The Modification of Polyvinyl Alcohol for Ice Nucleation Based upon the Structures of Antifreeze Glycoproteins Found in Antarctic Fish
Various alternative compounds have been investigated to prevent icing, one of which includes poly(vinyl) alcohol (PVA), which has shown promising anti-freeze effects. However, determining the optimal structures and formulations of PVA for anti-icing applications has remained a challenge. Building up...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Biophysica |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4125/2/4/37 |
| _version_ | 1797461226920345600 |
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| author | Monika Bleszynski |
| author_facet | Monika Bleszynski |
| author_sort | Monika Bleszynski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Various alternative compounds have been investigated to prevent icing, one of which includes poly(vinyl) alcohol (PVA), which has shown promising anti-freeze effects. However, determining the optimal structures and formulations of PVA for anti-icing applications has remained a challenge. Building upon our previous work, which used molecular dynamics simulations to assess the effects of hydroxyl group separation distance on ice nucleation, in this work, PVA was modified based upon the structures of antifreeze glycoproteins (AFGPs) found in Antarctic fish, and examined as a potential antifreeze compound. Four different PVA samples with different degrees of hydrolysis were fabricated and subsequently examined for their effects on ice crystallization. The results showed that the modified PVA samples with degrees of hydrolysis of 76% and 66% had an effect on ice crystallization, delaying ice crystallization by an average of approximately 20 min, and even preventing ice crystallization altogether in a small portion of the sample. Meanwhile, other samples with degrees of hydrolysis of 100% and 34% either showed no effect on ice crystallization, shortened the ice crystallization time, and appeared to promote ice nucleation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:16:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-989a8bd7d5054421b23a6894a8b9e470 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-4125 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:16:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biophysica |
| spelling | doaj.art-989a8bd7d5054421b23a6894a8b9e4702023-11-24T13:35:35ZengMDPI AGBiophysica2673-41252022-11-012441742710.3390/biophysica2040037The Modification of Polyvinyl Alcohol for Ice Nucleation Based upon the Structures of Antifreeze Glycoproteins Found in Antarctic FishMonika Bleszynski0Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Ritchie School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, USAVarious alternative compounds have been investigated to prevent icing, one of which includes poly(vinyl) alcohol (PVA), which has shown promising anti-freeze effects. However, determining the optimal structures and formulations of PVA for anti-icing applications has remained a challenge. Building upon our previous work, which used molecular dynamics simulations to assess the effects of hydroxyl group separation distance on ice nucleation, in this work, PVA was modified based upon the structures of antifreeze glycoproteins (AFGPs) found in Antarctic fish, and examined as a potential antifreeze compound. Four different PVA samples with different degrees of hydrolysis were fabricated and subsequently examined for their effects on ice crystallization. The results showed that the modified PVA samples with degrees of hydrolysis of 76% and 66% had an effect on ice crystallization, delaying ice crystallization by an average of approximately 20 min, and even preventing ice crystallization altogether in a small portion of the sample. Meanwhile, other samples with degrees of hydrolysis of 100% and 34% either showed no effect on ice crystallization, shortened the ice crystallization time, and appeared to promote ice nucleation.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4125/2/4/37polyvinyl alcoholice nucleationhydroxyl group separation distanceantifreeze glycoproteins |
| spellingShingle | Monika Bleszynski The Modification of Polyvinyl Alcohol for Ice Nucleation Based upon the Structures of Antifreeze Glycoproteins Found in Antarctic Fish Biophysica polyvinyl alcohol ice nucleation hydroxyl group separation distance antifreeze glycoproteins |
| title | The Modification of Polyvinyl Alcohol for Ice Nucleation Based upon the Structures of Antifreeze Glycoproteins Found in Antarctic Fish |
| title_full | The Modification of Polyvinyl Alcohol for Ice Nucleation Based upon the Structures of Antifreeze Glycoproteins Found in Antarctic Fish |
| title_fullStr | The Modification of Polyvinyl Alcohol for Ice Nucleation Based upon the Structures of Antifreeze Glycoproteins Found in Antarctic Fish |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Modification of Polyvinyl Alcohol for Ice Nucleation Based upon the Structures of Antifreeze Glycoproteins Found in Antarctic Fish |
| title_short | The Modification of Polyvinyl Alcohol for Ice Nucleation Based upon the Structures of Antifreeze Glycoproteins Found in Antarctic Fish |
| title_sort | modification of polyvinyl alcohol for ice nucleation based upon the structures of antifreeze glycoproteins found in antarctic fish |
| topic | polyvinyl alcohol ice nucleation hydroxyl group separation distance antifreeze glycoproteins |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4125/2/4/37 |
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