Fitness Costs and Incomplete Resistance Associated with Delayed Evolution of Practical Resistance to Bt Crops
Insect pests are increasingly evolving practical resistance to insecticidal transgenic crops that produce <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> (Bt) proteins. Here, we analyzed data from the literature to evaluate the association between practical resistance to Bt crops and two pest traits: fitn...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Insects |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/14/3/214 |
| _version_ | 1797611111055360000 |
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| author | Yves Carrière Bruce E. Tabashnik |
| author_facet | Yves Carrière Bruce E. Tabashnik |
| author_sort | Yves Carrière |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Insect pests are increasingly evolving practical resistance to insecticidal transgenic crops that produce <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> (Bt) proteins. Here, we analyzed data from the literature to evaluate the association between practical resistance to Bt crops and two pest traits: fitness costs and incomplete resistance. Fitness costs are negative effects of resistance alleles on fitness in the absence of Bt toxins. Incomplete resistance entails a lower fitness of resistant individuals on a Bt crop relative to a comparable non-Bt crop. In 66 studies evaluating strains of nine pest species from six countries, costs in resistant strains were lower in cases with practical resistance (14%) than without practical resistance (30%). Costs in F<sub>1</sub> progeny from crosses between resistant and susceptible strains did not differ between cases with and without practical resistance. In 24 studies examining seven pest species from four countries, survival on the Bt crop relative to its non-Bt crop counterpart was higher in cases with practical resistance (0.76) than without practical resistance (0.43). Together with previous findings showing that the nonrecessive inheritance of resistance is associated with practical resistance, these results identify a syndrome associated with practical resistance to Bt crops. Further research on this resistance syndrome could help sustain the efficacy of Bt crops. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:23:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-991e5634bfb140b294484987762bb9d7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:23:13Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-991e5634bfb140b294484987762bb9d72023-11-17T11:45:30ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502023-02-0114321410.3390/insects14030214Fitness Costs and Incomplete Resistance Associated with Delayed Evolution of Practical Resistance to Bt CropsYves Carrière0Bruce E. Tabashnik1Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USADepartment of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USAInsect pests are increasingly evolving practical resistance to insecticidal transgenic crops that produce <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> (Bt) proteins. Here, we analyzed data from the literature to evaluate the association between practical resistance to Bt crops and two pest traits: fitness costs and incomplete resistance. Fitness costs are negative effects of resistance alleles on fitness in the absence of Bt toxins. Incomplete resistance entails a lower fitness of resistant individuals on a Bt crop relative to a comparable non-Bt crop. In 66 studies evaluating strains of nine pest species from six countries, costs in resistant strains were lower in cases with practical resistance (14%) than without practical resistance (30%). Costs in F<sub>1</sub> progeny from crosses between resistant and susceptible strains did not differ between cases with and without practical resistance. In 24 studies examining seven pest species from four countries, survival on the Bt crop relative to its non-Bt crop counterpart was higher in cases with practical resistance (0.76) than without practical resistance (0.43). Together with previous findings showing that the nonrecessive inheritance of resistance is associated with practical resistance, these results identify a syndrome associated with practical resistance to Bt crops. Further research on this resistance syndrome could help sustain the efficacy of Bt crops.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/14/3/214<i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i>sustainabilityBt soybean, Bt corn and Bt cottongenetically engineeredgenetically modifiedpest adaptation |
| spellingShingle | Yves Carrière Bruce E. Tabashnik Fitness Costs and Incomplete Resistance Associated with Delayed Evolution of Practical Resistance to Bt Crops Insects <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> sustainability Bt soybean, Bt corn and Bt cotton genetically engineered genetically modified pest adaptation |
| title | Fitness Costs and Incomplete Resistance Associated with Delayed Evolution of Practical Resistance to Bt Crops |
| title_full | Fitness Costs and Incomplete Resistance Associated with Delayed Evolution of Practical Resistance to Bt Crops |
| title_fullStr | Fitness Costs and Incomplete Resistance Associated with Delayed Evolution of Practical Resistance to Bt Crops |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fitness Costs and Incomplete Resistance Associated with Delayed Evolution of Practical Resistance to Bt Crops |
| title_short | Fitness Costs and Incomplete Resistance Associated with Delayed Evolution of Practical Resistance to Bt Crops |
| title_sort | fitness costs and incomplete resistance associated with delayed evolution of practical resistance to bt crops |
| topic | <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> sustainability Bt soybean, Bt corn and Bt cotton genetically engineered genetically modified pest adaptation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/14/3/214 |
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