Seroprevalence of Specific Antibodies to <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, <i>Neospora caninum</i>, and <i>Brucella</i> spp. in Sheep and Goats in Egypt
Toxoplasmosis, neosporosis, and brucellosis are devastating diseases causing infectious abortion and, therefore, substantial economic losses in farm animals. Toxoplasmosis and neosporosis are caused by the intracellular protozoan parasites <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> (<i>T. gondii<...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/23/3327 |
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| author | Ragab M. Fereig Gamal Wareth Hanan H. Abdelbaky Amira M. Mazeed Mohamed El-Diasty Adel Abdelkhalek Hassan Y. A. H. Mahmoud Alsagher O. Ali Abdelrahman El-tayeb Abdullah F. Alsayeqh Caroline F. Frey |
| author_facet | Ragab M. Fereig Gamal Wareth Hanan H. Abdelbaky Amira M. Mazeed Mohamed El-Diasty Adel Abdelkhalek Hassan Y. A. H. Mahmoud Alsagher O. Ali Abdelrahman El-tayeb Abdullah F. Alsayeqh Caroline F. Frey |
| author_sort | Ragab M. Fereig |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Toxoplasmosis, neosporosis, and brucellosis are devastating diseases causing infectious abortion and, therefore, substantial economic losses in farm animals. Toxoplasmosis and neosporosis are caused by the intracellular protozoan parasites <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> (<i>T. gondii</i>) and <i>Neospora caninum</i> (<i>N. caninum</i>), respectively. Brucellosis is a bacterial disease caused by numerous <i>Brucella</i> species in multiple hosts. Toxoplasmosis and brucellosis are also considered foodborne zoonotic diseases. In the current study, specific antibodies to <i>T. gondii</i> and <i>N. caninum,</i> in addition to those to <i>Brucella</i> spp., were detected to gain a better understanding of the epidemiological situation for these three pathogens. Sheep and goat sera from Egypt (<i>n</i> = 360) of animals with and without a history of abortion were tested using commercial ELISAs. Seropositivity rates of 46.1%, 11.9%, and 8.6% for <i>T. gondii</i>, <i>N. caninum</i>, and <i>Brucella</i> spp., respectively, were revealed. Mixed infections with <i>T. gondii</i> and <i>Brucella</i> spp. (4.4%), <i>T. gondii</i> and <i>N. caninum</i> (4.2%), <i>N. caninum</i> and <i>Brucella</i> spp. (1.4%), and even some triple infections (0.6%) have been observed. Animals with a history of abortion had a significantly higher seroprevalence for <i>Brucella</i> spp. infection than those without abortion (12.6%; 28/222 vs. 2.2%; 3/138) (<i>p</i> = 0.0005; Odds ratio = 1.9–21.8), while none of the other pathogens showed a similar effect. This result suggests brucellosis as a possible cause of abortion in the study population. However, the high seroprevalence for <i>T. gondii</i> and <i>N. caninum</i> revealed in our study warrants further investigations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:55:26Z |
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| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:55:26Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
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| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-991d49d7b0674b8bbe6606bf64ad73952023-11-24T10:25:16ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-11-011223332710.3390/ani12233327Seroprevalence of Specific Antibodies to <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, <i>Neospora caninum</i>, and <i>Brucella</i> spp. in Sheep and Goats in EgyptRagab M. Fereig0Gamal Wareth1Hanan H. Abdelbaky2Amira M. Mazeed3Mohamed El-Diasty4Adel Abdelkhalek5Hassan Y. A. H. Mahmoud6Alsagher O. Ali7Abdelrahman El-tayeb8Abdullah F. Alsayeqh9Caroline F. Frey10Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, EgyptFriedrich-Loeffler Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonosis, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, GermanyDoctor of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Clinic, Veterinary Directorate, Qena 83523, EgyptDepartment of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Arish University, Arish 45516, EgyptAgricultural Research Center (ARC), Animal