Gadolinium-Doped Carbon Nanoparticles with Red Fluorescence and Enhanced Proton Relaxivity as Bimodal Nanoprobes for Bioimaging Applications
Carbon-based nanoparticles (CNPs) have demonstrated great potential in biomedical applications because of their unique physical and chemical properties, and excellent biocompatibility. Herein, we have studied two types of CNPs with gadolinium (Gd) impurities (Gd-CNPs), which were prepared by microwa...
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| author | Dariia U. Musaeva Alexey N. Kopylov Alexander V. Syuy Valentyn S. Volkov Nikita D. Mitiushev Olga S. Pavlova Yury A. Pirogov Andrey N. Baranov Victor Yu. Timoshenko |
| author_facet | Dariia U. Musaeva Alexey N. Kopylov Alexander V. Syuy Valentyn S. Volkov Nikita D. Mitiushev Olga S. Pavlova Yury A. Pirogov Andrey N. Baranov Victor Yu. Timoshenko |
| author_sort | Dariia U. Musaeva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Carbon-based nanoparticles (CNPs) have demonstrated great potential in biomedical applications because of their unique physical and chemical properties, and excellent biocompatibility. Herein, we have studied two types of CNPs with gadolinium (Gd) impurities (Gd-CNPs), which were prepared by microwave synthesis (MWS) and hydrothermal synthesis (HTS), for potential applications as photoluminescent (PL) labels and contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The prepared Gd-CNPs were investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, UV–visible absorption spectroscopy, and magnetic-resonance relaxometry, which allowed us to reveal specific features and functional properties of the prepared samples. While the TEM data showed similar size distributions of both types of Gd-CNPs with mean sizes of 4–5 nm, the optical absorption spectroscopy showed higher absorption in the visible spectral region and stronger PL in the red and near-infrared (NIR) spectral regions for the MWS samples in comparison with those prepared by HTS. Under green light excitation the former samples exhibited the bright red-NIR PL with quantum efficiency of the order of 10%. The proton relaxometry measurements demonstrated that the HTS samples possessed longitudinal and transverse relaxivities of about 42 and 70 mM<sup>−1</sup>s<sup>−1</sup>, whereas the corresponding values for the MWS samples were about 8 and 13 mM<sup>−1</sup>s<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The obtained results can be useful for the selection of appropriate synthesis conditions for carbon-based nanoparticles for bimodal bioimaging applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:09:43Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:09:43Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-9876e2de139a4829980e5d96ff348a2c2023-11-19T00:07:58ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172023-08-011316932210.3390/app13169322Gadolinium-Doped Carbon Nanoparticles with Red Fluorescence and Enhanced Proton Relaxivity as Bimodal Nanoprobes for Bioimaging ApplicationsDariia U. Musaeva0Alexey N. Kopylov1Alexander V. Syuy2Valentyn S. Volkov3Nikita D. Mitiushev4Olga S. Pavlova5Yury A. Pirogov6Andrey N. Baranov7Victor Yu. Timoshenko8Phys-Bio Institute, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, 115409 Moscow, RussiaPhys-Bio Institute, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, 115409 Moscow, RussiaCenter for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, RussiaCenter for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, RussiaFaculty of Materials Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, RussiaFaculty of Fundamental Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, RussiaFaculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, RussiaFaculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, RussiaFaculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, RussiaCarbon-based nanoparticles (CNPs) have demonstrated great potential in biomedical applications because of their unique physical and chemical properties, and excellent biocompatibility. Herein, we have studied two types of CNPs with gadolinium (Gd) impurities (Gd-CNPs), which were prepared by microwave synthesis (MWS) and hydrothermal synthesis (HTS), for potential applications as photoluminescent (PL) labels and contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The prepared Gd-CNPs were investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, UV–visible absorption spectroscopy, and magnetic-resonance relaxometry, which allowed us to reveal specific features and functional properties of the prepared samples. While the TEM data showed similar size distributions of both types of Gd-CNPs with mean sizes of 4–5 nm, the optical absorption spectroscopy showed higher absorption in the visible spectral region and stronger PL in the red and near-infrared (NIR) spectral regions for the MWS samples in comparison with those prepared by HTS. Under green light excitation the former samples exhibited the bright red-NIR PL with quantum efficiency of the order of 10%. The proton relaxometry measurements demonstrated that the HTS samples possessed longitudinal and transverse relaxivities of about 42 and 70 mM<sup>−1</sup>s<sup>−1</sup>, whereas the corresponding values for the MWS samples were about 8 and 13 mM<sup>−1</sup>s<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The obtained results can be useful for the selection of appropriate synthesis conditions for carbon-based nanoparticles for bimodal bioimaging applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/16/9322carbonnanoparticlesdotsgadoliniumphotoluminescencecontrast agent |
| spellingShingle | Dariia U. Musaeva Alexey N. Kopylov Alexander V. Syuy Valentyn S. Volkov Nikita D. Mitiushev Olga S. Pavlova Yury A. Pirogov Andrey N. Baranov Victor Yu. Timoshenko Gadolinium-Doped Carbon Nanoparticles with Red Fluorescence and Enhanced Proton Relaxivity as Bimodal Nanoprobes for Bioimaging Applications Applied Sciences carbon nanoparticles dots gadolinium photoluminescence contrast agent |
| title | Gadolinium-Doped Carbon Nanoparticles with Red Fluorescence and Enhanced Proton Relaxivity as Bimodal Nanoprobes for Bioimaging Applications |
| title_full | Gadolinium-Doped Carbon Nanoparticles with Red Fluorescence and Enhanced Proton Relaxivity as Bimodal Nanoprobes for Bioimaging Applications |
| title_fullStr | Gadolinium-Doped Carbon Nanoparticles with Red Fluorescence and Enhanced Proton Relaxivity as Bimodal Nanoprobes for Bioimaging Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gadolinium-Doped Carbon Nanoparticles with Red Fluorescence and Enhanced Proton Relaxivity as Bimodal Nanoprobes for Bioimaging Applications |
| title_short | Gadolinium-Doped Carbon Nanoparticles with Red Fluorescence and Enhanced Proton Relaxivity as Bimodal Nanoprobes for Bioimaging Applications |
| title_sort | gadolinium doped carbon nanoparticles with red fluorescence and enhanced proton relaxivity as bimodal nanoprobes for bioimaging applications |
| topic | carbon nanoparticles dots gadolinium photoluminescence contrast agent |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/16/9322 |
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