Temperature Dependence of the Electrical Properties of Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub>/Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>6</sub>O<sub>13</sub>/POMA Composites
The temperature dependence of the electrical properties of composites formed by biphasic sodium titanate and poly(<i>o</i>-methoxyaniline) (Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub>/Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>6</sub>O<sub>13<...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/18/5756 |
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| author | Salomão Dos Santos Costa Juliana Pereira da Silva Matheus Moraes Biondo Edgar Aparecido Sanches Marcos Marques Da Silva Paula Francisco Xavier Nobre José Anglada Rivera Yohandys Alexis Zulueta Milton S. Torikachvili David Vieira Sampaio Marcos Vinicius Dias Vermelho Ştefan Ţălu Lianet Aguilera Dominguez Yurimiler Leyet |
| author_facet | Salomão Dos Santos Costa Juliana Pereira da Silva Matheus Moraes Biondo Edgar Aparecido Sanches Marcos Marques Da Silva Paula Francisco Xavier Nobre José Anglada Rivera Yohandys Alexis Zulueta Milton S. Torikachvili David Vieira Sampaio Marcos Vinicius Dias Vermelho Ştefan Ţălu Lianet Aguilera Dominguez Yurimiler Leyet |
| author_sort | Salomão Dos Santos Costa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The temperature dependence of the electrical properties of composites formed by biphasic sodium titanate and poly(<i>o</i>-methoxyaniline) (Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub>/Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>6</sub>O<sub>13</sub>/POMA) with different concentrations of POMA (0%, 1%, 10%, 15%, 35% and 50%) in the ceramic matrix was determined from measurements of complex impedance. The structural details were studied by means of X-ray diffraction, confirming the formation of the Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub>/Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>6</sub>O<sub>13</sub>/POMA composites. The displacement of the (200) reflection from 2θ = 10.45° to 11.15° in the composites with 10 and 15% of POMA suggested the partial replacement of H<sup>+</sup> for Na<sup>+</sup> in the Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub> structure. The thermal properties were investigated by Thermogravimetry and Differential Thermal Analysis. The Thermogravimetry curves of the composites with POMA content of 1, 10 and 15% presented profiles similar to that of pure sodium titanate sample. The composites with 35 and 50% of POMA showed a process at temperatures around 60–70 °C, which was associated with water absorbed by the polymer. The analysis of the complex impedance spectroscopy measurements revealed that the electrical resistivity of the composites in the range from 0 to 35% increased by two orders of magnitude, with different values for each concentration. This positive temperature coefficient of resistivity was less noticeable in the composite with highest POMA mass content (50%). The rapid increase in resistivity caused an increase in the relaxation time calculated from the time domain. The electrical response of the 50% of POMA compound changes in relation to what was observed in the other compounds, which suggests that there is a saturation limit in the increase in resistivity with POMA content. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:03:08Z |
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| id | doaj.art-983c5b5d159943e7ba04d2ba9f657815 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:03:08Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-983c5b5d159943e7ba04d2ba9f6578152023-11-23T17:58:34ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-09-012718575610.3390/molecules27185756Temperature Dependence of the Electrical Properties of Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub>/Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>6</sub>O<sub>13</sub>/POMA CompositesSalomão Dos Santos Costa0Juliana Pereira da Silva1Matheus Moraes Biondo2Edgar Aparecido Sanches3Marcos Marques Da Silva Paula4Francisco Xavier Nobre5José Anglada Rivera6Yohandys Alexis Zulueta7Milton S. Torikachvili8David Vieira Sampaio9Marcos Vinicius Dias Vermelho10Ştefan Ţălu11Lianet Aguilera Dominguez12Yurimiler Leyet13Department of Physics, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus 69067-005, AM, BrazilDepartment of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus 69067-005, AM, BrazilDepartment of Physics, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus 69067-005, AM, BrazilDepartment of Physics, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus 69067-005, AM, BrazilDepartment of Physics, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus 69067-005, AM, BrazilFederal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Amazonas, Manaus 69020-120, AM, BrazilFederal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Amazonas, Manaus 69020-120, AM, BrazilDepartment