Versatile Application of Nanocellulose: From Industry to Skin Tissue Engineering and Wound Healing
Nanocellulose is cellulose in the form of nanostructures, i.e., features not exceeding 100 nm at least in one dimension. These nanostructures include nanofibrils, found in bacterial cellulose; nanofibers, present particularly in electrospun matrices; and nanowhiskers, nanocrystals, nanorods, and nan...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/9/2/164 |
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| author | Lucie Bacakova Julia Pajorova Marketa Bacakova Anne Skogberg Pasi Kallio Katerina Kolarova Vaclav Svorcik |
| author_facet | Lucie Bacakova Julia Pajorova Marketa Bacakova Anne Skogberg Pasi Kallio Katerina Kolarova Vaclav Svorcik |
| author_sort | Lucie Bacakova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nanocellulose is cellulose in the form of nanostructures, i.e., features not exceeding 100 nm at least in one dimension. These nanostructures include nanofibrils, found in bacterial cellulose; nanofibers, present particularly in electrospun matrices; and nanowhiskers, nanocrystals, nanorods, and nanoballs. These structures can be further assembled into bigger two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) nano-, micro-, and macro-structures, such as nanoplatelets, membranes, films, microparticles, and porous macroscopic matrices. There are four main sources of nanocellulose: bacteria (<i>Gluconacetobacter</i>), plants (trees, shrubs, herbs), algae (<i>Cladophora</i>), and animals (<i>Tunicata</i>). Nanocellulose has emerged for a wide range of industrial, technology, and biomedical applications, namely for adsorption, ultrafiltration, packaging, conservation of historical artifacts, thermal insulation and fire retardation, energy extraction and storage, acoustics, sensorics, controlled drug delivery, and particularly for tissue engineering. Nanocellulose is promising for use in scaffolds for engineering of blood vessels, neural tissue, bone, cartilage, liver, adipose tissue, urethra and <i>dura mater</i>, for repairing connective tissue and congenital heart defects, and for constructing contact lenses and protective barriers. This review is focused on applications of nanocellulose in skin tissue engineering and wound healing as a scaffold for cell growth, for delivering cells into wounds, and as a material for advanced wound dressings coupled with drug delivery, transparency and sensorics. Potential cytotoxicity and immunogenicity of nanocellulose are also discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T06:28:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-986631223a26465d81019768e93716a4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T06:28:18Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-986631223a26465d81019768e93716a42022-12-21T23:56:40ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912019-01-019216410.3390/nano9020164nano9020164Versatile Application of Nanocellulose: From Industry to Skin Tissue Engineering and Wound HealingLucie Bacakova0Julia Pajorova1Marketa Bacakova2Anne Skogberg3Pasi Kallio4Katerina Kolarova5Vaclav Svorcik6Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4-Krc, Czech RepublicDepartment of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4-Krc, Czech RepublicDepartment of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4-Krc, Czech RepublicBioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720 Tampere, FinlandBioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720 Tampere, FinlandDepartment of Solid State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6-Dejvice, Czech RepublicDepartment of Solid State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6-Dejvice, Czech RepublicNanocellulose is cellulose in the form of nanostructures, i.e., features not exceeding 100 nm at least in one dimension. These nanostructures include nanofibrils, found in bacterial cellulose; nanofibers, present particularly in electrospun matrices; and nanowhiskers, nanocrystals, nanorods, and nanoballs. These structures can be further assembled into bigger two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) nano-, micro-, and macro-structures, such as nanoplatelets, membranes, films, microparticles, and porous macroscopic matrices. There are four main sources of nanocellulose: bacteria (<i>Gluconacetobacter</i>), plants (trees, shrubs, herbs), algae (<i>Cladophora</i>), and animals (<i>Tunicata</i>). Nanocellulose has emerged for a wide range of industrial, technology, and biomedical applications, namely for adsorption, ultrafiltration, packaging, conservation of historical artifacts, thermal insulation and fire retardation, energy extraction and storage, acoustics, sensorics, controlled drug delivery, and particularly for tissue engineering. Nanocellulose is promising for use in scaffolds for engineering of blood vessels, neural tissue, bone, cartilage, liver, adipose tissue, urethra and <i>dura mater</i>, for repairing connective tissue and congenital heart defects, and for constructing contact lenses and protective barriers. This review is focused on applications of nanocellulose in skin tissue engineering and wound healing as a scaffold for cell growth, for delivering cells into wounds, and as a material for advanced wound dressings coupled with drug delivery, transparency and sensorics. Potential cytotoxicity and immunogenicity of nanocellulose are also discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/9/2/164bacterial nanocellulosenanofibrillated celluloseanimal nanocellulosealgal nanocellulosetissue engineeringtissue repairwound dressingcell deliverydrug deliveryantimicrobial properties |
| spellingShingle | Lucie Bacakova Julia Pajorova Marketa Bacakova Anne Skogberg Pasi Kallio Katerina Kolarova Vaclav Svorcik Versatile Application of Nanocellulose: From Industry to Skin Tissue Engineering and Wound Healing Nanomaterials bacterial nanocellulose nanofibrillated cellulose animal nanocellulose algal nanocellulose tissue engineering tissue repair wound dressing cell delivery drug delivery antimicrobial properties |
| title | Versatile Application of Nanocellulose: From Industry to Skin Tissue Engineering and Wound Healing |
| title_full | Versatile Application of Nanocellulose: From Industry to Skin Tissue Engineering and Wound Healing |
| title_fullStr | Versatile Application of Nanocellulose: From Industry to Skin Tissue Engineering and Wound Healing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Versatile Application of Nanocellulose: From Industry to Skin Tissue Engineering and Wound Healing |
| title_short | Versatile Application of Nanocellulose: From Industry to Skin Tissue Engineering and Wound Healing |
| title_sort | versatile application of nanocellulose from industry to skin tissue engineering and wound healing |
| topic | bacterial nanocellulose nanofibrillated cellulose animal nanocellulose algal nanocellulose tissue engineering tissue repair wound dressing cell delivery drug delivery antimicrobial properties |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/9/2/164 |
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