Optical Properties and Fluence Distribution in Rabbit Head Tissues at Selected Laser Wavelengths
The accurate estimation of skin and skull optical properties over a wide wavelength range of laser radiation has great importance in optogenetics and other related applications. In the present work, using the Kubelka–Munk model, finite-element solution of the diffusion equation, inverse adding-doubl...
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/16/5696 |
| _version_ | 1797409125939806208 |
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| author | Alaa Sabeeh Shanshool Ekaterina Nikolaevna Lazareva Omnia Hamdy Valery Victorovich Tuchin |
| author_facet | Alaa Sabeeh Shanshool Ekaterina Nikolaevna Lazareva Omnia Hamdy Valery Victorovich Tuchin |
| author_sort | Alaa Sabeeh Shanshool |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The accurate estimation of skin and skull optical properties over a wide wavelength range of laser radiation has great importance in optogenetics and other related applications. In the present work, using the Kubelka–Munk model, finite-element solution of the diffusion equation, inverse adding-doubling (IAD), and Monte-Carlo simulation, we estimated the refractive index, absorption and scattering coefficients, penetration depth, and the optical fluence distribution in rabbit head tissues ex vivo, after dividing the heads into three types of tissues with an average thickness of skin of 1.1 mm, skull of 1 mm, and brain of 3 mm. The total diffuse reflectance and transmittance were measured using a single integrating sphere optical setup for laser radiation of 532, 660, 785, and 980 nm. The calculated optical properties were then applied to the diffusion equation to compute the optical fluence rate distribution at the boundary of the samples using the finite element method. Monte-Carlo simulation was implemented for estimating the optical fluence distribution through a model containing the three tissue layers. The scattering coefficient decreased at longer wavelengths, leading to an increase in optical fluence inside the tissue samples, indicating a higher penetration depth, especially at 980 nm. In general, the obtained results show good agreement with relevant literature. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:09:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-989557b7c4434c4ca29f980dcb6c7641 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:09:49Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-989557b7c4434c4ca29f980dcb6c76412023-12-03T14:02:10ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-08-011516569610.3390/ma15165696Optical Properties and Fluence Distribution in Rabbit Head Tissues at Selected Laser WavelengthsAlaa Sabeeh Shanshool0Ekaterina Nikolaevna Lazareva1Omnia Hamdy2Valery Victorovich Tuchin3Science Medical Center, Saratov State University, 410012 Saratov, RussiaScience Medical Center, Saratov State University, 410012 Saratov, RussiaDepartment of Engineering Applications of Laser, National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences (NILES), Cairo University, Giza 12613, EgyptScience Medical Center, Saratov State University, 410012 Saratov, RussiaThe accurate estimation of skin and skull optical properties over a wide wavelength range of laser radiation has great importance in optogenetics and other related applications. In the present work, using the Kubelka–Munk model, finite-element solution of the diffusion equation, inverse adding-doubling (IAD), and Monte-Carlo simulation, we estimated the refractive index, absorption and scattering coefficients, penetration depth, and the optical fluence distribution in rabbit head tissues ex vivo, after dividing the heads into three types of tissues with an average thickness of skin of 1.1 mm, skull of 1 mm, and brain of 3 mm. The total diffuse reflectance and transmittance were measured using a single integrating sphere optical setup for laser radiation of 532, 660, 785, and 980 nm. The calculated optical properties were then applied to the diffusion equation to compute the optical fluence rate distribution at the boundary of the samples using the finite element method. Monte-Carlo simulation was implemented for estimating the optical fluence distribution through a model containing the three tissue layers. The scattering coefficient decreased at longer wavelengths, leading to an increase in optical fluence inside the tissue samples, indicating a higher penetration depth, especially at 980 nm. In general, the obtained results show good agreement with relevant literature.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/16/5696tissue optical propertiesoptical fluence ratetranscranial laser irradiationoptical transmittancebraindiffuse reflectance |
| spellingShingle | Alaa Sabeeh Shanshool Ekaterina Nikolaevna Lazareva Omnia Hamdy Valery Victorovich Tuchin Optical Properties and Fluence Distribution in Rabbit Head Tissues at Selected Laser Wavelengths Materials tissue optical properties optical fluence rate transcranial laser irradiation optical transmittance brain diffuse reflectance |
| title | Optical Properties and Fluence Distribution in Rabbit Head Tissues at Selected Laser Wavelengths |
| title_full | Optical Properties and Fluence Distribution in Rabbit Head Tissues at Selected Laser Wavelengths |
| title_fullStr | Optical Properties and Fluence Distribution in Rabbit Head Tissues at Selected Laser Wavelengths |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optical Properties and Fluence Distribution in Rabbit Head Tissues at Selected Laser Wavelengths |
| title_short | Optical Properties and Fluence Distribution in Rabbit Head Tissues at Selected Laser Wavelengths |
| title_sort | optical properties and fluence distribution in rabbit head tissues at selected laser wavelengths |
| topic | tissue optical properties optical fluence rate transcranial laser irradiation optical transmittance brain diffuse reflectance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/16/5696 |
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