of Physics, Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba 90500, CubaDepartment of Physics, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-1233, USAInstitute of Physics, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió 57072-900, AL, BrazilInstitute of Physics, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió 57072-900, AL, BrazilThe Directorate of Research, Development and Innovation Management (DMCDI), Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 400020 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaTechnological Development Institute (INDT), Manaus 69075-351, AM, BrazilDepartment of Physics, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus 69067-005, AM, BrazilThe temperature dependence of the electrical properties of composites formed by biphasic sodium titanate and poly(<i>o</i>-methoxyaniline) (Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub>/Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>6</sub>O<sub>13</sub>/POMA) with different concentrations of POMA (0%, 1%, 10%, 15%, 35% and 50%) in the ceramic matrix was determined from measurements of complex impedance. The structural details were studied by means of X-ray diffraction, confirming the formation of the Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub>/Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>6</sub>O<sub>13</sub>/POMA composites. The displacement of the (200) reflection from 2θ = 10.45° to 11.15° in the composites with 10 and 15% of POMA suggested the partial replacement of H<sup>+</sup> for Na<sup>+</sup> in the Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub> structure. The thermal properties were investigated by Thermogravimetry and Differential Thermal Analysis. The Thermogravimetry curves of the composites with POMA content of 1, 10 and 15% presented profiles similar to that of pure sodium titanate sample. The composites with 35 and 50% of POMA showed a process at temperatures around 60–70 °C, which was associated with water absorbed by the polymer. The analysis of the complex impedance spectroscopy measurements revealed that the electrical resistivity of the composites in the range from 0 to 35% increased by two orders of magnitude, with different values for each concentration. This positive temperature coefficient of resistivity was less noticeable in the composite with highest POMA mass content (50%). The rapid increase in resistivity caused an increase in the relaxation time calculated from the time domain. The electrical response of the 50% of POMA compound changes in relation to what was observed in the other compounds, which suggests that there is a saturation limit in the increase in resistivity with POMA content.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/18/5756ceramic/polymer compositeselectrical characterizationelectrical resistivity |
| spellingShingle | Salomão Dos Santos Costa Juliana Pereira da Silva Matheus Moraes Biondo Edgar Aparecido Sanches Marcos Marques Da Silva Paula Francisco Xavier Nobre José Anglada Rivera Yohandys Alexis Zulueta Milton S. Torikachvili David Vieira Sampaio Marcos Vinicius Dias Vermelho Ştefan Ţălu Lianet Aguilera Dominguez Yurimiler Leyet Temperature Dependence of the Electrical Properties of Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub>/Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>6</sub>O<sub>13</sub>/POMA Composites Molecules ceramic/polymer composites electrical characterization electrical resistivity |
| title | Temperature Dependence of the Electrical Properties of Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub>/Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>6</sub>O<sub>13</sub>/POMA Composites |
| title_full | Temperature Dependence of the Electrical Properties of Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub>/Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>6</sub>O<sub>13</sub>/POMA Composites |
| title_fullStr | Temperature Dependence of the Electrical Properties of Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub>/Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>6</sub>O<sub>13</sub>/POMA Composites |
| title_full_unstemmed | Temperature Dependence of the Electrical Properties of Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub>/Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>6</sub>O<sub>13</sub>/POMA Composites |
| title_short | Temperature Dependence of the Electrical Properties of Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub>/Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>6</sub>O<sub>13</sub>/POMA Composites |
| title_sort | temperature dependence of the electrical properties of na sub 2 sub ti sub 3 sub o sub 7 sub na sub 2 sub ti sub 6 sub o sub 13 sub poma composites |
| topic | ceramic/polymer composites electrical characterization electrical resistivity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/18/5756 |
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