Analysis of Ice Phenology of Middle and Large Lakes on the Tibetan Plateau
Considered as a sensitive indicator of climate change, lake ice phenology can have significant influences on regional climate by affecting lake-atmosphere energy and water exchange. However, in situ measurements of ice phenology events are quite limited over high-elevation lakes on the Tibetan Plate...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/3/1661 |
| _version_ | 1827759365008916480 |
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| author | Lijun Sun Binbin Wang Yaoming Ma Xingdong Shi Yan Wang |
| author_facet | Lijun Sun Binbin Wang Yaoming Ma Xingdong Shi Yan Wang |
| author_sort | Lijun Sun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Considered as a sensitive indicator of climate change, lake ice phenology can have significant influences on regional climate by affecting lake-atmosphere energy and water exchange. However, in situ measurements of ice phenology events are quite limited over high-elevation lakes on the Tibetan Plateau, where satellite monitoring can make up such deficiency. In this study, by a combination of AMSR-E (2002–2011) and AMSR-2 (2012–2021) passive microwave data, MODIS optimal products and in situ measurements of temperature profiles in four lakes, the ice phenology events of 40 high-elevation large lakes were derived and their inter-annual trends and influencing factors were analyzed. The freeze-up start date (FUS) mainly occurs in November-December with an average date of 9 December and the break-up end date (BUE) is concentrated in April-May with a multi-year average of 5 May. Under climate warming, 24 of the 34 (70.6%) lakes show delayed FUS at an average trend of 0.35 days/year, and 7 (20.6%) lakes show advanced BUE (rate of change CR = −0.17 days/year). The average ice coverage duration (ID) was 147 days, and 13 (38.2%) lakes shortened ID at an average rate of −0.33 days/year. By synthesizing other ice phenology products, we obtained the assembled products of lake ice phenology, and found that air temperature dominates during the freeze-thaw process, with a higher dependence of BUE than that of FUS on air temperature. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:25:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-98960e5aef454ffa8917aef9090ec307 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:25:26Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-98960e5aef454ffa8917aef9090ec3072023-11-16T18:04:18ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202023-02-01233166110.3390/s23031661Analysis of Ice Phenology of Middle and Large Lakes on the Tibetan PlateauLijun Sun0Binbin Wang1Yaoming Ma2Xingdong Shi3Yan Wang4Land-Atmospheric Interaction and Its Climatic Effects Group, State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaLand-Atmospheric Interaction and Its Climatic Effects Group, State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaLand-Atmospheric Interaction and Its Climatic Effects Group, State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaCollege of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, ChinaKey Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaConsidered as a sensitive indicator of climate change, lake ice phenology can have significant influences on regional climate by affecting lake-atmosphere energy and water exchange. However, in situ measurements of ice phenology events are quite limited over high-elevation lakes on the Tibetan Plateau, where satellite monitoring can make up such deficiency. In this study, by a combination of AMSR-E (2002–2011) and AMSR-2 (2012–2021) passive microwave data, MODIS optimal products and in situ measurements of temperature profiles in four lakes, the ice phenology events of 40 high-elevation large lakes were derived and their inter-annual trends and influencing factors were analyzed. The freeze-up start date (FUS) mainly occurs in November-December with an average date of 9 December and the break-up end date (BUE) is concentrated in April-May with a multi-year average of 5 May. Under climate warming, 24 of the 34 (70.6%) lakes show delayed FUS at an average trend of 0.35 days/year, and 7 (20.6%) lakes show advanced BUE (rate of change CR = −0.17 days/year). The average ice coverage duration (ID) was 147 days, and 13 (38.2%) lakes shortened ID at an average rate of −0.33 days/year. By synthesizing other ice phenology products, we obtained the assembled products of lake ice phenology, and found that air temperature dominates during the freeze-thaw process, with a higher dependence of BUE than that of FUS on air temperature.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/3/1661Tibetan Plateaulake ice phenologypassive microwaveMODISclimate change |
| spellingShingle | Lijun Sun Binbin Wang Yaoming Ma Xingdong Shi Yan Wang Analysis of Ice Phenology of Middle and Large Lakes on the Tibetan Plateau Sensors Tibetan Plateau lake ice phenology passive microwave MODIS climate change |
| title | Analysis of Ice Phenology of Middle and Large Lakes on the Tibetan Plateau |
| title_full | Analysis of Ice Phenology of Middle and Large Lakes on the Tibetan Plateau |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of Ice Phenology of Middle and Large Lakes on the Tibetan Plateau |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of Ice Phenology of Middle and Large Lakes on the Tibetan Plateau |
| title_short | Analysis of Ice Phenology of Middle and Large Lakes on the Tibetan Plateau |
| title_sort | analysis of ice phenology of middle and large lakes on the tibetan plateau |
| topic | Tibetan Plateau lake ice phenology passive microwave MODIS climate change |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/3/1661 |
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