Extensive comparison of salivary collection, transportation, preparation, and storage methods: a systematic review
Abstract Background Human saliva as a bodily fluid—similar to blood—is utilized for diagnostic purposes. Unlike blood sampling, collecting saliva is non-invasive, inexpensive, and readily accessible. There are no previously published systematic reviews regarding different collection, transportation,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-02-01
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| Series: | BMC Oral Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-024-03902-w |
| _version_ | 1827325970157142016 |
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| author | Hamed Mortazavi Amir-Ali Yousefi-Koma Hannaneh Yousefi-Koma |
| author_facet | Hamed Mortazavi Amir-Ali Yousefi-Koma Hannaneh Yousefi-Koma |
| author_sort | Hamed Mortazavi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Human saliva as a bodily fluid—similar to blood—is utilized for diagnostic purposes. Unlike blood sampling, collecting saliva is non-invasive, inexpensive, and readily accessible. There are no previously published systematic reviews regarding different collection, transportation, preparation, and storage methods for human saliva. Design This study has been prepared and organized according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. This systematic review has been registered at PROSPERO (Registration ID: CRD42023415384). The study question according to the PICO format was as followed: Comparison of the performance (C) of different saliva sampling, handling, transportation, and storage techniques and methods (I) assessed for analyzing stimulated or unstimulated human saliva (P and O). An electronic search was executed in Scopus, Google Scholar, and PubMed. Results Twenty-three descriptive human clinical studies published between 1995 and 2022 were included. Eight categories of salivary features and biomarkers were investigated (i.e., salivary flow rate, total saliva quantity, total protein, cortisol, testosterone, DNA quality and quantity, pH and buffering pH). Twenty-two saliva sampling methods/devices were utilized. Passive drooling, Salivette®, and spitting were the most utilized methods. Sampling times with optimum capabilities for cortisol, iodine, and oral cancer metabolites are suggested to be 7:30 AM to 9:00 AM, 10:30 AM to 11:00 AM, and 14:00 PM to 20:00 PM, respectively. There were 6 storage methods. Centrifuging samples and storing them at -70 °C to -80 °C was the most utilized storage method. For DNA quantity and quality, analyzing samples immediately after collection without centrifuging or storage, outperformed centrifuging samples and storing them at -70 °C to -80 °C. Non-coated Salivette® was the most successful method/device for analyzing salivary flow rate. Conclusion It is highly suggested that scientists take aid from the reported categorized outcomes, and design their study questions based on the current voids for each method/device. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T14:37:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-984f72602d2840f3af069a32068d40bb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1472-6831 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T14:37:57Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Oral Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-984f72602d2840f3af069a32068d40bb2024-03-05T20:33:32ZengBMCBMC Oral Health1472-68312024-02-0124113010.1186/s12903-024-03902-wExtensive comparison of salivary collection, transportation, preparation, and storage methods: a systematic reviewHamed Mortazavi0Amir-Ali Yousefi-Koma1Hannaneh Yousefi-Koma2School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesSchool of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesSchool of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical SciencesAbstract Background Human saliva as a bodily fluid—similar to blood—is utilized for diagnostic purposes. Unlike blood sampling, collecting saliva is non-invasive, inexpensive, and readily accessible. There are no previously published systematic reviews regarding different collection, transportation, preparation, and storage methods for human saliva. Design This study has been prepared and organized according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. This systematic review has been registered at PROSPERO (Registration ID: CRD42023415384). The study question according to the PICO format was as followed: Comparison of the performance (C) of different saliva sampling, handling, transportation, and storage techniques and methods (I) assessed for analyzing stimulated or unstimulated human saliva (P and O). An electronic search was executed in Scopus, Google Scholar, and PubMed. Results Twenty-three descriptive human clinical studies published between 1995 and 2022 were included. Eight categories of salivary features and biomarkers were investigated (i.e., salivary flow rate, total saliva quantity, total protein, cortisol, testosterone, DNA quality and quantity, pH and buffering pH). Twenty-two saliva sampling methods/devices were utilized. Passive drooling, Salivette®, and spitting were the most utilized methods. Sampling times with optimum capabilities for cortisol, iodine, and oral cancer metabolites are suggested to be 7:30 AM to 9:00 AM, 10:30 AM to 11:00 AM, and 14:00 PM to 20:00 PM, respectively. There were 6 storage methods. Centrifuging samples and storing them at -70 °C to -80 °C was the most utilized storage method. For DNA quantity and quality, analyzing samples immediately after collection without centrifuging or storage, outperformed centrifuging samples and storing them at -70 °C to -80 °C. Non-coated Salivette® was the most successful method/device for analyzing salivary flow rate. Conclusion It is highly suggested that scientists take aid from the reported categorized outcomes, and design their study questions based on the current voids for each method/device.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-024-03902-wBiomarkersCollectionSalivaSpecimen Handling |
| spellingShingle | Hamed Mortazavi Amir-Ali Yousefi-Koma Hannaneh Yousefi-Koma Extensive comparison of salivary collection, transportation, preparation, and storage methods: a systematic review BMC Oral Health Biomarkers Collection Saliva Specimen Handling |
| title | Extensive comparison of salivary collection, transportation, preparation, and storage methods: a systematic review |
| title_full | Extensive comparison of salivary collection, transportation, preparation, and storage methods: a systematic review |
| title_fullStr | Extensive comparison of salivary collection, transportation, preparation, and storage methods: a systematic review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extensive comparison of salivary collection, transportation, preparation, and storage methods: a systematic review |
| title_short | Extensive comparison of salivary collection, transportation, preparation, and storage methods: a systematic review |
| title_sort | extensive comparison of salivary collection transportation preparation and storage methods a systematic review |
| topic | Biomarkers Collection Saliva Specimen Handling |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-024-03902-w |
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