Health Research Institute-Mansoura Provincial Lab (AHRI-Mansoura), P.O. Box 264-Giza, Cairo 12618, EgyptSchool of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University, Cairo 11829, EgyptDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, EgyptDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, EgyptEducational Veterinary Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, EgyptDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi ArabiaInstitute of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, SwitzerlandToxoplasmosis, neosporosis, and brucellosis are devastating diseases causing infectious abortion and, therefore, substantial economic losses in farm animals. Toxoplasmosis and neosporosis are caused by the intracellular protozoan parasites <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> (<i>T. gondii</i>) and <i>Neospora caninum</i> (<i>N. caninum</i>), respectively. Brucellosis is a bacterial disease caused by numerous <i>Brucella</i> species in multiple hosts. Toxoplasmosis and brucellosis are also considered foodborne zoonotic diseases. In the current study, specific antibodies to <i>T. gondii</i> and <i>N. caninum,</i> in addition to those to <i>Brucella</i> spp., were detected to gain a better understanding of the epidemiological situation for these three pathogens. Sheep and goat sera from Egypt (<i>n</i> = 360) of animals with and without a history of abortion were tested using commercial ELISAs. Seropositivity rates of 46.1%, 11.9%, and 8.6% for <i>T. gondii</i>, <i>N. caninum</i>, and <i>Brucella</i> spp., respectively, were revealed. Mixed infections with <i>T. gondii</i> and <i>Brucella</i> spp. (4.4%), <i>T. gondii</i> and <i>N. caninum</i> (4.2%), <i>N. caninum</i> and <i>Brucella</i> spp. (1.4%), and even some triple infections (0.6%) have been observed. Animals with a history of abortion had a significantly higher seroprevalence for <i>Brucella</i> spp. infection than those without abortion (12.6%; 28/222 vs. 2.2%; 3/138) (<i>p</i> = 0.0005; Odds ratio = 1.9–21.8), while none of the other pathogens showed a similar effect. This result suggests brucellosis as a possible cause of abortion in the study population. However, the high seroprevalence for <i>T. gondii</i> and <i>N. caninum</i> revealed in our study warrants further investigations.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/23/3327toxoplasmosisneosporosisbrucellosisovinecaprineEgypt |
| spellingShingle | Ragab M. Fereig Gamal Wareth Hanan H. Abdelbaky Amira M. Mazeed Mohamed El-Diasty Adel Abdelkhalek Hassan Y. A. H. Mahmoud Alsagher O. Ali Abdelrahman El-tayeb Abdullah F. Alsayeqh Caroline F. Frey Seroprevalence of Specific Antibodies to <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, <i>Neospora caninum</i>, and <i>Brucella</i> spp. in Sheep and Goats in Egypt Animals toxoplasmosis neosporosis brucellosis ovine caprine Egypt |
| title | Seroprevalence of Specific Antibodies to <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, <i>Neospora caninum</i>, and <i>Brucella</i> spp. in Sheep and Goats in Egypt |
| title_full | Seroprevalence of Specific Antibodies to <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, <i>Neospora caninum</i>, and <i>Brucella</i> spp. in Sheep and Goats in Egypt |
| title_fullStr | Seroprevalence of Specific Antibodies to <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, <i>Neospora caninum</i>, and <i>Brucella</i> spp. in Sheep and Goats in Egypt |
| title_full_unstemmed | Seroprevalence of Specific Antibodies to <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, <i>Neospora caninum</i>, and <i>Brucella</i> spp. in Sheep and Goats in Egypt |
| title_short | Seroprevalence of Specific Antibodies to <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, <i>Neospora caninum</i>, and <i>Brucella</i> spp. in Sheep and Goats in Egypt |
| title_sort | seroprevalence of specific antibodies to i toxoplasma gondii i i neospora caninum i and i brucella i spp in sheep and goats in egypt |
| topic | toxoplasmosis neosporosis brucellosis ovine caprine Egypt |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/23/3327 |
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