Lissencephaly in Shih Tzu dogs
Abstract Background Lissencephaly is a brain malformation characterized by smooth and thickened cerebral surface, which may result in structural epilepsy. Lissencephaly is not common in veterinary medicine. Here, we characterize the first cases of lissencephaly in four Shih Tzu dogs, including clini...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13028-020-00528-0 |
| _version_ | 1818113071506259968 |
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| author | Diego Noé Rodríguez-Sánchez Giovana Boff Araujo Pinto Edval Fernando Thomé Vânia Maria de Vasconcelos Machado Rogério Martins Amorim |
| author_facet | Diego Noé Rodríguez-Sánchez Giovana Boff Araujo Pinto Edval Fernando Thomé Vânia Maria de Vasconcelos Machado Rogério Martins Amorim |
| author_sort | Diego Noé Rodríguez-Sánchez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Lissencephaly is a brain malformation characterized by smooth and thickened cerebral surface, which may result in structural epilepsy. Lissencephaly is not common in veterinary medicine. Here, we characterize the first cases of lissencephaly in four Shih Tzu dogs, including clinical presentations and findings of magnetic resonance imaging of lissencephaly and several concomitant brain malformations. Case presentation Early-onset acute signs of forebrain abnormalities were observed in all dogs, which were mainly cluster seizures and behavioral alterations. Based on neurological examination, the findings were consistent with symmetrical and bilateral forebrain lesions. Metabolic disorders and inflammatory diseases were excluded. Magnetic resonance imaging for three dogs showed diffuse neocortical agyria and thickened gray matter while one dog had mixed agyria and pachygyria. Other features, such as internal hydrocephalus, supracollicular fluid accumulation, and corpus callosum hypoplasia, were detected concomitantly. Antiepileptic drugs effectively controlled cluster seizures, however, sporadic isolated seizures and signs of forebrain abnormalities, such as behavioral alterations, central blindness, and strabismus persisted. Conclusions Lissencephaly should be considered an important differential diagnosis in Shih Tzu dogs presenting with early-onset signs of forebrain abnormalities, including cluster seizures and behavioral alterations. Magnetic resonance imaging was appropriate for ante-mortem diagnosis of lissencephaly and associated cerebral anomalies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T03:29:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-981fe60195cb44e58c2b3d3ca142d87d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1751-0147 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T03:29:00Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica |
| spelling | doaj.art-981fe60195cb44e58c2b3d3ca142d87d2022-12-22T01:22:25ZengBMCActa Veterinaria Scandinavica1751-01472020-06-016211910.1186/s13028-020-00528-0Lissencephaly in Shih Tzu dogsDiego Noé Rodríguez-Sánchez0Giovana Boff Araujo Pinto1Edval Fernando Thomé2Vânia Maria de Vasconcelos Machado3Rogério Martins Amorim4Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP)Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP)Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP)Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP)Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP)Abstract Background Lissencephaly is a brain malformation characterized by smooth and thickened cerebral surface, which may result in structural epilepsy. Lissencephaly is not common in veterinary medicine. Here, we characterize the first cases of lissencephaly in four Shih Tzu dogs, including clinical presentations and findings of magnetic resonance imaging of lissencephaly and several concomitant brain malformations. Case presentation Early-onset acute signs of forebrain abnormalities were observed in all dogs, which were mainly cluster seizures and behavioral alterations. Based on neurological examination, the findings were consistent with symmetrical and bilateral forebrain lesions. Metabolic disorders and inflammatory diseases were excluded. Magnetic resonance imaging for three dogs showed diffuse neocortical agyria and thickened gray matter while one dog had mixed agyria and pachygyria. Other features, such as internal hydrocephalus, supracollicular fluid accumulation, and corpus callosum hypoplasia, were detected concomitantly. Antiepileptic drugs effectively controlled cluster seizures, however, sporadic isolated seizures and signs of forebrain abnormalities, such as behavioral alterations, central blindness, and strabismus persisted. Conclusions Lissencephaly should be considered an important differential diagnosis in Shih Tzu dogs presenting with early-onset signs of forebrain abnormalities, including cluster seizures and behavioral alterations. Magnetic resonance imaging was appropriate for ante-mortem diagnosis of lissencephaly and associated cerebral anomalies.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13028-020-00528-0AgyriaArachnoid cystsMalformation of cortical developmentPachygyriaSeizures |
| spellingShingle | Diego Noé Rodríguez-Sánchez Giovana Boff Araujo Pinto Edval Fernando Thomé Vânia Maria de Vasconcelos Machado Rogério Martins Amorim Lissencephaly in Shih Tzu dogs Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica Agyria Arachnoid cysts Malformation of cortical development Pachygyria Seizures |
| title | Lissencephaly in Shih Tzu dogs |
| title_full | Lissencephaly in Shih Tzu dogs |
| title_fullStr | Lissencephaly in Shih Tzu dogs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lissencephaly in Shih Tzu dogs |
| title_short | Lissencephaly in Shih Tzu dogs |
| title_sort | lissencephaly in shih tzu dogs |
| topic | Agyria Arachnoid cysts Malformation of cortical development Pachygyria Seizures |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13028-020-00528-0 |
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