The effect of diabetes mellitus on apoptosis in hippocampus: Cellular and molecular aspects
Background: Diabetes mellitus is associated with cognitive deficits in humans and animals. These deficits are paralleled by neurophysiological and structural changes in brain. In diabetic animals, impairments of spatial learning, memory, and cognition occur in association with distinct changes in hi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2016-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Preventive Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.ijpvmjournal.net/article.asp?issn=2008-7802;year=2016;volume=7;issue=1;spage=57;epage=57;aulast=Sadeghi |
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| author | Akram Sadeghi Javad Hami Shahnaz Razavi Ebrahim Esfandiary Zahra Hejazi |
| author_facet | Akram Sadeghi Javad Hami Shahnaz Razavi Ebrahim Esfandiary Zahra Hejazi |
| author_sort | Akram Sadeghi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Diabetes mellitus is associated with cognitive deficits in humans and animals. These deficits are paralleled by neurophysiological and structural changes in brain. In diabetic animals, impairments of spatial learning, memory, and cognition occur in association with distinct changes in hippocampus, a key brain area for many forms of learning and memory and are particularly sensitive to changes in glucose homeostasis. However, the multifactorial pathogenesis of diabetic encephalopathy is not yet completely understood. Apoptosis plays a crucial role in diabetes-induce neuronal loss in hippocampus.
Methods: The effects of diabetes on hippocampus and cognitive/behavioral dysfunctions in experimental models of diabetes are reviewed, with a focus on the negative impact on increased neuronal apoptosis and related cellular and molecular mechanisms.
Results: Of all articles that were assessed, most of the experimental studies clearly showed that diabetes causes neuronal apoptosis in hippocampus through multiple mechanisms, including oxidative stress, inhibition of caspases, disturbance in expression of apoptosis regulator genes, as well as deficits in mitochondrial function. The balance between pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic signaling may determine the neuronal apoptotic outcome in vitro and in vivo models of experimental diabetes.
Conclusions: Dissecting out the mechanisms responsible for diabetes-related changes in the hippocampal cell apoptosis helps improve treatment of impaired cognitive and memory functions in diabetic individuals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T13:45:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-982eda743ae34b9db3ba11ed8a95db84 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2008-7802 2008-8213 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T13:45:00Z |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Preventive Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-982eda743ae34b9db3ba11ed8a95db842022-12-22T03:30:44ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsInternational Journal of Preventive Medicine2008-78022008-82132016-01-0171575710.4103/2008-7802.178531The effect of diabetes mellitus on apoptosis in hippocampus: Cellular and molecular aspectsAkram SadeghiJavad HamiShahnaz RazaviEbrahim EsfandiaryZahra HejaziBackground: Diabetes mellitus is associated with cognitive deficits in humans and animals. These deficits are paralleled by neurophysiological and structural changes in brain. In diabetic animals, impairments of spatial learning, memory, and cognition occur in association with distinct changes in hippocampus, a key brain area for many forms of learning and memory and are particularly sensitive to changes in glucose homeostasis. However, the multifactorial pathogenesis of diabetic encephalopathy is not yet completely understood. Apoptosis plays a crucial role in diabetes-induce neuronal loss in hippocampus. Methods: The effects of diabetes on hippocampus and cognitive/behavioral dysfunctions in experimental models of diabetes are reviewed, with a focus on the negative impact on increased neuronal apoptosis and related cellular and molecular mechanisms. Results: Of all articles that were assessed, most of the experimental studies clearly showed that diabetes causes neuronal apoptosis in hippocampus through multiple mechanisms, including oxidative stress, inhibition of caspases, disturbance in expression of apoptosis regulator genes, as well as deficits in mitochondrial function. The balance between pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic signaling may determine the neuronal apoptotic outcome in vitro and in vivo models of experimental diabetes. Conclusions: Dissecting out the mechanisms responsible for diabetes-related changes in the hippocampal cell apoptosis helps improve treatment of impaired cognitive and memory functions in diabetic individuals.http://www.ijpvmjournal.net/article.asp?issn=2008-7802;year=2016;volume=7;issue=1;spage=57;epage=57;aulast=SadeghiApoptosiscentral nervous system complicationdiabetes mellitushippocampus |
| spellingShingle | Akram Sadeghi Javad Hami Shahnaz Razavi Ebrahim Esfandiary Zahra Hejazi The effect of diabetes mellitus on apoptosis in hippocampus: Cellular and molecular aspects International Journal of Preventive Medicine Apoptosis central nervous system complication diabetes mellitus hippocampus |
| title | The effect of diabetes mellitus on apoptosis in hippocampus: Cellular and molecular aspects |
| title_full | The effect of diabetes mellitus on apoptosis in hippocampus: Cellular and molecular aspects |
| title_fullStr | The effect of diabetes mellitus on apoptosis in hippocampus: Cellular and molecular aspects |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effect of diabetes mellitus on apoptosis in hippocampus: Cellular and molecular aspects |
| title_short | The effect of diabetes mellitus on apoptosis in hippocampus: Cellular and molecular aspects |
| title_sort | effect of diabetes mellitus on apoptosis in hippocampus cellular and molecular aspects |
| topic | Apoptosis central nervous system complication diabetes mellitus hippocampus |
| url | http://www.ijpvmjournal.net/article.asp?issn=2008-7802;year=2016;volume=7;issue=1;spage=57;epage=57;aulast=Sadeghi |
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