N/N Bridge Type and Substituent Effects on Chemical and Crystallographic Properties of Schiff-Base (<i>Salen/Salphen</i>) Ni<sup>ii</sup> Complexes
In total, 13 ligands R-<i>salen</i> (N,N’-bis(5-R-salicylidene)ethylenediamine (where R = MeO, Me, OH, H, Cl, Br, NO<sub>2</sub>) and R-<i>salphen</i> (N,N’-bis(5-R-salicylidene)-1,2-phenylenediamine (where R = MeO, Me, OH, H, Cl, Br) and their 13 nickel complexes...
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| author | Cynthia S. Novoa-Ramírez Areli Silva-Becerril Fiorella L. Olivera-Venturo Juan Carlos García-Ramos Marcos Flores-Alamo Lena Ruiz-Azuara |
| author_facet | Cynthia S. Novoa-Ramírez Areli Silva-Becerril Fiorella L. Olivera-Venturo Juan Carlos García-Ramos Marcos Flores-Alamo Lena Ruiz-Azuara |
| author_sort | Cynthia S. Novoa-Ramírez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In total, 13 ligands R-<i>salen</i> (N,N’-bis(5-R-salicylidene)ethylenediamine (where R = MeO, Me, OH, H, Cl, Br, NO<sub>2</sub>) and R-<i>salphen</i> (N,N’-bis(5-R-salicylidene)-1,2-phenylenediamine (where R = MeO, Me, OH, H, Cl, Br) and their 13 nickel complexes NiR<i>salen</i> and NiR<i>salphen</i> were synthesized and characterized using IR (infrared) spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility, NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance), UV-vis (ultraviolet-visible) spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and X-ray crystal diffraction. Previous studies have shown that all complexes have presented a square planar geometry in a solid state and as a solution (DMSO). In electrochemical studies, it was observed that in N/N aliphatic bridge complexes, the Ni<sup>II</sup> underwent two redox reactions, which were quasi-reversible process, and the half-wave potential followed a trend depending on the ligand substituent in the 5,5’-R position. The electron-donor substituent—as -OH, and -CH<sub>3</sub> decreased the E<sub>1/2</sub> potential—favored the reductor ability of nickel. The crystals of the complexes NiMe<i>salen</i>, NiMeO<i>sale</i>n, NiMeOs<i>alphen,</i> and Ni<i>salphen</i> were obtained. It was shown that the crystal packaging corresponded to monoclinic systems in the first three cases, as well as the triclinic for Ni<i>salphen</i>. The Hirshfeld surface analysis showed that the packaging was favored by H∙∙∙H and C∙∙∙H/H∙∙∙C interactions, and C-H∙∙∙O hydrogen bridges when the substituent was -MeO and π-stacking was added to an aromatic bridge. Replacing the N/N bridge with an aromatic ring decreased distortion in square-planar geometry where the angles O-Ni-N formed a perfect square-planar. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-9869e2695de04b52b5135c965c4859b52023-11-20T06:49:07ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522020-07-0110761610.3390/cryst10070616N/N Bridge Type and Substituent Effects on Chemical and Crystallographic Properties of Schiff-Base (<i>Salen/Salphen</i>) Ni<sup>ii</sup> ComplexesCynthia S. Novoa-Ramírez0Areli Silva-Becerril1Fiorella L. Olivera-Venturo2Juan Carlos García-Ramos3Marcos Flores-Alamo4Lena Ruiz-Azuara5Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510 Ciudad de México, MexicoDepartment of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510 Ciudad de México, MexicoDepartment of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510 Ciudad de México, MexicoDepartment of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510 Ciudad de México, MexicoUSAII, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510 Ciudad de México, MexicoDepartment of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510 Ciudad de México, MexicoIn total, 13 ligands R-<i>salen</i> (N,N’-bis(5-R-salicylidene)ethylenediamine (where R = MeO, Me, OH, H, Cl, Br, NO<sub>2</sub>) and R-<i>salphen</i> (N,N’-bis(5-R-salicylidene)-1,2-phenylenediamine (where R = MeO, Me, OH, H, Cl, Br) and their 13 nickel complexes NiR<i>salen</i> and NiR<i>salphen</i> were synthesized and characterized using IR (infrared) spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility, NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance), UV-vis (ultraviolet-visible) spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and X-ray crystal diffraction. Previous studies have shown that all complexes have presented a square planar geometry in a solid state and as a solution (DMSO). In electrochemical studies, it was observed that in N/N aliphatic bridge complexes, the Ni<sup>II</sup> underwent two redox reactions, which were quasi-reversible process, and the half-wave potential followed a trend depending on the ligand substituent in the 5,5’-R position. The electron-donor substituent—as -OH, and -CH<sub>3</sub> decreased the E<sub>1/2</sub> potential—favored the reductor ability of nickel. The crystals of the complexes NiMe<i>salen</i>, NiMeO<i>sale</i>n, NiMeOs<i>alphen,</i> and Ni<i>salphen</i> were obtained. It was shown that the crystal packaging corresponded to monoclinic systems in the first three cases, as well as the triclinic for Ni<i>salphen</i>. The Hirshfeld surface analysis showed that the packaging was favored by H∙∙∙H and C∙∙∙H/H∙∙∙C interactions, and C-H∙∙∙O hydrogen bridges when the substituent was -MeO and π-stacking was added to an aromatic bridge. Replacing the N/N bridge with an aromatic ring decreased distortion in square-planar geometry where the angles O-Ni-N formed a perfect square-planar.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/10/7/616nickelSchiff basescrystallographyHirshfeld surface analysis |
| spellingShingle | Cynthia S. Novoa-Ramírez Areli Silva-Becerril Fiorella L. Olivera-Venturo Juan Carlos García-Ramos Marcos Flores-Alamo Lena Ruiz-Azuara N/N Bridge Type and Substituent Effects on Chemical and Crystallographic Properties of Schiff-Base (<i>Salen/Salphen</i>) Ni<sup>ii</sup> Complexes Crystals nickel Schiff bases crystallography Hirshfeld surface analysis |
| title | N/N Bridge Type and Substituent Effects on Chemical and Crystallographic Properties of Schiff-Base (<i>Salen/Salphen</i>) Ni<sup>ii</sup> Complexes |
| title_full | N/N Bridge Type and Substituent Effects on Chemical and Crystallographic Properties of Schiff-Base (<i>Salen/Salphen</i>) Ni<sup>ii</sup> Complexes |
| title_fullStr | N/N Bridge Type and Substituent Effects on Chemical and Crystallographic Properties of Schiff-Base (<i>Salen/Salphen</i>) Ni<sup>ii</sup> Complexes |
| title_full_unstemmed | N/N Bridge Type and Substituent Effects on Chemical and Crystallographic Properties of Schiff-Base (<i>Salen/Salphen</i>) Ni<sup>ii</sup> Complexes |
| title_short | N/N Bridge Type and Substituent Effects on Chemical and Crystallographic Properties of Schiff-Base (<i>Salen/Salphen</i>) Ni<sup>ii</sup> Complexes |
| title_sort | n n bridge type and substituent effects on chemical and crystallographic properties of schiff base i salen salphen i ni sup ii sup complexes |
| topic | nickel Schiff bases crystallography Hirshfeld surface analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/10/7/616 |
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