Biomimetic Mineralization on 3D Printed PLA Scaffolds: On the Response of Human Primary Osteoblasts Spheroids and In Vivo Implantation
This study aimed to assess the response of 3D printed polylactic acid (PLA) scaffolds biomimetically coated with apatite on human primary osteoblast (HOb) spheroids and evaluate the biological response to its association with Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (rhBMP-2) in rat calvaria. PLA scaffolds were...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/1/74 |
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| author | Marianna O. C. Maia-Pinto Ana Carolina B. Brochado Bruna Nunes Teixeira Suelen C. Sartoretto Marcelo J. Uzeda Adriana T. N. N. Alves Gutemberg G. Alves Mônica D. Calasans-Maia Rossana M. S. M. Thiré |
| author_facet | Marianna O. C. Maia-Pinto Ana Carolina B. Brochado Bruna Nunes Teixeira Suelen C. Sartoretto Marcelo J. Uzeda Adriana T. N. N. Alves Gutemberg G. Alves Mônica D. Calasans-Maia Rossana M. S. M. Thiré |
| author_sort | Marianna O. C. Maia-Pinto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aimed to assess the response of 3D printed polylactic acid (PLA) scaffolds biomimetically coated with apatite on human primary osteoblast (HOb) spheroids and evaluate the biological response to its association with Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (rhBMP-2) in rat calvaria. PLA scaffolds were produced via 3D printing, soaked in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution to promote apatite deposition, and characterized by physical-chemical, morphological, and mechanical properties. PLA-CaP scaffolds with interconnected porous and mechanical properties suitable for bone repairing were produced with reproducibility. The in vitro biological response was assessed with human primary osteoblast spheroids. Increased cell adhesion and the rise of in vitro release of growth factors (Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF), Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) was observed for PLA-CaP scaffolds, when pre-treated with fetal bovine serum (FBS). This pre-treatment with FBS was done in a way to enhance the adsorption of serum proteins, increasing the number of bioactive sites on the surface of scaffolds, and to partially mimic in vivo interactions. The in vivo analysis was conducted through the implantation of 3D printed PLA scaffolds either alone, coated with apatite (PLA-CaP) or PLA-CaP loaded with rhBMP-2 on critical-sized defects (8 mm) of rat calvaria. PLA-CaP+rhBMP2 presented higher values of newly formed bone (NFB) than other groups at all in vivo experimental periods (<i>p</i> < 0.05), attaining 44.85% of NFB after six months. These findings indicated two new potential candidates as alternatives to autogenous bone grafts for long-term treatment: (i) 3D-printed PLA-CaP scaffold associated with spheroids, since it can reduce the time of repair in situ by expression of biomolecules and growth factors; and (ii) 3D-printed PLA-CaP functionalized rhBMP2 scaffold, a biocompatible, bioactive biomaterial, with osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:44:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-99482e7033124818a500e73fa8a5862f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:44:43Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-99482e7033124818a500e73fa8a5862f2023-11-21T02:43:34ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602020-12-011317410.3390/polym13010074Biomimetic Mineralization on 3D Printed PLA Scaffolds: On the Response of Human Primary Osteoblasts Spheroids and In Vivo ImplantationMarianna O. C. Maia-Pinto0Ana Carolina B. Brochado1Bruna Nunes Teixeira2Suelen C. Sartoretto3Marcelo J. Uzeda4Adriana T. N. N. Alves5Gutemberg G. Alves6Mônica D. Calasans-Maia7Rossana M. S. M. Thiré8COPPE/Program of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro—UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-599, BrazilPost-Graduation Program in Science & Biotechnology, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Mario Santos Braga, 28/4° Andar, Niterói, RJ 24220-140, BrazilCOPPE/Program of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro—UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-599, BrazilOral Surgery Department, Dentistry School, Universidade Iguaçu, Avenida Abílio Augusto Távora, 2134, Nova Iguaçu, RJ 26260-045, BrazilOral Surgery Department, Dentistry School, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Mario Santos Braga, 28/4° Andar, Niterói, RJ 24020-140, BrazilDepartment of Oral Diagnosis, Dentistry School, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Mario Santos Braga, 28/4° Andar, Niterói, RJ 24020-140, BrazilPost-Graduation Program in Science & Biotechnology, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Mario Santos Braga, 28/4° Andar, Niterói, RJ 24220-140, BrazilClinical Research Laboratory in Dentistry, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Mario Santos Braga, 28/4° Andar, Niterói, RJ 24020-140, BrazilCOPPE/Program of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro—UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-599, BrazilThis study aimed to assess the response of 3D printed polylactic acid (PLA) scaffolds biomimetically coated with apatite on human primary osteoblast (HOb) spheroids and evaluate the biological response to its association with Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (rhBMP-2) in rat calvaria. PLA scaffolds were produced via 3D printing, soaked in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution to promote apatite deposition, and characterized by physical-chemical, morphological, and mechanical properties. PLA-CaP scaffolds with interconnected porous and mechanical properties suitable for bone repairing were produced with reproducibility. The in vitro biological response was assessed with human primary osteoblast spheroids. Increased cell adhesion and the rise of in vitro release of growth factors (Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF), Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) was observed for PLA-CaP scaffolds, when pre-treated with fetal bovine serum (FBS). This pre-treatment with FBS was done in a way to enhance the adsorption of serum proteins, increasing the number of bioactive sites on the surface of scaffolds, and to partially mimic in vivo interactions. The in vivo analysis was conducted through the implantation of 3D printed PLA scaffolds either alone, coated with apatite (PLA-CaP) or PLA-CaP loaded with rhBMP-2 on critical-sized defects (8 mm) of rat calvaria. PLA-CaP+rhBMP2 presented higher values of newly formed bone (NFB) than other groups at all in vivo experimental periods (<i>p</i> < 0.05), attaining 44.85% of NFB after six months. These findings indicated two new potential candidates as alternatives to autogenous bone grafts for long-term treatment: (i) 3D-printed PLA-CaP scaffold associated with spheroids, since it can reduce the time of repair in situ by expression of biomolecules and growth factors; and (ii) 3D-printed PLA-CaP functionalized rhBMP2 scaffold, a biocompatible, bioactive biomaterial, with osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/1/743D printingbiomimeticpoly (lactic acid)spheroidsbone repair3D printed scaffold |
| spellingShingle | Marianna O. C. Maia-Pinto Ana Carolina B. Brochado Bruna Nunes Teixeira Suelen C. Sartoretto Marcelo J. Uzeda Adriana T. N. N. Alves Gutemberg G. Alves Mônica D. Calasans-Maia Rossana M. S. M. Thiré Biomimetic Mineralization on 3D Printed PLA Scaffolds: On the Response of Human Primary Osteoblasts Spheroids and In Vivo Implantation Polymers 3D printing biomimetic poly (lactic acid) spheroids bone repair 3D printed scaffold |
| title | Biomimetic Mineralization on 3D Printed PLA Scaffolds: On the Response of Human Primary Osteoblasts Spheroids and In Vivo Implantation |
| title_full | Biomimetic Mineralization on 3D Printed PLA Scaffolds: On the Response of Human Primary Osteoblasts Spheroids and In Vivo Implantation |
| title_fullStr | Biomimetic Mineralization on 3D Printed PLA Scaffolds: On the Response of Human Primary Osteoblasts Spheroids and In Vivo Implantation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biomimetic Mineralization on 3D Printed PLA Scaffolds: On the Response of Human Primary Osteoblasts Spheroids and In Vivo Implantation |
| title_short | Biomimetic Mineralization on 3D Printed PLA Scaffolds: On the Response of Human Primary Osteoblasts Spheroids and In Vivo Implantation |
| title_sort | biomimetic mineralization on 3d printed pla scaffolds on the response of human primary osteoblasts spheroids and in vivo implantation |
| topic | 3D printing biomimetic poly (lactic acid) spheroids bone repair 3D printed scaffold |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/1/74 |
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