NAFLD-Related Hepatocarcinoma: The Malignant Side of Metabolic Syndrome
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the seventh most common cancer worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality. HCC typically arises within a cirrhotic liver, but in about 20% of cases occurs in absence of cirrhosis. Among non-cirrhotic risk factors, non-alcoholic fatty liver di...
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/8/2034 |
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| author | Anna Michelotti Marco de Scordilli Lorenza Palmero Michela Guardascione Mario Masala Rossana Roncato Luisa Foltran Elena Ongaro Fabio Puglisi |
| author_facet | Anna Michelotti Marco de Scordilli Lorenza Palmero Michela Guardascione Mario Masala Rossana Roncato Luisa Foltran Elena Ongaro Fabio Puglisi |
| author_sort | Anna Michelotti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the seventh most common cancer worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality. HCC typically arises within a cirrhotic liver, but in about 20% of cases occurs in absence of cirrhosis. Among non-cirrhotic risk factors, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) currently represents the most important emerging cause of HCC in developed countries. It has been estimated that annual incidence of HCC among patients with non-cirrhotic NAFLD is approximately 0.1–1.3 per 1000 patients/year and ranges from 0.5% to 2.6% among patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) cirrhosis. However, only a few clinical trials enrolling HCC patients actually distinguished NAFLD/NASH-related cases from other non-cirrhotic causes and therefore evidence is still lacking in this subset of patients. This review aims to describe the biology underpinning NAFLD development, to investigate the main molecular pathways involved in its progression to NASH and HCC and to describe how different pathogenetic mechanisms underlying the onset of HCC can have an impact in clinical practice. We hereby also provide an overview of current HCC treatment options, with a particular focus on the available data on NAFLD-related cases in practice-changing clinical trials. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:55:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9827d7de86b3467e845011b919ce5e01 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:55:41Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-9827d7de86b3467e845011b919ce5e012023-11-22T07:10:48ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092021-08-01108203410.3390/cells10082034NAFLD-Related Hepatocarcinoma: The Malignant Side of Metabolic SyndromeAnna Michelotti0Marco de Scordilli1Lorenza Palmero2Michela Guardascione3Mario Masala4Rossana Roncato5Luisa Foltran6Elena Ongaro7Fabio Puglisi8Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, ItalyCentro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, ItalyCentro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, ItalyExperimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, ItalyCentro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, ItalyExperimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, ItalyCentro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, ItalyCentro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, ItalyCentro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, ItalyHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the seventh most common cancer worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality. HCC typically arises within a cirrhotic liver, but in about 20% of cases occurs in absence of cirrhosis. Among non-cirrhotic risk factors, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) currently represents the most important emerging cause of HCC in developed countries. It has been estimated that annual incidence of HCC among patients with non-cirrhotic NAFLD is approximately 0.1–1.3 per 1000 patients/year and ranges from 0.5% to 2.6% among patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) cirrhosis. However, only a few clinical trials enrolling HCC patients actually distinguished NAFLD/NASH-related cases from other non-cirrhotic causes and therefore evidence is still lacking in this subset of patients. This review aims to describe the biology underpinning NAFLD development, to investigate the main molecular pathways involved in its progression to NASH and HCC and to describe how different pathogenetic mechanisms underlying the onset of HCC can have an impact in clinical practice. We hereby also provide an overview of current HCC treatment options, with a particular focus on the available data on NAFLD-related cases in practice-changing clinical trials.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/8/2034HCChepatocellular carcinomaNAFLDNASHmetabolic syndromeinsulin resistance |
| spellingShingle | Anna Michelotti Marco de Scordilli Lorenza Palmero Michela Guardascione Mario Masala Rossana Roncato Luisa Foltran Elena Ongaro Fabio Puglisi NAFLD-Related Hepatocarcinoma: The Malignant Side of Metabolic Syndrome Cells HCC hepatocellular carcinoma NAFLD NASH metabolic syndrome insulin resistance |
| title | NAFLD-Related Hepatocarcinoma: The Malignant Side of Metabolic Syndrome |
| title_full | NAFLD-Related Hepatocarcinoma: The Malignant Side of Metabolic Syndrome |
| title_fullStr | NAFLD-Related Hepatocarcinoma: The Malignant Side of Metabolic Syndrome |
| title_full_unstemmed | NAFLD-Related Hepatocarcinoma: The Malignant Side of Metabolic Syndrome |
| title_short | NAFLD-Related Hepatocarcinoma: The Malignant Side of Metabolic Syndrome |
| title_sort | nafld related hepatocarcinoma the malignant side of metabolic syndrome |
| topic | HCC hepatocellular carcinoma NAFLD NASH metabolic syndrome insulin resistance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/8/2034 |
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