Genetic Predisposition to Persistent Human Papillomavirus-Infection and Virus-Induced Cancers
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the most common sexually transmitted pathogens worldwide and among the more than 200 identified HPV types, approximately 15 high risk (HR-HPV) types are oncogenic, being strongly associated with the development of cervical cancer, anogenital cancers and an increasin...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/10/2092 |
| _version_ | 1797513775336652800 |
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| author | Helen Espinoza Kim T. Ha Trang T. Pham J. Luis Espinoza |
| author_facet | Helen Espinoza Kim T. Ha Trang T. Pham J. Luis Espinoza |
| author_sort | Helen Espinoza |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the most common sexually transmitted pathogens worldwide and among the more than 200 identified HPV types, approximately 15 high risk (HR-HPV) types are oncogenic, being strongly associated with the development of cervical cancer, anogenital cancers and an increasing fraction of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). HPV-associated cervix cancer accounts for 83% of HPV-attributable cancers, and more than two-thirds of those cases occur in developing countries. Despite the high frequency of HPV infections, in most cases, the virus is cleared by the host immune response and only a small proportion of infected individuals develop persistent infections that can result in malignant transformation, indicating that other elements, including biological, genetic and environmental factors may influence the individual susceptibility to HPV-associated cancers. Previous studies have quantified that heritability, in the form of genetic variants, common in the general population, is implicated in nearly 30% of cervical cancers and a large number of studies conducted across various populations have identified genetic variants that appear to be associated with genes that predispose or protect the host to HPV infections thereby affecting individual susceptibility to HPV-associated cancers. In this article, we provide an overview of gene association studies on HPV-associated cancers with emphasis on genome-wide association study (GWAS) that have identified novel genetic factors linked to HPV infection or HPV-associated cancers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:22:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-995e28463b5d4f8da1937edfbf80742f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:22:14Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-995e28463b5d4f8da1937edfbf80742f2023-11-22T19:14:10ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072021-10-01910209210.3390/microorganisms9102092Genetic Predisposition to Persistent Human Papillomavirus-Infection and Virus-Induced CancersHelen Espinoza0Kim T. Ha1Trang T. Pham2J. Luis Espinoza3Faculty of Environmental Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USAFaculty of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USADepartment of Biochemistry Techniques, Faculty of Medical Technology, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai Phong 04201, VietnamFaculty of Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kodatsuno 5-11-80, Kanazawa 9200942, Ishikawa, JapanHuman papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the most common sexually transmitted pathogens worldwide and among the more than 200 identified HPV types, approximately 15 high risk (HR-HPV) types are oncogenic, being strongly associated with the development of cervical cancer, anogenital cancers and an increasing fraction of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). HPV-associated cervix cancer accounts for 83% of HPV-attributable cancers, and more than two-thirds of those cases occur in developing countries. Despite the high frequency of HPV infections, in most cases, the virus is cleared by the host immune response and only a small proportion of infected individuals develop persistent infections that can result in malignant transformation, indicating that other elements, including biological, genetic and environmental factors may influence the individual susceptibility to HPV-associated cancers. Previous studies have quantified that heritability, in the form of genetic variants, common in the general population, is implicated in nearly 30% of cervical cancers and a large number of studies conducted across various populations have identified genetic variants that appear to be associated with genes that predispose or protect the host to HPV infections thereby affecting individual susceptibility to HPV-associated cancers. In this article, we provide an overview of gene association studies on HPV-associated cancers with emphasis on genome-wide association study (GWAS) that have identified novel genetic factors linked to HPV infection or HPV-associated cancers.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/10/2092gene association studieshead and neck squamous cell carcinomashuman papillomavirusesvirus-induced cancersgenome-wide association studies |
| spellingShingle | Helen Espinoza Kim T. Ha Trang T. Pham J. Luis Espinoza Genetic Predisposition to Persistent Human Papillomavirus-Infection and Virus-Induced Cancers Microorganisms gene association studies head and neck squamous cell carcinomas human papillomaviruses virus-induced cancers genome-wide association studies |
| title | Genetic Predisposition to Persistent Human Papillomavirus-Infection and Virus-Induced Cancers |
| title_full | Genetic Predisposition to Persistent Human Papillomavirus-Infection and Virus-Induced Cancers |
| title_fullStr | Genetic Predisposition to Persistent Human Papillomavirus-Infection and Virus-Induced Cancers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic Predisposition to Persistent Human Papillomavirus-Infection and Virus-Induced Cancers |
| title_short | Genetic Predisposition to Persistent Human Papillomavirus-Infection and Virus-Induced Cancers |
| title_sort | genetic predisposition to persistent human papillomavirus infection and virus induced cancers |
| topic | gene association studies head and neck squamous cell carcinomas human papillomaviruses virus-induced cancers genome-wide association studies |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/10/2092 |
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