An In Vitro Platform to Study Reversible Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
Endothelial cells can acquire a mesenchymal phenotype in response to external stimuli through both mechanical and biological factors, using a process known as endothelial-to-mesenchymal (EndoMT) transition. EndoMT is characterized by the decrease in endothelial characteristics, increase in mesenchym...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.912660/full |
| _version_ | 1811333410080161792 |
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| author | Muthu Kumar Krishnamoorthi Rajarajan A. Thandavarayan Keith A. Youker Arvind Bhimaraj |
| author_facet | Muthu Kumar Krishnamoorthi Rajarajan A. Thandavarayan Keith A. Youker Arvind Bhimaraj |
| author_sort | Muthu Kumar Krishnamoorthi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Endothelial cells can acquire a mesenchymal phenotype in response to external stimuli through both mechanical and biological factors, using a process known as endothelial-to-mesenchymal (EndoMT) transition. EndoMT is characterized by the decrease in endothelial characteristics, increase in mesenchymal markers, and morphological changes. It has been recognized not only during development but also in different pathological conditions including organ/tissue fibrosis in adults. The ability to modulate the EndoMT process could have a therapeutic potential in many fibrotic diseases. An in vitro method is presented here to induce EndoMT with Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME) and angiotensin II (Ang II) followed by a protocol to study the reversibility of EndoMT. Using this method, we furnish evidence that the combination of L-NAME and Ang II can stimulate EndoMT in Human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) and this process can be reversed as observed using endothelial functionality assays. This method may serve as a model to screen and identify potential pharmacological molecules to target and regulate the EndoMT process, with applications in drug discovery for human diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T16:52:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9824c119ee5d4d1b80d86585f98d64f7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T16:52:09Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj.art-9824c119ee5d4d1b80d86585f98d64f72022-12-22T02:38:55ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122022-06-011310.3389/fphar.2022.912660912660An In Vitro Platform to Study Reversible Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal TransitionMuthu Kumar KrishnamoorthiRajarajan A. ThandavarayanKeith A. YoukerArvind BhimarajEndothelial cells can acquire a mesenchymal phenotype in response to external stimuli through both mechanical and biological factors, using a process known as endothelial-to-mesenchymal (EndoMT) transition. EndoMT is characterized by the decrease in endothelial characteristics, increase in mesenchymal markers, and morphological changes. It has been recognized not only during development but also in different pathological conditions including organ/tissue fibrosis in adults. The ability to modulate the EndoMT process could have a therapeutic potential in many fibrotic diseases. An in vitro method is presented here to induce EndoMT with Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME) and angiotensin II (Ang II) followed by a protocol to study the reversibility of EndoMT. Using this method, we furnish evidence that the combination of L-NAME and Ang II can stimulate EndoMT in Human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) and this process can be reversed as observed using endothelial functionality assays. This method may serve as a model to screen and identify potential pharmacological molecules to target and regulate the EndoMT process, with applications in drug discovery for human diseases.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.912660/fullendothelial cellsL-NAMEangiotensin IIendothelial-to-mesenchymal transitionreversible EndoMTendothelial functionality |
| spellingShingle | Muthu Kumar Krishnamoorthi Rajarajan A. Thandavarayan Keith A. Youker Arvind Bhimaraj An In Vitro Platform to Study Reversible Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Frontiers in Pharmacology endothelial cells L-NAME angiotensin II endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition reversible EndoMT endothelial functionality |
| title | An In Vitro Platform to Study Reversible Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition |
| title_full | An In Vitro Platform to Study Reversible Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition |
| title_fullStr | An In Vitro Platform to Study Reversible Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition |
| title_full_unstemmed | An In Vitro Platform to Study Reversible Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition |
| title_short | An In Vitro Platform to Study Reversible Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition |
| title_sort | in vitro platform to study reversible endothelial to mesenchymal transition |
| topic | endothelial cells L-NAME angiotensin II endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition reversible EndoMT endothelial functionality |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.912660/full |
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