A formation of secular school education in the Tatar settlements of Mordovia (1910s – early 1940s)
Background. Researches are interested in the educational policy of the USSR so far, especially in the context of a multinational state. In this article, the formation of a secular school is shown by the example of the Tatars of Mordovia, whose history within the above-mentioned region has been po...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Penza State University Publishing House
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Известия высших учебных заведений. Поволжский регион: Гуманитарные науки |
| Subjects: |
| _version_ | 1818752645071896576 |
|---|---|
| author | A.N. Zankina |
| author_facet | A.N. Zankina |
| author_sort | A.N. Zankina |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background. Researches are interested in the educational policy of the USSR so
far, especially in the context of a multinational state. In this article, the formation of a secular
school is shown by the example of the Tatars of Mordovia, whose history within the
above-mentioned region has been poorly studied, mostly because of their small number.
The purpose of the research is to show the cardinal changes that took place in the field of
education after the revolutionary events of 1917, the transition from a Muslim religious
school to a secular general education and universal primary education, to reveal the features
of this process among the Tatars. Materials and methods. The implementation of research
tasks was achieved through the use of documents extracted from the funds of the Central
State Archives (CSA) of the Republic of Mordovia. A special place is occupied by previously
published studies on Soviet educational policy. The methodological corpus of the
research includes a comparative-historical method, the application of which makes it possible
to compare the literacy of the Tatars, Russians and Mordovians (in the imperial and
Soviet periods), as well as the percentage of school indigenization among these peoples;
chronological method, thanks to which it is possible to trace the sequence of historical
events throughout the period under consideration; a statistical method that allows you to
analyze the number of Tatar students in pedagogical technical schools, the educational level
of teachers, data on the number and nativization of Tatar schools, as well as school coverage
of children. Results. It was possible to trace the process of the formation of the Soviet
school in the 1910s – early 1940s. on the example of the Tatar settlements of Mordovia and
identify the difficulties it faced, such as a lack of teachers, special rooms, dropouts, poor
academic performance. The processes of gradual displacement of the confessional Muslim
school of the Soviet general education during the 1920s are considered; the establishment
of universal primary education and attempts to introduce a seven-year universal education;
the approval of the compulsory Russian language in schools and the indigenization of
schools. Conclusions. Studying the topic of the formation of Soviet school education in
Mordovia made it possible not only to find new interesting information about how this process
in the Tatars of Mordovia took place, but also to reveal its distinctive features. In particular,
it was found that during the 1920s. In Tatar settlements, Muslim confessional
schools continued to operate, which functioned both at mosques and at home. One of the
difficulties in implementing was an acute shortage of special school buildings, since in
the Tatar settlements, in contrast to the Russian and Mordovian ones, there were no former
parish schools and noble estates. Also, the difference between the Tatar national school was
that, in contrast to the Mordovian one, there was no problem of attracting girls to school and a high percentage of teaching in their native language remained, while in Erzya and
Mokshan schools it was much lower. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T04:54:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-98f4dab796f546819cce93db577d4300 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-3024 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T04:54:45Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Penza State University Publishing House |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Известия высших учебных заведений. Поволжский регион: Гуманитарные науки |
| spelling | doaj.art-98f4dab796f546819cce93db577d43002022-12-21T21:20:19ZengPenza State University Publishing HouseИзвестия высших учебных заведений. Поволжский регион: Гуманитарные науки2072-30242022-01-01410.21685/2072-3024-2021-4-6A formation of secular school education in the Tatar settlements of Mordovia (1910s – early 1940s)A.N. Zankina0I.D.Voronin Joint Local Lore Museum of the Republic ofBackground. Researches are interested in the educational policy of the USSR so far, especially in the context of a multinational state. In this article, the formation of a secular school is shown by the example of the Tatars of Mordovia, whose history within the above-mentioned region has been poorly studied, mostly because of their small number. The purpose of the research is to show the cardinal changes that took place in the field of education after the revolutionary events of 1917, the transition from a Muslim religious school to a secular general education and universal primary education, to reveal the features of this process among the Tatars. Materials and methods. The implementation of research tasks was achieved through the use of documents extracted from the funds of the Central State Archives (CSA) of the Republic of Mordovia. A special place is occupied by previously published studies on Soviet educational policy. The methodological corpus of the research includes a comparative-historical method, the application of which makes it possible to compare the literacy of the Tatars, Russians and Mordovians (in the imperial and Soviet periods), as well as the percentage of school indigenization among these peoples; chronological method, thanks to which it is possible to trace the sequence of historical events throughout the period under consideration; a statistical method that allows you to analyze the number of Tatar students in pedagogical technical schools, the educational level of teachers, data on the number and nativization of Tatar schools, as well as school coverage of children. Results. It was possible to trace the process of the formation of the Soviet school in the 1910s – early 1940s. on the example of the Tatar settlements of Mordovia and identify the difficulties it faced, such as a lack of teachers, special rooms, dropouts, poor academic performance. The processes of gradual displacement of the confessional Muslim school of the Soviet general education during the 1920s are considered; the establishment of universal primary education and attempts to introduce a seven-year universal education; the approval of the compulsory Russian language in schools and the indigenization of schools. Conclusions. Studying the topic of the formation of Soviet school education in Mordovia made it possible not only to find new interesting information about how this process in the Tatars of Mordovia took place, but also to reveal its distinctive features. In particular, it was found that during the 1920s. In Tatar settlements, Muslim confessional schools continued to operate, which functioned both at mosques and at home. One of the difficulties in implementing was an acute shortage of special school buildings, since in the Tatar settlements, in contrast to the Russian and Mordovian ones, there were no former parish schools and noble estates. Also, the difference between the Tatar national school was that, in contrast to the Mordovian one, there was no problem of attracting girls to school and a high percentage of teaching in their native language remained, while in Erzya and Mokshan schools it was much lower.mordovian assreducational policytatarsnational schoolindigenousizationgeneral education |
| spellingShingle | A.N. Zankina A formation of secular school education in the Tatar settlements of Mordovia (1910s – early 1940s) Известия высших учебных заведений. Поволжский регион: Гуманитарные науки mordovian assr educational policy tatars national school indigenousization general education |
| title | A formation of secular school education in the Tatar settlements of Mordovia (1910s – early 1940s) |
| title_full | A formation of secular school education in the Tatar settlements of Mordovia (1910s – early 1940s) |
| title_fullStr | A formation of secular school education in the Tatar settlements of Mordovia (1910s – early 1940s) |
| title_full_unstemmed | A formation of secular school education in the Tatar settlements of Mordovia (1910s – early 1940s) |
| title_short | A formation of secular school education in the Tatar settlements of Mordovia (1910s – early 1940s) |
| title_sort | formation of secular school education in the tatar settlements of mordovia 1910s early 1940s |
| topic | mordovian assr educational policy tatars national school indigenousization general education |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT anzankina aformationofsecularschooleducationinthetatarsettlementsofmordovia1910searly1940s AT anzankina formationofsecularschooleducationinthetatarsettlementsofmordovia1910searly1940s |