Interpretation of the Observed Neutrino Emission from Three Tidal Disruption Events
Three Tidal Disruption Event candidates (AT2019 dsg , AT2019 fdr , and AT2019 aalc ) have been associated with high-energy astrophysical neutrinos in multimessenger follow-ups. In all cases, the neutrino observation occurred ${ \mathcal O }(100)$ days after the maximum of the optical-ultraviolet (OU...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acbe9e |
| _version_ | 1797699046731677696 |
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| author | Walter Winter Cecilia Lunardini |
| author_facet | Walter Winter Cecilia Lunardini |
| author_sort | Walter Winter |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Three Tidal Disruption Event candidates (AT2019 dsg , AT2019 fdr , and AT2019 aalc ) have been associated with high-energy astrophysical neutrinos in multimessenger follow-ups. In all cases, the neutrino observation occurred ${ \mathcal O }(100)$ days after the maximum of the optical-ultraviolet (OUV) luminosity. We discuss unified fully time-dependent interpretations of the neutrino signals where the neutrino delays are not a statistical effect, but rather the consequence of a physical scale of the post-disruption system. Noting that X-ray flares and infrared (IR) dust echoes have been observed in all cases, we consider three models in which quasi-isotropic neutrino emission is due to the interactions of accelerated protons of moderate, medium, and ultra-high energies with X-rays, OUV, and IR photons, respectively. We find that the neutrino time delays can be well described in the X-ray model assuming magnetic confinement of protons in a calorimetric approach if the unobscured X-ray luminosity is roughly constant over time, and in the IR model, where the delay is directly correlated with the time evolution of the echo luminosity (for which a model is developed here). The OUV model exhibits the highest neutrino production efficiency. In all three models, the highest neutrino fluence is predicted for AT2019 aalc , due to its high estimated supermassive black hole mass and low redshift. All models result in diffuse neutrino fluxes that are consistent with observations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T04:02:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-99309c769383470a9f6515da60b16c20 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T04:02:50Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
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| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-99309c769383470a9f6515da60b16c202023-09-03T11:31:02ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572023-01-0194814210.3847/1538-4357/acbe9eInterpretation of the Observed Neutrino Emission from Three Tidal Disruption EventsWalter Winter0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7062-0289Cecilia Lunardini1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9253-1663Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, GermanyDepartment of Physics, Arizona State University , 450 E. Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287-1504 USAThree Tidal Disruption Event candidates (AT2019 dsg , AT2019 fdr , and AT2019 aalc ) have been associated with high-energy astrophysical neutrinos in multimessenger follow-ups. In all cases, the neutrino observation occurred ${ \mathcal O }(100)$ days after the maximum of the optical-ultraviolet (OUV) luminosity. We discuss unified fully time-dependent interpretations of the neutrino signals where the neutrino delays are not a statistical effect, but rather the consequence of a physical scale of the post-disruption system. Noting that X-ray flares and infrared (IR) dust echoes have been observed in all cases, we consider three models in which quasi-isotropic neutrino emission is due to the interactions of accelerated protons of moderate, medium, and ultra-high energies with X-rays, OUV, and IR photons, respectively. We find that the neutrino time delays can be well described in the X-ray model assuming magnetic confinement of protons in a calorimetric approach if the unobscured X-ray luminosity is roughly constant over time, and in the IR model, where the delay is directly correlated with the time evolution of the echo luminosity (for which a model is developed here). The OUV model exhibits the highest neutrino production efficiency. In all three models, the highest neutrino fluence is predicted for AT2019 aalc , due to its high estimated supermassive black hole mass and low redshift. All models result in diffuse neutrino fluxes that are consistent with observations.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acbe9eNeutrino astronomyTidal disruption |
| spellingShingle | Walter Winter Cecilia Lunardini Interpretation of the Observed Neutrino Emission from Three Tidal Disruption Events The Astrophysical Journal Neutrino astronomy Tidal disruption |
| title | Interpretation of the Observed Neutrino Emission from Three Tidal Disruption Events |
| title_full | Interpretation of the Observed Neutrino Emission from Three Tidal Disruption Events |
| title_fullStr | Interpretation of the Observed Neutrino Emission from Three Tidal Disruption Events |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interpretation of the Observed Neutrino Emission from Three Tidal Disruption Events |
| title_short | Interpretation of the Observed Neutrino Emission from Three Tidal Disruption Events |
| title_sort | interpretation of the observed neutrino emission from three tidal disruption events |
| topic | Neutrino astronomy Tidal disruption |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acbe9e |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT walterwinter interpretationoftheobservedneutrinoemissionfromthreetidaldisruptionevents AT cecilialunardini interpretationoftheobservedneutrinoemissionfromthreetidaldisruptionevents |