Light- and Melanin Nanoparticle-Induced Cytotoxicity in Metastatic Cancer Cells
Melanin nanoparticles are known to be biologically benign to human cells for a wide range of concentrations in a high glucose culture nutrition. Here, we show cytotoxic behavior at high nanoparticle and low glucose concentrations, as well as at low nanoparticle concentration under exposure to (nonio...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceutics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/7/965 |
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| author | Victoria R. Gabriele Robabeh M. Mazhabi Natalie Alexander Purna Mukherjee Thomas N. Seyfried Njemuwa Nwaji Eser M. Akinoglu Andrzej Mackiewicz Guofu Zhou Michael Giersig Michael J. Naughton Krzysztof Kempa |
| author_facet | Victoria R. Gabriele Robabeh M. Mazhabi Natalie Alexander Purna Mukherjee Thomas N. Seyfried Njemuwa Nwaji Eser M. Akinoglu Andrzej Mackiewicz Guofu Zhou Michael Giersig Michael J. Naughton Krzysztof Kempa |
| author_sort | Victoria R. Gabriele |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Melanin nanoparticles are known to be biologically benign to human cells for a wide range of concentrations in a high glucose culture nutrition. Here, we show cytotoxic behavior at high nanoparticle and low glucose concentrations, as well as at low nanoparticle concentration under exposure to (nonionizing) visible radiation. To study these effects in detail, we developed highly monodispersed melanin nanoparticles (both uncoated and glucose-coated). In order to study the effect of significant cellular uptake of these nanoparticles, we employed three cancer cell lines: VM-M3, A375 (derived from melanoma), and HeLa, all known to exhibit strong macrophagic character, i.e., strong nanoparticle uptake through phagocytic ingestion. Our main observations are: (i) metastatic VM-M3 cancer cells massively ingest melanin nanoparticles (mNPs); (ii) the observed ingestion is enhanced by coating mNPs with glucose; (iii) after a certain level of mNP ingestion, the metastatic cancer cells studied here are observed to die—glucose coating appears to slow that process; (iv) cells that accumulate mNPs are much more susceptible to killing by laser illumination than cells that do not accumulate mNPs; and (v) non-metastatic VM-NM1 cancer cells also studied in this work do not ingest the mNPs, and remain unaffected after receiving identical optical energy levels and doses. Results of this study could lead to the development of a therapy for control of metastatic stages of cancer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:01:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-98bf935a41b04e1d91ed28ac288410b5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4923 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:01:46Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-98bf935a41b04e1d91ed28ac288410b52023-11-22T01:53:46ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232021-06-0113796510.3390/pharmaceutics13070965Light- and Melanin Nanoparticle-Induced Cytotoxicity in Metastatic Cancer CellsVictoria R. Gabriele0Robabeh M. Mazhabi1Natalie Alexander2Purna Mukherjee3Thomas N. Seyfried4Njemuwa Nwaji5Eser M. Akinoglu6Andrzej Mackiewicz7Guofu Zhou8Michael Giersig9Michael J. Naughton10Krzysztof Kempa11Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USAInternational Academy of Optoelectronics at Zhaoqing, South China Normal University, Zhaoqing 526238, ChinaDepartment of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USADepartment of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USADepartment of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USAInternational Academy of Optoelectronics at Zhaoqing, South China Normal University, Zhaoqing 526238, ChinaInternational Academy of Optoelectronics at Zhaoqing, South China Normal University, Zhaoqing 526238, ChinaGreater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-867 Poznan, PolandInternational Academy of Optoelectronics at Zhaoqing, South China Normal University, Zhaoqing 526238, ChinaInternational Academy of Optoelectronics at Zhaoqing, South China Normal University, Zhaoqing 526238, ChinaDepartment of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USADepartment of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USAMelanin nanoparticles are known to be biologically benign to human cells for a wide range of concentrations in a high glucose culture nutrition. Here, we show cytotoxic behavior at high nanoparticle and low glucose concentrations, as well as at low nanoparticle concentration under exposure to (nonionizing) visible radiation. To study these effects in detail, we developed highly monodispersed melanin nanoparticles (both uncoated and glucose-coated). In order to study the effect of significant cellular uptake of these nanoparticles, we employed three cancer cell lines: VM-M3, A375 (derived from melanoma), and HeLa, all known to exhibit strong macrophagic character, i.e., strong nanoparticle uptake through phagocytic ingestion. Our main observations are: (i) metastatic VM-M3 cancer cells massively ingest melanin nanoparticles (mNPs); (ii) the observed ingestion is enhanced by coating mNPs with glucose; (iii) after a certain level of mNP ingestion, the metastatic cancer cells studied here are observed to die—glucose coating appears to slow that process; (iv) cells that accumulate mNPs are much more susceptible to killing by laser illumination than cells that do not accumulate mNPs; and (v) non-metastatic VM-NM1 cancer cells also studied in this work do not ingest the mNPs, and remain unaffected after receiving identical optical energy levels and doses. Results of this study could lead to the development of a therapy for control of metastatic stages of cancer.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/7/965melanomamelanin nanoparticlescytotoxicitylaser medical applicationshyperthermia |
| spellingShingle | Victoria R. Gabriele Robabeh M. Mazhabi Natalie Alexander Purna Mukherjee Thomas N. Seyfried Njemuwa Nwaji Eser M. Akinoglu Andrzej Mackiewicz Guofu Zhou Michael Giersig Michael J. Naughton Krzysztof Kempa Light- and Melanin Nanoparticle-Induced Cytotoxicity in Metastatic Cancer Cells Pharmaceutics melanoma melanin nanoparticles cytotoxicity laser medical applications hyperthermia |
| title | Light- and Melanin Nanoparticle-Induced Cytotoxicity in Metastatic Cancer Cells |
| title_full | Light- and Melanin Nanoparticle-Induced Cytotoxicity in Metastatic Cancer Cells |
| title_fullStr | Light- and Melanin Nanoparticle-Induced Cytotoxicity in Metastatic Cancer Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Light- and Melanin Nanoparticle-Induced Cytotoxicity in Metastatic Cancer Cells |
| title_short | Light- and Melanin Nanoparticle-Induced Cytotoxicity in Metastatic Cancer Cells |
| title_sort | light and melanin nanoparticle induced cytotoxicity in metastatic cancer cells |
| topic | melanoma melanin nanoparticles cytotoxicity laser medical applications hyperthermia |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/7/965 |
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