Silica-Calcium-Alginate Hydrogels for the Co-Immobilization of Glucose Oxidase and Catalase to Reduce the Glucose in Grape Must
Higher temperatures due to climate change are causing greater sugar production in grapes and more alcoholic wines. The use of glucose oxidase (GOX) and catalase (CAT) in grape must is a biotechnological green strategy to produce reduced-alcohol wines. GOX and CAT were effectively co-immobilized by s...
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/9/4/320 |
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| author | David del-Bosque Josefina Vila-Crespo Violeta Ruipérez Encarnación Fernández-Fernández José Manuel Rodríguez-Nogales |
| author_facet | David del-Bosque Josefina Vila-Crespo Violeta Ruipérez Encarnación Fernández-Fernández José Manuel Rodríguez-Nogales |
| author_sort | David del-Bosque |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Higher temperatures due to climate change are causing greater sugar production in grapes and more alcoholic wines. The use of glucose oxidase (GOX) and catalase (CAT) in grape must is a biotechnological green strategy to produce reduced-alcohol wines. GOX and CAT were effectively co-immobilized by sol-gel entrapment in silica-calcium-alginate hydrogel capsules. The optimal co-immobilization conditions were achieved at a concentration of the colloidal silica, sodium silicate and sodium alginate of 7.38%, 0.49% and 1.51%, respectively, at pH 6.57. The formation of a porous silica-calcium-alginate structure was confirmed by environmental scanning electron microscopy and the elemental analysis of the hydrogel by X-ray spectroscopy. The immobilized GOX showed a Michaelis–Menten kinetic, while the immobilized CAT fits better to an allosteric model. Immobilization also conferred superior GOX activity at low pH and temperature. The capsules showed a good operational stability, as they could be reused for at least 8 cycles. A substantial reduction of 26.3 g/L of glucose was achieved with encapsulated enzymes, which corresponds to a decrease in potential alcoholic strength of must of about 1.5% vol. These results show that co-immobilized GOX and CAT in silica-calcium-alginate hydrogels is a promising strategy to produce reduced-alcohol wines. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:00:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-98c299e9ee6d4244b26e2474cbceb499 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2310-2861 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:00:16Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Gels |
| spelling | doaj.art-98c299e9ee6d4244b26e2474cbceb4992023-11-17T19:21:47ZengMDPI AGGels2310-28612023-04-019432010.3390/gels9040320Silica-Calcium-Alginate Hydrogels for the Co-Immobilization of Glucose Oxidase and Catalase to Reduce the Glucose in Grape MustDavid del-Bosque0Josefina Vila-Crespo1Violeta Ruipérez2Encarnación Fernández-Fernández3José Manuel Rodríguez-Nogales4Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Valladolid, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenierías Agrarias, 34004 Palencia, SpainÁrea de Microbiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenierías Agrarias, 34004 Palencia, SpainÁrea de Microbiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenierías Agrarias, 34004 Palencia, SpainÁrea de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Valladolid, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenierías Agrarias, 34004 Palencia, SpainÁrea de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Valladolid, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenierías Agrarias, 34004 Palencia, SpainHigher temperatures due to climate change are causing greater sugar production in grapes and more alcoholic wines. The use of glucose oxidase (GOX) and catalase (CAT) in grape must is a biotechnological green strategy to produce reduced-alcohol wines. GOX and CAT were effectively co-immobilized by sol-gel entrapment in silica-calcium-alginate hydrogel capsules. The optimal co-immobilization conditions were achieved at a concentration of the colloidal silica, sodium silicate and sodium alginate of 7.38%, 0.49% and 1.51%, respectively, at pH 6.57. The formation of a porous silica-calcium-alginate structure was confirmed by environmental scanning electron microscopy and the elemental analysis of the hydrogel by X-ray spectroscopy. The immobilized GOX showed a Michaelis–Menten kinetic, while the immobilized CAT fits better to an allosteric model. Immobilization also conferred superior GOX activity at low pH and temperature. The capsules showed a good operational stability, as they could be reused for at least 8 cycles. A substantial reduction of 26.3 g/L of glucose was achieved with encapsulated enzymes, which corresponds to a decrease in potential alcoholic strength of must of about 1.5% vol. These results show that co-immobilized GOX and CAT in silica-calcium-alginate hydrogels is a promising strategy to produce reduced-alcohol wines.https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/9/4/320encapsulationsiliceous materialhybrid capsulesol-gel networkorganic-inorganic gel |
| spellingShingle | David del-Bosque Josefina Vila-Crespo Violeta Ruipérez Encarnación Fernández-Fernández José Manuel Rodríguez-Nogales Silica-Calcium-Alginate Hydrogels for the Co-Immobilization of Glucose Oxidase and Catalase to Reduce the Glucose in Grape Must Gels encapsulation siliceous material hybrid capsule sol-gel network organic-inorganic gel |
| title | Silica-Calcium-Alginate Hydrogels for the Co-Immobilization of Glucose Oxidase and Catalase to Reduce the Glucose in Grape Must |
| title_full | Silica-Calcium-Alginate Hydrogels for the Co-Immobilization of Glucose Oxidase and Catalase to Reduce the Glucose in Grape Must |
| title_fullStr | Silica-Calcium-Alginate Hydrogels for the Co-Immobilization of Glucose Oxidase and Catalase to Reduce the Glucose in Grape Must |
| title_full_unstemmed | Silica-Calcium-Alginate Hydrogels for the Co-Immobilization of Glucose Oxidase and Catalase to Reduce the Glucose in Grape Must |
| title_short | Silica-Calcium-Alginate Hydrogels for the Co-Immobilization of Glucose Oxidase and Catalase to Reduce the Glucose in Grape Must |
| title_sort | silica calcium alginate hydrogels for the co immobilization of glucose oxidase and catalase to reduce the glucose in grape must |
| topic | encapsulation siliceous material hybrid capsule sol-gel network organic-inorganic gel |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/9/4/320 |
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