Increased Liquefactive Necrosis Formation After Transarterial Chemoembolization Combined with Molecular Targeted Agents Plus Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Yingliang Wang,1,2,* Chen Zhou,1,2,* Jiacheng Liu,1,2 Qin Shi,1,2 Songjiang Huang,1,2 Chongtu Yang,1,2 Tongqiang Li,1,2 Yang Chen,1,2 Bin Xiong1,2 1Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Cancer Management and Research |
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| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/increased-liquefactive-necrosis-formation-after-transarterial-chemoemb-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-CMAR |
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| author | Wang Y Zhou C Liu J Shi Q Huang S Yang C Li T Chen Y Xiong B |
| author_facet | Wang Y Zhou C Liu J Shi Q Huang S Yang C Li T Chen Y Xiong B |
| author_sort | Wang Y |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Yingliang Wang,1,2,* Chen Zhou,1,2,* Jiacheng Liu,1,2 Qin Shi,1,2 Songjiang Huang,1,2 Chongtu Yang,1,2 Tongqiang Li,1,2 Yang Chen,1,2 Bin Xiong1,2 1Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China; 2Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Bin Xiong Email herr_xiong@126.comPurpose: In clinical practice, we found some of the patients who received transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with molecular targeted agents (MTGs) plus immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) had obvious liquefactive necrosis formation within the tumor and some even progressed to a liver abscess, which seems more frequent than patients who received other treatments. Thus, we aim to identify this condition and analyze the potential risk factors.Patients and Methods: Medical records of 72 consecutive patients with intermediate (BCLC B) and advanced (BCLC C) HCC who received TACE plus MTGs combined with (n=30) or without (n=42) ICIs were reviewed. Liquefactive necrosis formation was defined as the presence of obvious liquefactive necrosis within the tumor that required intervention.Results: The liquefactive necrosis rate was higher in the TACE+MTGs+ICIs group than in the TACE+MTGs group (30% vs 4.8%, P=0.006). Moreover, 18.2% (2/11) of the patients with liquefactive necrosis within the tumor had a bacterial infection. We then take the binary logistic regression analysis model to identify the predictors of liquefactive necrosis formation, and which showed the tumor size (P=0.006, OR=1.355, 95% CI: 1.090– 1.684), alpha-fetoprotein level (P=0.036, OR=6.745, 95% CI: 1.130– 40.262) and treatment modality (P=0.015, OR=11.717, 95% CI: 1.617– 84.887) were the independent risk factor for liquefactive necrosis formation within the tumor.Conclusion: Patients with HCC who received TACE combined with MTGs plus ICIs have increased liquefactive necrosis formation, and the larger tumor size and higher alpha-fetoprotein level were associated with more liquefactive necrosis formation within the tumor.Keywords: liver cancer, transarterial chemoembolization, molecular targeted agents, immune checkpoint inhibitors, liquefactive necrosis |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T01:13:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9872dcf6d8194b44ad4919c2692dc90e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1179-1322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T01:13:52Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancer Management and Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-9872dcf6d8194b44ad4919c2692dc90e2022-12-21T21:26:01ZengDove Medical PressCancer Management and Research1179-13222021-09-01Volume 136935694168545Increased Liquefactive Necrosis Formation After Transarterial Chemoembolization Combined with Molecular Targeted Agents Plus Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Hepatocellular CarcinomaWang YZhou CLiu JShi QHuang SYang CLi TChen YXiong BYingliang Wang,1,2,* Chen Zhou,1,2,* Jiacheng Liu,1,2 Qin Shi,1,2 Songjiang Huang,1,2 Chongtu Yang,1,2 Tongqiang Li,1,2 Yang Chen,1,2 Bin Xiong1,2 1Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China; 2Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Bin Xiong Email herr_xiong@126.comPurpose: In clinical practice, we found some of the patients who received transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with molecular targeted agents (MTGs) plus immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) had obvious liquefactive necrosis formation within the tumor and some even progressed to a liver abscess, which seems more frequent than patients who received other treatments. Thus, we aim to identify this condition and analyze the potential risk factors.Patients and Methods: Medical records of 72 consecutive patients with intermediate (BCLC B) and advanced (BCLC C) HCC who received TACE plus MTGs combined with (n=30) or without (n=42) ICIs were reviewed. Liquefactive necrosis formation was defined as the presence of obvious liquefactive necrosis within the tumor that required intervention.Results: The liquefactive necrosis rate was higher in the TACE+MTGs+ICIs group than in the TACE+MTGs group (30% vs 4.8%, P=0.006). Moreover, 18.2% (2/11) of the patients with liquefactive necrosis within the tumor had a bacterial infection. We then take the binary logistic regression analysis model to identify the predictors of liquefactive necrosis formation, and which showed the tumor size (P=0.006, OR=1.355, 95% CI: 1.090– 1.684), alpha-fetoprotein level (P=0.036, OR=6.745, 95% CI: 1.130– 40.262) and treatment modality (P=0.015, OR=11.717, 95% CI: 1.617– 84.887) were the independent risk factor for liquefactive necrosis formation within the tumor.Conclusion: Patients with HCC who received TACE combined with MTGs plus ICIs have increased liquefactive necrosis formation, and the larger tumor size and higher alpha-fetoprotein level were associated with more liquefactive necrosis formation within the tumor.Keywords: liver cancer, transarterial chemoembolization, molecular targeted agents, immune checkpoint inhibitors, liquefactive necrosishttps://www.dovepress.com/increased-liquefactive-necrosis-formation-after-transarterial-chemoemb-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-CMARliver cancertransarterial chemoembolizationmolecular targeted agentsimmune checkpoint inhibitorsliquefactive necrosis |
| spellingShingle | Wang Y Zhou C Liu J Shi Q Huang S Yang C Li T Chen Y Xiong B Increased Liquefactive Necrosis Formation After Transarterial Chemoembolization Combined with Molecular Targeted Agents Plus Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cancer Management and Research liver cancer transarterial chemoembolization molecular targeted agents immune checkpoint inhibitors liquefactive necrosis |
| title | Increased Liquefactive Necrosis Formation After Transarterial Chemoembolization Combined with Molecular Targeted Agents Plus Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
| title_full | Increased Liquefactive Necrosis Formation After Transarterial Chemoembolization Combined with Molecular Targeted Agents Plus Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
| title_fullStr | Increased Liquefactive Necrosis Formation After Transarterial Chemoembolization Combined with Molecular Targeted Agents Plus Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Increased Liquefactive Necrosis Formation After Transarterial Chemoembolization Combined with Molecular Targeted Agents Plus Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
| title_short | Increased Liquefactive Necrosis Formation After Transarterial Chemoembolization Combined with Molecular Targeted Agents Plus Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
| title_sort | increased liquefactive necrosis formation after transarterial chemoembolization combined with molecular targeted agents plus immune checkpoint inhibitors for hepatocellular carcinoma |
| topic | liver cancer transarterial chemoembolization molecular targeted agents immune checkpoint inhibitors liquefactive necrosis |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/increased-liquefactive-necrosis-formation-after-transarterial-chemoemb-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-CMAR |
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