Intrafibrillar Growth of Hydroxyapatite Nanocrystals in Multiscale Collagen
Collagen fibrils hierarchically assemble from microscale to macroscale, which endows the natural composite bone with good mechanical properties and remodeling functions. Revealing the intrafibrillar growth process of hydroxyapatite nanocrystals of collagen will guide the research of bone repair or c...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-04-01
|
| Series: | Crystals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/13/4/692 |
| _version_ | 1797605869545848832 |
|---|---|
| author | Bingyu Xue Yidi Li Zhengyi Fu Hang Ping Kun Wang |
| author_facet | Bingyu Xue Yidi Li Zhengyi Fu Hang Ping Kun Wang |
| author_sort | Bingyu Xue |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Collagen fibrils hierarchically assemble from microscale to macroscale, which endows the natural composite bone with good mechanical properties and remodeling functions. Revealing the intrafibrillar growth process of hydroxyapatite nanocrystals of collagen will guide the research of bone repair or collagen-based composites. Herein, we investigated the mineralization of multiscale collagen matrices and strongly proved the intrafibrillar hydroxyapatite nanocrystals in the collagen fibrils. The hydroxyapatite nanocrystals were deposited within collagen fibrils with co-orientation along the (002) crystal plane, which is the longitude of the fibril. The whole growth process was captured by TEM to demonstrated the five stages of the intrafibrillar growth process of hydroxyapatite nanocrystals. The infiltration and transformation of amorphous calcium phosphate in isolated collagen fibrils are both demonstrated. The intrafibrillar growth process of hydroxyapatite nanocrystals in collagen film was also investigated, showing that the growth area of collagen films increased linearly with time and the growth process. By studying the in situ mineralization under different reaction conditions, the kinetic equation of the mineralized area of collagen film under each condition was obtained, and the optimal hydroxyapatite mineralized solution was proved to be a solution with polyacrylic acid of 50 μG/mL and a pH of 7.5. Our work provides more detailed information of the growth process of HAP nanocrystals during the mineralization of collagen at different scales and would contribute to future research on the formation process of more minerals in collagen. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:07:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-99023fc47d7b456eb2cd1fac570fcdb0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:07:11Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Crystals |
| spelling | doaj.art-99023fc47d7b456eb2cd1fac570fcdb02023-11-17T18:52:08ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522023-04-0113469210.3390/cryst13040692Intrafibrillar Growth of Hydroxyapatite Nanocrystals in Multiscale CollagenBingyu Xue0Yidi Li1Zhengyi Fu2Hang Ping3Kun Wang4State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Precision Blasting, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430100, ChinaHubei Longzhong Laboratory, Xiangyang 441000, ChinaHubei Longzhong Laboratory, Xiangyang 441000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, ChinaCollagen fibrils hierarchically assemble from microscale to macroscale, which endows the natural composite bone with good mechanical properties and remodeling functions. Revealing the intrafibrillar growth process of hydroxyapatite nanocrystals of collagen will guide the research of bone repair or collagen-based composites. Herein, we investigated the mineralization of multiscale collagen matrices and strongly proved the intrafibrillar hydroxyapatite nanocrystals in the collagen fibrils. The hydroxyapatite nanocrystals were deposited within collagen fibrils with co-orientation along the (002) crystal plane, which is the longitude of the fibril. The whole growth process was captured by TEM to demonstrated the five stages of the intrafibrillar growth process of hydroxyapatite nanocrystals. The infiltration and transformation of amorphous calcium phosphate in isolated collagen fibrils are both demonstrated. The intrafibrillar growth process of hydroxyapatite nanocrystals in collagen film was also investigated, showing that the growth area of collagen films increased linearly with time and the growth process. By studying the in situ mineralization under different reaction conditions, the kinetic equation of the mineralized area of collagen film under each condition was obtained, and the optimal hydroxyapatite mineralized solution was proved to be a solution with polyacrylic acid of 50 μG/mL and a pH of 7.5. Our work provides more detailed information of the growth process of HAP nanocrystals during the mineralization of collagen at different scales and would contribute to future research on the formation process of more minerals in collagen.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/13/4/692intrafibrillar growthhydroxyapatite nanocrystalsmultiscale collagen |
| spellingShingle | Bingyu Xue Yidi Li Zhengyi Fu Hang Ping Kun Wang Intrafibrillar Growth of Hydroxyapatite Nanocrystals in Multiscale Collagen Crystals intrafibrillar growth hydroxyapatite nanocrystals multiscale collagen |
| title | Intrafibrillar Growth of Hydroxyapatite Nanocrystals in Multiscale Collagen |
| title_full | Intrafibrillar Growth of Hydroxyapatite Nanocrystals in Multiscale Collagen |
| title_fullStr | Intrafibrillar Growth of Hydroxyapatite Nanocrystals in Multiscale Collagen |
| title_full_unstemmed | Intrafibrillar Growth of Hydroxyapatite Nanocrystals in Multiscale Collagen |
| title_short | Intrafibrillar Growth of Hydroxyapatite Nanocrystals in Multiscale Collagen |
| title_sort | intrafibrillar growth of hydroxyapatite nanocrystals in multiscale collagen |
| topic | intrafibrillar growth hydroxyapatite nanocrystals multiscale collagen |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/13/4/692 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bingyuxue intrafibrillargrowthofhydroxyapatitenanocrystalsinmultiscalecollagen AT yidili intrafibrillargrowthofhydroxyapatitenanocrystalsinmultiscalecollagen AT zhengyifu intrafibrillargrowthofhydroxyapatitenanocrystalsinmultiscalecollagen AT hangping intrafibrillargrowthofhydroxyapatitenanocrystalsinmultiscalecollagen AT kunwang intrafibrillargrowthofhydroxyapatitenanocrystalsinmultiscalecollagen |