Application Assessment of Electrical Cables during Smoldering and Flaming Combustion
Electrical cables are a potential source of ignition and fire hazards in various types of buildings and industrial installations, as well as in all modes of transportation, including aircraft. Fires in buildings pose the greatest threat to human life and health. The composition of thermal degradatio...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/6/3766 |
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| author | Rafał Porowski Robert Kowalik Piotr Ramiączek Paulina Bąk-Patyna Paweł Stępień Maria Zielecka Tomasz Popielarczyk Agata Ludynia Angelika Chyb Jarosław Gawdzik |
| author_facet | Rafał Porowski Robert Kowalik Piotr Ramiączek Paulina Bąk-Patyna Paweł Stępień Maria Zielecka Tomasz Popielarczyk Agata Ludynia Angelika Chyb Jarosław Gawdzik |
| author_sort | Rafał Porowski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Electrical cables are a potential source of ignition and fire hazards in various types of buildings and industrial installations, as well as in all modes of transportation, including aircraft. Fires in buildings pose the greatest threat to human life and health. The composition of thermal degradation products depends mainly on the type of combustible materials and the type of combustion process—flaming or smoldering. The purpose of this paper was to determine, based on experimental studies, the effects of flaming and smoldering combustion on the response times of fire smoke detectors. In addition, the concentrations of fire gases formed in the process of duct combustion, including CO, SO<sub>2</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub>, NO, HCN, HCl, HBr and HF, were measured using an FTIR spectrometer. The results presented confirm the significant effect of the way the cable samples burned on detector tripping time. The highest concentration of smoke (Y) in the test chamber was obtained during flame combustion. It was further found that the characteristics of the cable insulation material used, such as the type of PVC, had a significant effect on the toxicity of the emitted gases. The largest amounts of toxic gases were emitted during the smoldering combustion of a cable with a plasticized PVC sheath. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:58:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-984ca7e9d0ff4abdaea9c64d546f3726 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:58:47Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-984ca7e9d0ff4abdaea9c64d546f37262023-11-17T09:26:35ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172023-03-01136376610.3390/app13063766Application Assessment of Electrical Cables during Smoldering and Flaming CombustionRafał Porowski0Robert Kowalik1Piotr Ramiączek2Paulina Bąk-Patyna3Paweł Stępień4Maria Zielecka5Tomasz Popielarczyk6Agata Ludynia7Angelika Chyb8Jarosław Gawdzik9Faculty of Fuels and Energy, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Kraków, PolandFaculty of Environmental Engineering, Geomatics and Energy, Kielce University of Technology, 25-314 Kielce, PolandFaculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Kielce University of Technology, 25-314 Kielce, PolandFaculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Kielce University of Technology, 25-314 Kielce, PolandResearch Centre for Fire Protection (CNBOP-PIB), 05-420 Józefów, PolandResearch Centre for Fire Protection (CNBOP-PIB), 05-420 Józefów, PolandResearch Centre for Fire Protection (CNBOP-PIB), 05-420 Józefów, PolandFaculty of Environmental Engineering, Geomatics and Energy, Kielce University of Technology, 25-314 Kielce, PolandFaculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Kielce University of Technology, 25-314 Kielce, PolandFaculty of Environmental Engineering, Geomatics and Energy, Kielce University of Technology, 25-314 Kielce, PolandElectrical cables are a potential source of ignition and fire hazards in various types of buildings and industrial installations, as well as in all modes of transportation, including aircraft. Fires in buildings pose the greatest threat to human life and health. The composition of thermal degradation products depends mainly on the type of combustible materials and the type of combustion process—flaming or smoldering. The purpose of this paper was to determine, based on experimental studies, the effects of flaming and smoldering combustion on the response times of fire smoke detectors. In addition, the concentrations of fire gases formed in the process of duct combustion, including CO, SO<sub>2</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub>, NO, HCN, HCl, HBr and HF, were measured using an FTIR spectrometer. The results presented confirm the significant effect of the way the cable samples burned on detector tripping time. The highest concentration of smoke (Y) in the test chamber was obtained during flame combustion. It was further found that the characteristics of the cable insulation material used, such as the type of PVC, had a significant effect on the toxicity of the emitted gases. The largest amounts of toxic gases were emitted during the smoldering combustion of a cable with a plasticized PVC sheath.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/6/3766electrical cableflaming combustionsmoldering combustiontoxicitycombustion products |
| spellingShingle | Rafał Porowski Robert Kowalik Piotr Ramiączek Paulina Bąk-Patyna Paweł Stępień Maria Zielecka Tomasz Popielarczyk Agata Ludynia Angelika Chyb Jarosław Gawdzik Application Assessment of Electrical Cables during Smoldering and Flaming Combustion Applied Sciences electrical cable flaming combustion smoldering combustion toxicity combustion products |
| title | Application Assessment of Electrical Cables during Smoldering and Flaming Combustion |
| title_full | Application Assessment of Electrical Cables during Smoldering and Flaming Combustion |
| title_fullStr | Application Assessment of Electrical Cables during Smoldering and Flaming Combustion |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application Assessment of Electrical Cables during Smoldering and Flaming Combustion |
| title_short | Application Assessment of Electrical Cables during Smoldering and Flaming Combustion |
| title_sort | application assessment of electrical cables during smoldering and flaming combustion |
| topic | electrical cable flaming combustion smoldering combustion toxicity combustion products |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/6/3766 |
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