Epidemiology of Visceral Leishmaniasis with Emphasis on the Dynamic Activity of Sand Flies in an Important Endemic Focus of Disease in Northwestern Iran
Background: Leishmaniasis diseases are known to be one of the most important public health problems in World and Iran. Visceral leishmaniasis is considered to be the most serious form and transmitted by sand flies species. The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamic activities of sandflies...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Tehran University of Medical Sciences
2019-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://jad.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jad/article/view/1263 |
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| author | Ehssan Mozaffari Hassan Vatandoost Yavar Rassi Mehdi Mohebali Amir Ahmad Akhavan Eslam Moradi-Asl Zabihola Zarei Alieza Zahrai-Ramazani Esmail Ghorbani |
| author_facet | Ehssan Mozaffari Hassan Vatandoost Yavar Rassi Mehdi Mohebali Amir Ahmad Akhavan Eslam Moradi-Asl Zabihola Zarei Alieza Zahrai-Ramazani Esmail Ghorbani |
| author_sort | Ehssan Mozaffari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Leishmaniasis diseases are known to be one of the most important public health problems in World and Iran. Visceral leishmaniasis is considered to be the most serious form and transmitted by sand flies species. The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamic activities of sandflies in northwestern Iran.
Methods: This crass-sectional study was conducted from April to December 2018 in Meshkinshahr County, Ardabil Province. Sticky traps have been used to collect sand flies. They are stored in 70% alcohol and finally identified using valid keys. The aspects of the synoptic information were inquired from the Meshkin Shahr weather department and results analyzed for SPSS24.
Results: Totally 259 sandflies were collected during study period. From collected samples 78.7% were male and 21.3% female. There were 8 different species. Phlebotomus kandelakii was the most prevalent one (30.8%). The average temperature, relative humidity, and average wind speed was 13.5 °C, 84%, and 2 meters per hour on the onset of sandflies’ activity, respectively. These values were 18.3 °C, 85% and 1.5 meters per hour at the peak of their activity and 16 °C, 62% and 5 meters per hour at the final stage of their activity. Sand flies had one peak in July which is strongly influenced by temperature and humidity conditions. Two species of Ph. kandelakii and Phlebotomus perfilewi transcaucasicus, had the highest activity in this endemic area.
Conclusion: The results of current study will provide a guideline for control of diseases in the country. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T20:14:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-98d3e7f3c8af492cb5e4a9509792a5e7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1735-7179 2322-2271 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T20:14:02Z |
| publishDate | 2019-08-01 |
| publisher | Tehran University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-98d3e7f3c8af492cb5e4a9509792a5e72022-12-22T03:18:10ZengTehran University of Medical SciencesJournal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases1735-71792322-22712019-08-0114110.18502/jad.v14i1.27161263Epidemiology of Visceral Leishmaniasis with Emphasis on the Dynamic Activity of Sand Flies in an Important Endemic Focus of Disease in Northwestern IranEhssan Mozaffari0Hassan Vatandoost1Yavar Rassi2Mehdi Mohebali3Amir Ahmad Akhavan4Eslam Moradi-Asl5Zabihola Zarei6Alieza Zahrai-Ramazani7Esmail Ghorbani8Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Department of Environmental Chemical Pollutants and Pesticides, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Department of Environmental Chemical Pollutants and Pesticides, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranSchool of Public Health, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, IranDepartment of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranSchool of Public Health, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, IranBackground: Leishmaniasis diseases are known to be one of the most important public health problems in World and Iran. Visceral leishmaniasis is considered to be the most serious form and transmitted by sand flies species. The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamic activities of sandflies in northwestern Iran. Methods: This crass-sectional study was conducted from April to December 2018 in Meshkinshahr County, Ardabil Province. Sticky traps have been used to collect sand flies. They are stored in 70% alcohol and finally identified using valid keys. The aspects of the synoptic information were inquired from the Meshkin Shahr weather department and results analyzed for SPSS24. Results: Totally 259 sandflies were collected during study period. From collected samples 78.7% were male and 21.3% female. There were 8 different species. Phlebotomus kandelakii was the most prevalent one (30.8%). The average temperature, relative humidity, and average wind speed was 13.5 °C, 84%, and 2 meters per hour on the onset of sandflies’ activity, respectively. These values were 18.3 °C, 85% and 1.5 meters per hour at the peak of their activity and 16 °C, 62% and 5 meters per hour at the final stage of their activity. Sand flies had one peak in July which is strongly influenced by temperature and humidity conditions. Two species of Ph. kandelakii and Phlebotomus perfilewi transcaucasicus, had the highest activity in this endemic area. Conclusion: The results of current study will provide a guideline for control of diseases in the country.https://jad.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jad/article/view/1263Phlebotomus kandelakii; Phlebotomus perfilewi transcaucasicus; Visceral leishmaniasis; Iran |
| spellingShingle | Ehssan Mozaffari Hassan Vatandoost Yavar Rassi Mehdi Mohebali Amir Ahmad Akhavan Eslam Moradi-Asl Zabihola Zarei Alieza Zahrai-Ramazani Esmail Ghorbani Epidemiology of Visceral Leishmaniasis with Emphasis on the Dynamic Activity of Sand Flies in an Important Endemic Focus of Disease in Northwestern Iran Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases Phlebotomus kandelakii; Phlebotomus perfilewi transcaucasicus; Visceral leishmaniasis; Iran |
| title | Epidemiology of Visceral Leishmaniasis with Emphasis on the Dynamic Activity of Sand Flies in an Important Endemic Focus of Disease in Northwestern Iran |
| title_full | Epidemiology of Visceral Leishmaniasis with Emphasis on the Dynamic Activity of Sand Flies in an Important Endemic Focus of Disease in Northwestern Iran |
| title_fullStr | Epidemiology of Visceral Leishmaniasis with Emphasis on the Dynamic Activity of Sand Flies in an Important Endemic Focus of Disease in Northwestern Iran |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epidemiology of Visceral Leishmaniasis with Emphasis on the Dynamic Activity of Sand Flies in an Important Endemic Focus of Disease in Northwestern Iran |
| title_short | Epidemiology of Visceral Leishmaniasis with Emphasis on the Dynamic Activity of Sand Flies in an Important Endemic Focus of Disease in Northwestern Iran |
| title_sort | epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis with emphasis on the dynamic activity of sand flies in an important endemic focus of disease in northwestern iran |
| topic | Phlebotomus kandelakii; Phlebotomus perfilewi transcaucasicus; Visceral leishmaniasis; Iran |
| url | https://jad.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jad/article/view/1263 |
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