Insight into <i>Kytococcus schroeteri</i> Infection Management: A Case Report and Review
Background: <i>Kytococcus schroeteri</i> is a member of normal skin microflora, which can cause lethal infections in immunosuppressed hosts. In this review we attempted to draw patterns of its pathogenicity, which seem to vary regarding host immune status and the presence of implantable...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Infectious Disease Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/13/1/26 |
| _version_ | 1827697712159522816 |
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| author | Shelly Bagelman Gunda Zvigule-Neidere |
| author_facet | Shelly Bagelman Gunda Zvigule-Neidere |
| author_sort | Shelly Bagelman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: <i>Kytococcus schroeteri</i> is a member of normal skin microflora, which can cause lethal infections in immunosuppressed hosts. In this review we attempted to draw patterns of its pathogenicity, which seem to vary regarding host immune status and the presence of implantable devices. Evidence suggests this pathogen houses many resistance-forming proteins, which serve to exacerbate the challenge in curing it. Available information on <i>K. schroeteri</i> antibacterial susceptibility is scarce. In this situation, a novel, genome-based antibiotic resistance analysis model, previously suggested by Su et al., could aid clinicians dealing with unknown infections. In this study we merged data from observed antibiotic resistance patterns with resistance data demonstrated by DNA sequences. Methods: We reviewed all available articles and reports on <i>K. schroeteri</i>, from peer-reviewed online databases (ClinicalKey, PMC, Scopus and WebOfScience). Information on patients was then subdivided into patient profiles and tabulated independently. We later performed <i>K. schroeteri</i> genome sequence analysis for resistance proteins to understand the trends <i>K. schroeteri</i> exhibits. Results: <i>K. schroeteri</i> is resistant to beta-lactams, macrolides and clindamycin. It is susceptible to aminoglycosides, tetracyclines and rifampicin. We combined data from the literature review and sequence analysis and found evidence for the existence of PBP, PBP-2A and efflux pumps as likely determinants of <i>K. schroeteri</i>. Conclusions: Reviewing the data permits the speculation that baseline immune status plays a role in the outcome of a <i>Kytococcal</i> infection. Nonetheless, our case report demonstrates that the outcome of a lower baseline immunity could still be favorable, possibly using rifampicin in first-line treatment of infection caused by <i>K. schroeteri</i>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:15:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-984683942c8d47cf84ec9b8d89af482d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2036-7449 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:15:39Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Infectious Disease Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-984683942c8d47cf84ec9b8d89af482d2023-11-21T10:26:55ZengMDPI AGInfectious Disease Reports2036-74492021-03-0113123023810.3390/idr13010026Insight into <i>Kytococcus schroeteri</i> Infection Management: A Case Report and ReviewShelly Bagelman0Gunda Zvigule-Neidere1International Students Department, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, LatviaDepartment of Pediatrics, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, LatviaBackground: <i>Kytococcus schroeteri</i> is a member of normal skin microflora, which can cause lethal infections in immunosuppressed hosts. In this review we attempted to draw patterns of its pathogenicity, which seem to vary regarding host immune status and the presence of implantable devices. Evidence suggests this pathogen houses many resistance-forming proteins, which serve to exacerbate the challenge in curing it. Available information on <i>K. schroeteri</i> antibacterial susceptibility is scarce. In this situation, a novel, genome-based antibiotic resistance analysis model, previously suggested by Su et al., could aid clinicians dealing with unknown infections. In this study we merged data from observed antibiotic resistance patterns with resistance data demonstrated by DNA sequences. Methods: We reviewed all available articles and reports on <i>K. schroeteri</i>, from peer-reviewed online databases (ClinicalKey, PMC, Scopus and WebOfScience). Information on patients was then subdivided into patient profiles and tabulated independently. We later performed <i>K. schroeteri</i> genome sequence analysis for resistance proteins to understand the trends <i>K. schroeteri</i> exhibits. Results: <i>K. schroeteri</i> is resistant to beta-lactams, macrolides and clindamycin. It is susceptible to aminoglycosides, tetracyclines and rifampicin. We combined data from the literature review and sequence analysis and found evidence for the existence of PBP, PBP-2A and efflux pumps as likely determinants of <i>K. schroeteri</i>. Conclusions: Reviewing the data permits the speculation that baseline immune status plays a role in the outcome of a <i>Kytococcal</i> infection. Nonetheless, our case report demonstrates that the outcome of a lower baseline immunity could still be favorable, possibly using rifampicin in first-line treatment of infection caused by <i>K. schroeteri</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/13/1/26<i>Kytococcus</i><i>Schroeteri</i>antibiotic resistanceantibacterial therapyresistance |
| spellingShingle | Shelly Bagelman Gunda Zvigule-Neidere Insight into <i>Kytococcus schroeteri</i> Infection Management: A Case Report and Review Infectious Disease Reports <i>Kytococcus</i> <i>Schroeteri</i> antibiotic resistance antibacterial therapy resistance |
| title | Insight into <i>Kytococcus schroeteri</i> Infection Management: A Case Report and Review |
| title_full | Insight into <i>Kytococcus schroeteri</i> Infection Management: A Case Report and Review |
| title_fullStr | Insight into <i>Kytococcus schroeteri</i> Infection Management: A Case Report and Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Insight into <i>Kytococcus schroeteri</i> Infection Management: A Case Report and Review |
| title_short | Insight into <i>Kytococcus schroeteri</i> Infection Management: A Case Report and Review |
| title_sort | insight into i kytococcus schroeteri i infection management a case report and review |
| topic | <i>Kytococcus</i> <i>Schroeteri</i> antibiotic resistance antibacterial therapy resistance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/13/1/26 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shellybagelman insightintoikytococcusschroeteriiinfectionmanagementacasereportandreview AT gundazviguleneidere insightintoikytococcusschroeteriiinfectionmanagementacasereportandreview |