Determination of heavy metals concentration in drinking water of rural areas of Divandarreh County, Kurdistan Province: Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk assessment
Aims: This study was aimed at the evaluation of heavy metals in the drinking water of the rural area of Divandarreh city and the assessment of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks. Materials and Methods: In the present work, concentration of four heavy metals in drinking water resource in...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2020-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Environmental Health Engineering |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.ijehe.org/article.asp?issn=2277-9183;year=2020;volume=9;issue=1;spage=14;epage=14;aulast=Ghahramani |
| _version_ | 1828011808947961856 |
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| author | Esmail Ghahramani Afshin Maleki Bahram Kamarehie Reza Rezaee Mohammad Darvishmotevalli Faramarz Azimi Mohammad Amin Karami Hadi Rezaiee |
| author_facet | Esmail Ghahramani Afshin Maleki Bahram Kamarehie Reza Rezaee Mohammad Darvishmotevalli Faramarz Azimi Mohammad Amin Karami Hadi Rezaiee |
| author_sort | Esmail Ghahramani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aims: This study was aimed at the evaluation of heavy metals in the drinking water of the rural area of Divandarreh city and the assessment of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks. Materials and Methods: In the present work, concentration of four heavy metals in drinking water resource in the rural area of Divandarreh County were evaluated. For these aim, the numbers of 29 samples were collected from rural drinking water resources, and the concentration of heavy metals was determined. In addition, carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic risk assessment was conducted in children and adults as target groups. Results: The level of Cd was higher than the WHO drinking water Standard. The average amount of target hazard quotient for heavy metals through ingestion in children and adults were in the order of Cd > Cr > Pb > Ni. The total hazard quotient hazard quotients (HQ ing + HQ derm) in children group was higher than the limit set by the USEPA (hazard index = 1.68), indicating probable noncarcinogenic risk to this group through consumption of water. Conclusion: Based on the obtained data, the carcinogenic risk for all of the heavy metals were higher than the permissible standard. The obtained data can be useful for managers and the water and wastewater department regarding the improvement of drinking water quality. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T09:22:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-98695ada20b4438784d0a36daaeb154e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2277-9183 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T09:22:18Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Environmental Health Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-98695ada20b4438784d0a36daaeb154e2023-02-20T09:41:35ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsInternational Journal of Environmental Health Engineering2277-91832020-01-0191141410.4103/ijehe.ijehe_15_19Determination of heavy metals concentration in drinking water of rural areas of Divandarreh County, Kurdistan Province: Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk assessmentEsmail GhahramaniAfshin MalekiBahram KamarehieReza RezaeeMohammad DarvishmotevalliFaramarz AzimiMohammad Amin KaramiHadi RezaieeAims: This study was aimed at the evaluation of heavy metals in the drinking water of the rural area of Divandarreh city and the assessment of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks. Materials and Methods: In the present work, concentration of four heavy metals in drinking water resource in the rural area of Divandarreh County were evaluated. For these aim, the numbers of 29 samples were collected from rural drinking water resources, and the concentration of heavy metals was determined. In addition, carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic risk assessment was conducted in children and adults as target groups. Results: The level of Cd was higher than the WHO drinking water Standard. The average amount of target hazard quotient for heavy metals through ingestion in children and adults were in the order of Cd > Cr > Pb > Ni. The total hazard quotient hazard quotients (HQ ing + HQ derm) in children group was higher than the limit set by the USEPA (hazard index = 1.68), indicating probable noncarcinogenic risk to this group through consumption of water. Conclusion: Based on the obtained data, the carcinogenic risk for all of the heavy metals were higher than the permissible standard. The obtained data can be useful for managers and the water and wastewater department regarding the improvement of drinking water quality.http://www.ijehe.org/article.asp?issn=2277-9183;year=2020;volume=9;issue=1;spage=14;epage=14;aulast=Ghahramanicarcinogenic riskdermal contactdivandarrehmonte–carlo simulation |
| spellingShingle | Esmail Ghahramani Afshin Maleki Bahram Kamarehie Reza Rezaee Mohammad Darvishmotevalli Faramarz Azimi Mohammad Amin Karami Hadi Rezaiee Determination of heavy metals concentration in drinking water of rural areas of Divandarreh County, Kurdistan Province: Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk assessment International Journal of Environmental Health Engineering carcinogenic risk dermal contact divandarreh monte–carlo simulation |
| title | Determination of heavy metals concentration in drinking water of rural areas of Divandarreh County, Kurdistan Province: Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk assessment |
| title_full | Determination of heavy metals concentration in drinking water of rural areas of Divandarreh County, Kurdistan Province: Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk assessment |
| title_fullStr | Determination of heavy metals concentration in drinking water of rural areas of Divandarreh County, Kurdistan Province: Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk assessment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Determination of heavy metals concentration in drinking water of rural areas of Divandarreh County, Kurdistan Province: Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk assessment |
| title_short | Determination of heavy metals concentration in drinking water of rural areas of Divandarreh County, Kurdistan Province: Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk assessment |
| title_sort | determination of heavy metals concentration in drinking water of rural areas of divandarreh county kurdistan province carcinogenic and non carcinogenic health risk assessment |
| topic | carcinogenic risk dermal contact divandarreh monte–carlo simulation |
| url | http://www.ijehe.org/article.asp?issn=2277-9183;year=2020;volume=9;issue=1;spage=14;epage=14;aulast=Ghahramani |
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