Evaluation of <i>Metarhizium brunneum-</i> and <i>Metarhizium</i>-Derived VOCs as Dual-Active Biostimulants and Pest Repellents in a Wireworm-Infested Potato Field
Wireworm, the larval stages of click beetles, are a serious pest of tubers, brassicas and other important commercial crops throughout the northern hemisphere. No effective control agent has been developed specifically for them, and many of the pesticides marketed as having secondary application agai...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/9/6/599 |
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| author | Martyn J. Wood Alexandra M. Kortsinoglou James C. Bull Daniel C. Eastwood Vassili N. Kouvelis Pierre A. Bourdon E. Joel Loveridge Stephen Mathias Abigail Meyrick Audun Midthassel Arben Myrta Tariq Butt |
| author_facet | Martyn J. Wood Alexandra M. Kortsinoglou James C. Bull Daniel C. Eastwood Vassili N. Kouvelis Pierre A. Bourdon E. Joel Loveridge Stephen Mathias Abigail Meyrick Audun Midthassel Arben Myrta Tariq Butt |
| author_sort | Martyn J. Wood |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Wireworm, the larval stages of click beetles, are a serious pest of tubers, brassicas and other important commercial crops throughout the northern hemisphere. No effective control agent has been developed specifically for them, and many of the pesticides marketed as having secondary application against them have been withdrawn from EU and Asian markets. <i>Metarhizium brunneum</i>, an effective entomopathogenic fungus, and its derived volatile metabolites are known to be effective plant biostimulants and plant protectants, although field efficacy has yet to be validated. Field validation of a combined <i>M. brunneum</i> and derived VOC treatments was conducted in Wales, UK, to assess the effects of each as a wireworm control agent and biostimulant. Plots were treated with Tri-Soil (<i>Trichoderma atroviridae</i>), <i>M. brunneum</i>, 1-octen-3-ol or 3-octanone, or combinations thereof. Treatments were applied subsurface during potato seeding (<i>n</i> = 52), and potatoes were harvested at the end of the growing season. Each potato was weighed individually and scored for levels of wireworm damage. Applications of both the VOCs and the <i>M. brunneum</i> individually were found to significantly decrease wireworm burden (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Combinations of <i>M. brunneum</i> and 3-octanone were also found to significantly decrease wireworm damage (<i>p</i> < 0.001), while no effect on yield was reported, resulting in an increased saleable mass over controls (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Herein, we present a novel ‘stimulate and deter’ wireworm control strategy that can be used to significantly enhance saleable potato yields and control wireworm populations, even under high pest pressure densities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:16:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-98f03554f1f44bc38e046333b2cce750 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:16:33Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-98f03554f1f44bc38e046333b2cce7502023-11-18T11:08:13ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2023-05-019659910.3390/jof9060599Evaluation of <i>Metarhizium brunneum-</i> and <i>Metarhizium</i>-Derived VOCs as Dual-Active Biostimulants and Pest Repellents in a Wireworm-Infested Potato FieldMartyn J. Wood0Alexandra M. Kortsinoglou1James C. Bull2Daniel C. Eastwood3Vassili N. Kouvelis4Pierre A. Bourdon5E. Joel Loveridge6Stephen Mathias7Abigail Meyrick8Audun Midthassel9Arben Myrta10Tariq Butt11Department of Biosciences, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UKDepartment of Biology, Section of Genetics and Biotechnology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, GreeceDepartment of Biosciences, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UKDepartment of Biosciences, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UKDepartment of Biology, Section of Genetics and Biotechnology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, GreeceDepartment of Biosciences, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UKDepartment of Chemistry, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UKPuffin Produce Ltd., Withybush, Haverfordwest SA62 4BS, UKPuffin Produce Ltd., Withybush, Haverfordwest SA62 4BS, UKCertis Belchim BV, R & D Department, 3521 AZ Utrecht, The NetherlandsCertis Belchim BV, R & D Department, 3521 AZ Utrecht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Biosciences, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UKWireworm, the larval stages of click beetles, are a serious pest of tubers, brassicas and other important commercial crops throughout the northern hemisphere. No effective control agent has been developed specifically for them, and many of the pesticides marketed as having secondary application against them have been withdrawn from EU and Asian markets. <i>Metarhizium brunneum</i>, an effective entomopathogenic fungus, and its derived volatile metabolites are known to be effective plant biostimulants and plant protectants, although field efficacy has yet to be validated. Field validation of a combined <i>M. brunneum</i> and derived VOC treatments was conducted in Wales, UK, to assess the effects of each as a wireworm control agent and biostimulant. Plots were treated with Tri-Soil (<i>Trichoderma atroviridae</i>), <i>M. brunneum</i>, 1-octen-3-ol or 3-octanone, or combinations thereof. Treatments were applied subsurface during potato seeding (<i>n</i> = 52), and potatoes were harvested at the end of the growing season. Each potato was weighed individually and scored for levels of wireworm damage. Applications of both the VOCs and the <i>M. brunneum</i> individually were found to significantly decrease wireworm burden (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Combinations of <i>M. brunneum</i> and 3-octanone were also found to significantly decrease wireworm damage (<i>p</i> < 0.001), while no effect on yield was reported, resulting in an increased saleable mass over controls (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Herein, we present a novel ‘stimulate and deter’ wireworm control strategy that can be used to significantly enhance saleable potato yields and control wireworm populations, even under high pest pressure densities.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/9/6/599<i>Metarhizium brunneum</i>volatile organic compoundspotatowirewormrepellent |
| spellingShingle | Martyn J. Wood Alexandra M. Kortsinoglou James C. Bull Daniel C. Eastwood Vassili N. Kouvelis Pierre A. Bourdon E. Joel Loveridge Stephen Mathias Abigail Meyrick Audun Midthassel Arben Myrta Tariq Butt Evaluation of <i>Metarhizium brunneum-</i> and <i>Metarhizium</i>-Derived VOCs as Dual-Active Biostimulants and Pest Repellents in a Wireworm-Infested Potato Field Journal of Fungi <i>Metarhizium brunneum</i> volatile organic compounds potato wireworm repellent |
| title | Evaluation of <i>Metarhizium brunneum-</i> and <i>Metarhizium</i>-Derived VOCs as Dual-Active Biostimulants and Pest Repellents in a Wireworm-Infested Potato Field |
| title_full | Evaluation of <i>Metarhizium brunneum-</i> and <i>Metarhizium</i>-Derived VOCs as Dual-Active Biostimulants and Pest Repellents in a Wireworm-Infested Potato Field |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of <i>Metarhizium brunneum-</i> and <i>Metarhizium</i>-Derived VOCs as Dual-Active Biostimulants and Pest Repellents in a Wireworm-Infested Potato Field |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of <i>Metarhizium brunneum-</i> and <i>Metarhizium</i>-Derived VOCs as Dual-Active Biostimulants and Pest Repellents in a Wireworm-Infested Potato Field |
| title_short | Evaluation of <i>Metarhizium brunneum-</i> and <i>Metarhizium</i>-Derived VOCs as Dual-Active Biostimulants and Pest Repellents in a Wireworm-Infested Potato Field |
| title_sort | evaluation of i metarhizium brunneum i and i metarhizium i derived vocs as dual active biostimulants and pest repellents in a wireworm infested potato field |
| topic | <i>Metarhizium brunneum</i> volatile organic compounds potato wireworm repellent |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/9/6/599 |
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