s in the soil, prior to the isolation of microbes. The results of the present study show that the treatments inoculated with the isolated bacteria had greater potential for bioremediation than the control experiment. Of the nine isolated microbial strains, the treatment regimen involving only three strains (all Gram-positive bacteria) exhibited the highest removal efficiency for heavy metal(loid)s, as observed from most of the results. With regard to new findings, a significant outcome from the present study is that selectively blended microbial species are more effective in the remediation of leachate-metal-contaminated soil, in comparison to a treatment containing a higher number of microbial species and therefore increased diversity. Although the leachate and soil samples were collected from Malaysia, there is a global appeal for the bioremediation strategy applied in this study. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:49:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-981fc85329f34fe79fc6850af0ce8dc4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2571-8789 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:49:37Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Soil Systems |
| spelling | doaj.art-981fc85329f34fe79fc6850af0ce8dc42024-03-27T14:04:52ZengMDPI AGSoil Systems2571-87892024-03-01813310.3390/soilsystems8010033Remediation of Leachate-Metal-Contaminated Soil Using Selected Bacterial ConsortiaChijioke Emenike0Patricia Omo-Okoro1Agamuthu Pariatamby2Jayanthi Barasarathi3Fauziah Shahul Hamid4Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, CanadaDepartment of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, CanadaJeffrey Sachs Center on Sustainable Development, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, MalaysiaFaculty of Health & Life Sciences, Inti International University, Nilai 71800, MalaysiaInstitute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaApproximately 95% of urban solid waste worldwide is disposed of in landfills. About 14 million metric tonnes of this municipal solid waste are disposed of in landfills every year in Malaysia, illustrating the importance of landfills. Landfill leachate is a liquid that is generated when precipitation percolates through waste disposed of in a landfill. High concentrations of heavy metal(loid)s, organic matter that has been dissolved and/or suspended, and inorganic substances, including phosphorus, ammonium, and sulphate, are present in landfill leachate. Globally, there is an urgent need for efficient remediation strategies for leachate-metal-contaminated soils. The present study expatiates on the physicochemical conditions and heavy metal(loid)s’ concentrations present in leachate samples obtained from four landfills in Malaysia, namely, Air Hitam Sanitary Landfill, Jeram Sanitary landfill, Bukit Beruntung landfill, and Taman Beringin Landfill, and explores bioaugmentation for the remediation of leachate-metal-contaminated soil. Leachate samples (replicates) were taken from all four landfills. Heavy metal(loids) in the collected leachate samples were quantified using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The microbial strains used for bioaugmentation were isolated from the soil sample collected from Taman Beringin Landfill. X-ray fluorescence spectrometry was used to analyze heavy metal(loid)s in the soil, prior to the isolation of microbes. The results of the present study show that the treatments inoculated with the isolated bacteria had greater potential for bioremediation than the control experiment. Of the nine isolated microbial strains, the treatment regimen involving only three strains (all Gram-positive bacteria) exhibited the highest removal efficiency for heavy metal(loid)s, as observed from most of the results. With regard to new findings, a significant outcome from the present study is that selectively blended microbial species are more effective in the remediation of leachate-metal-contaminated soil, in comparison to a treatment containing a higher number of microbial species and therefore increased diversity. Although the leachate and soil samples were collected from Malaysia, there is a global appeal for the bioremediation strategy applied in this study.https://www.mdpi.com/2571-8789/8/1/33bacteria consortiabioremediationbioaugmentationtoxic metalslandfill sitesleachate |
| spellingShingle | Chijioke Emenike Patricia Omo-Okoro Agamuthu Pariatamby Jayanthi Barasarathi Fauziah Shahul Hamid Remediation of Leachate-Metal-Contaminated Soil Using Selected Bacterial Consortia Soil Systems bacteria consortia bioremediation bioaugmentation toxic metals landfill sites leachate |
| title | Remediation of Leachate-Metal-Contaminated Soil Using Selected Bacterial Consortia |
| title_full | Remediation of Leachate-Metal-Contaminated Soil Using Selected Bacterial Consortia |
| title_fullStr | Remediation of Leachate-Metal-Contaminated Soil Using Selected Bacterial Consortia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Remediation of Leachate-Metal-Contaminated Soil Using Selected Bacterial Consortia |
| title_short | Remediation of Leachate-Metal-Contaminated Soil Using Selected Bacterial Consortia |
| title_sort | remediation of leachate metal contaminated soil using selected bacterial consortia |
| topic | bacteria consortia bioremediation bioaugmentation toxic metals landfill sites leachate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-8789/8/1/33 |
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